شار

Arabic

Root
ش ر ي (š r y)
8 terms

Etymology

Derived from the active participle of شَرَى (šarā, “to buy”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃaː.rin/

Noun

شَارٍ • (šārin) m (plural شُرَاة (šurāh), feminine شَارِيَة (šāriya))

1. buyer

Declension

Declension of noun شَارٍ (šārin)

Singular	singular triptote in ـٍ (-in)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	شَارِي šārī	الشَّارِي aš-šārī	شَارِي šārī
Nominative	شَارٍ šārin	الشَّارِي aš-šārī	شَارِي šārī
Accusative	شَارِيًا šāriyan	الشَّارِيَ aš-šāriya	شَارِيَ šāriya
Genitive	شَارٍ šārin	الشَّارِي aš-šārī	شَارِي šārī

References

• Baalbaki, Rohi (1995) “شار”, in Al-Mawrid: A Modern Arabic-English Dictionary, 7th edition, Beirut: Dar El-Ilm Lilmalayin, →ISBN
• Баранов, Х. К. (2011) “شار”, in Большой арабско-русский словарь (Bolʹšoj arabsko-russkij slovarʹ), 11th edition, Москва: Живой язык, →ISBN
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “شار”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[1], London: Williams & Norgate
• Wehr, Hans (1960) “شار”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 3rd edition, Ithaca, NY: Otto Harrassowitz

Central Kurdish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃaːɾ/

Noun

Northern Kurdish	şar

شار (şar)

1. city, town

   Synonym: باژێڕ (bajêrr)

Derived terms

• شاری (şarî)
• شارۆکە (şaroke)
• شارەوان (şarewan)

References

• Wahby, T., Edmonds, C. J. (1966) “shar”, in A Kurdish-English Dictionary, page 135
• Qazzaz, Shafiq (2000) “شار”, in The Sharezoor Kurdish–English dictionary, Erbil: Aras Press and Publishers, page 370

Gurani

Etymology

Derived from Persian شهر .

Noun

شار (şār)

1. city, town

Persian

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ʃɑːɾ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʃɑːɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʃɑːɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʃɑːɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʃɔːɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʃɒːɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʃɔɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	šār
Dari reading?	šār
Iranian reading?	šâr
Tajik reading?	šor

Etymology 1

See شاریدن (šâridan).

Verb

شار • (šâr)

1. present stem of شاریدن (šâridan)

Noun

شار • (šâr)

1. flux

   شار مغناطیسی ― šâr-e meğnâtisi ― magnetic flux

   • c. 1100, Amīr Mu'izzī, “Qaṣīda 233”, in دیوان امیر معزی‎^[2]:

     شار غرجستان اگر یابد نسیم همتش
     خاک آن بقعت‌ کند چون زر مشت‌افشار شار

     šār-i ğarjistān agar yābad nasīm-i himmat-aš
     xāk-i ān buq'at kunad čūn zar-i mušt-afšār šār

     If the shār [king] of Gharjistan discovers the breeze of his high ambition,
     He will let flow [from his fingers] the earth of that swamp like soft gold.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

Etymology 2

Compare Old Armenian շար (šar, “silk”), an Iranian borrowing into Armenian.

Noun

شار • (šâr)

1. (obsolete) kind of very fine muslin
   • c. 1075, Abu'l-Fażl Muḥammad ibn Ḥusayn Bayhaqī, تاریخ بیهقی [Tārīkh-i Bayhaqī]:

     این خاتون عادت داشت که هر سالی امیر محمود را غلامی نادر و کنیزکی دوشیزه خیاره‌ فرستادی بر سبیل هدیه؛ و امیر وی را دستارهای قصب‌ و شار باریک‌ و مروارید و دیبای رومی فرستادی.

     īn xātūn ādat dāšt ki har sālē amīr mahmūd rā ğulāmē nādir u kanīzakē dōšīza-yi xiyāra firistādē bar sabīl-i hadiya; u amīr way rā dastār-hā-yi qasab u šār-i bārīk u marwarīd u dēbā-yi rūmī firistādē.

     Every year, this lady had the custom of sending Lord Mahmūd a precious slave boy and a select virgin slave girl as a gift; and the lord would send her linen turbans, thin fine muslin, pearls, and Byzantine brocade.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Iranian, ultimately from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšatrám. Doublet of شاه (šâh).

Noun

شار • (šâr)

1. (historical, obsolete) Title of the king of Gharchistan.
   • c. 1100, Amīr Mu'izzī, “Qaṣīda 233”, in دیوان امیر معزی‎^[3]:

     شار غرجستان اگر یابد نسیم همتش
     خاک آن بقعت‌ کند چون زر مشت‌افشار شار

     šār-i ğarjistān agar yābad nasīm-i himmat-aš
     xāk-i ān buq'at kunad čūn zar-i mušt-afšār šār

     If the shār of Gharjistan discovers the breeze of his high ambition,
     He will let flow [from his fingers] the earth of that swamp like soft gold.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

Further reading

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “شار”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul