سرو

See also: شرو

Arabic

سَرْو – Cupressus sempervirens

Alternative forms

• سَرْوَل (sarwal)
• شَرْبِين (šarbīn)

Etymology

From Middle Persian 𐫘𐫡𐫇 (srw /⁠sarw⁠/, “cypress”). The form شَرْبِين (šarbīn) from Aramaic – Jewish Babylonian Aramaic שׁוּרְבִּינָא (šurbinnā, “Cupressus sempervirens”), Classical Syriac ܫܘܽܪܒܻܝܢܳܐ (šurbinnā), ܫܱܪܘܱܝܢܳܐ (šarwēnā, “Cupressus sempervirens”) –, from Akkadian 𒋗𒌫𒎙 (šu-ur₂-min₃ /⁠šurmēnu⁠/, “cypress”), from Sumerian 𒋗𒌫𒈨 (šu-ur₂-me /⁠šurmen⁠/, “cypress”). Compare Old Armenian սարոյ (saroy, “cypress”) and սարդ (sard, “cedar of Lebanon”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sarw/

Noun

سَرْو • (sarw) m (collective, singulative سَرْوَة f (sarwa))

1. cypress (Cupressus gen. et spp., particularly Cupressus sempervirens)

Declension

Declension of noun سَرْو (sarw)

Collective	basic collective triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَرْو sarw	السَّرْو as-sarw	سَرْو sarw
Nominative	سَرْوٌ sarwun	السَّرْوُ as-sarwu	سَرْوُ sarwu
Accusative	سَرْوًا sarwan	السَّرْوَ as-sarwa	سَرْوَ sarwa
Genitive	سَرْوٍ sarwin	السَّرْوِ as-sarwi	سَرْوِ sarwi
Singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَرْوَة sarwa	السَّرْوَة as-sarwa	سَرْوَة sarwat
Nominative	سَرْوَةٌ sarwatun	السَّرْوَةُ as-sarwatu	سَرْوَةُ sarwatu
Accusative	سَرْوَةً sarwatan	السَّرْوَةَ as-sarwata	سَرْوَةَ sarwata
Genitive	سَرْوَةٍ sarwatin	السَّرْوَةِ as-sarwati	سَرْوَةِ sarwati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَرْوَتَيْن sarwatayn	السَّرْوَتَيْن as-sarwatayn	سَرْوَتَيْ sarwatay
Nominative	سَرْوَتَانِ sarwatāni	السَّرْوَتَانِ as-sarwatāni	سَرْوَتَا sarwatā
Accusative	سَرْوَتَيْنِ sarwatayni	السَّرْوَتَيْنِ as-sarwatayni	سَرْوَتَيْ sarwatay
Genitive	سَرْوَتَيْنِ sarwatayni	السَّرْوَتَيْنِ as-sarwatayni	سَرْوَتَيْ sarwatay
Paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَرْوَات sarwāt	السَّرْوَات as-sarwāt	سَرْوَات sarwāt
Nominative	سَرْوَاتٌ sarwātun	السَّرْوَاتُ as-sarwātu	سَرْوَاتُ sarwātu
Accusative	سَرْوَاتٍ sarwātin	السَّرْوَاتِ as-sarwāti	سَرْوَاتِ sarwāti
Genitive	سَرْوَاتٍ sarwātin	السَّرْوَاتِ as-sarwāti	سَرْوَاتِ sarwāti

References

• “šrwyn”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Brockelmann, Carl (1928) Lexicon Syriacum (in Latin), 2nd edition, Halle: Max Niemeyer, published 1995, page 807
• Corriente, F. (1997) “سرو + سرول”, in A Dictionary of Andalusi Arabic (Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 1 The Near and Middle East; 29)‎^[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, →LCCN, page 250
• Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “سرو”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎^[2] (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 650
• Löw, Immanuel (1881) Aramæische Pflanzennamen‎^[3] (in German), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, pages 387–388
• Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden‎^[4] (in German), volume 3, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, pages 26–33
• Hehn, Victor with Schrader, Otto (1911) Kulturpflanzen und Haustiere in ihrem Übergang aus Asien nach Griechenland und Italien sowie in das übrige Europa‎^[5] (in German), 8^th edition, Berlin: Gebrüder Borntraeger, pages 286–294
• Vollers, Karl (1897) “Beiträge zur Kenntniss der lebenden arabischen Sprache in Aegypten”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎^[6] (in German), volume 51, page 314
• Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “سرو”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎^[7] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 568
• Zimmern, Heinrich (1915) Akkadische Fremdwörter als Beweis für babylonischen Kultureinfluss (in German), Leipzig: A. Edelmann, page 53
• “šurmen (cypress)”, in The Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary‎^[8], University of Pennsylvania, 2006
• “šurmēnu”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD)‎^[9], volume 17, Š, part 3, Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1992, pages 349–353

Persian

سرو

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian 𐫘𐫡𐫇 (srw /⁠sarw⁠/, “cypress”), a Near Eastern Wanderwort. Perhaps from Classical Syriac ܫܱܪܘܱܝܢܳܐ (šarwēnā, “cypress”), ultimately from Akkadian 𒋗𒌫𒎙 (šu-ur₂-min₃ /⁠šurmēnu⁠/, “cypress”), from Sumerian 𒋗𒌫𒈨 (šu-ur₂-me /⁠šurmen⁠/, “cypress”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [saɾw]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [säɾw]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [säɾw]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [säɾw]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [säɾw]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [sæɹv]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [säɾw]

Readings
Classical reading?	sarw
Dari reading?	sarw
Iranian reading?	sarv
Tajik reading?	sarv

Noun

سرو • (sarv)

1. cypress
2. (figurative, poetic) slim and tall beauty
   • c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 136:

     سرو قدت که از او رسته گل زیبایی
     دمبدم تازه‌تر و خوشتر و زیباتر باد

     sarw-i qaddat ki az ō rusta gul-i zēbāyē
     dam-ba-dam tāzatar u xwaštar u zēbātar bād

     The cypress of your stature from which a beautiful rose has grown:
     May it be fresher and better and more beautiful at every moment!

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

Derived terms

• سرو کوهی (sarv-e kuhi)

 

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: sərv
• → Tatar: сәрви (särwi), сәрби (särbi)
• → Ottoman Turkish: سروی (servi), سلوی (selvi) — Vulgar Turkish
  • Turkish: servi, selvi
  • → Albanian: selvi
  • → Armenian: սալվի (salvi), սալբ (salb), սալբի (salbi), սելվի (selvi), սևլի (sewli), սարվի (sarvi) (all dialectal), Սալբի (Salbi) (female given name)
  • → Bulgarian: се́лвия (sélvija), се́влия (sévlija) — metathesis, σέλβεια — Greek
  • → Greek: σελβίνι (selvíni) — Cretan
  • → Macedonian: селвија (selvija)
  • → Serbo-Croatian: sèlvija / сѐлвија
  • → Crimean Tatar: servi, selbi

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian [script needed] (slwb' /⁠srū⁠/, “horn, nail”), from Proto-Iranian *cr̥Hwáh (“horn”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćr̥Hwás, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥h₂-wó-s, from *ḱerh₂- (“head, horn”) +‎ *-wós.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [su.ɾuː]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [sʊ.ɾuː]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [sʊ.ɾuː]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [sʊ.ɾuː]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [su.ɾu]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [so.ɹuː]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [su.ɾu]

Readings
Classical reading?	surū
Dari reading?	surū
Iranian reading?	soru
Tajik reading?	suru

Noun

سرو • (soru)

1. feeler, antenna

   Synonym: شاخک (šâxak)

2. horn

   Synonym: شاخ (šâx)

3. drinking horn

Further reading

• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “سرو”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim