شجر
Arabic
editEtymology 1.1
editOf the root ش ج ر (š-j-r). See it for more.
Verb
editشَجَرَ • (šajara) I (non-past يَشْجُرُ (yašjuru), verbal noun شَجْر (šajr) or شُجُور (šujūr))
- to occur, to happen
- to break out (of a disturbance, etc.)
- to be complex, to be intricate, to be complicated
- to be disputed [with بَيْنَ (bayna) ‘between/among people’]
Conjugation
editverbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
شَجْر, شُجُور šajr, šujūr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
شَاجِر šājir | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | شَجَرْتُ šajartu |
شَجَرْتَ šajarta |
شَجَرَ šajara |
شَجَرْتُمَا šajartumā |
شَجَرَا šajarā |
شَجَرْنَا šajarnā |
شَجَرْتُمْ šajartum |
شَجَرُوا šajarū | |||
f | شَجَرْتِ šajarti |
شَجَرَتْ šajarat |
شَجَرَتَا šajaratā |
شَجَرْتُنَّ šajartunna |
شَجَرْنَ šajarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أَشْجُرُ ʔašjuru |
تَشْجُرُ tašjuru |
يَشْجُرُ yašjuru |
تَشْجُرَانِ tašjurāni |
يَشْجُرَانِ yašjurāni |
نَشْجُرُ našjuru |
تَشْجُرُونَ tašjurūna |
يَشْجُرُونَ yašjurūna | |||
f | تَشْجُرِينَ tašjurīna |
تَشْجُرُ tašjuru |
تَشْجُرَانِ tašjurāni |
تَشْجُرْنَ tašjurna |
يَشْجُرْنَ yašjurna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أَشْجُرَ ʔašjura |
تَشْجُرَ tašjura |
يَشْجُرَ yašjura |
تَشْجُرَا tašjurā |
يَشْجُرَا yašjurā |
نَشْجُرَ našjura |
تَشْجُرُوا tašjurū |
يَشْجُرُوا yašjurū | |||
f | تَشْجُرِي tašjurī |
تَشْجُرَ tašjura |
تَشْجُرَا tašjurā |
تَشْجُرْنَ tašjurna |
يَشْجُرْنَ yašjurna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أَشْجُرْ ʔašjur |
تَشْجُرْ tašjur |
يَشْجُرْ yašjur |
تَشْجُرَا tašjurā |
يَشْجُرَا yašjurā |
نَشْجُرْ našjur |
تَشْجُرُوا tašjurū |
يَشْجُرُوا yašjurū | |||
f | تَشْجُرِي tašjurī |
تَشْجُرْ tašjur |
تَشْجُرَا tašjurā |
تَشْجُرْنَ tašjurna |
يَشْجُرْنَ yašjurna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | اُشْجُرْ ušjur |
اُشْجُرَا ušjurā |
اُشْجُرُوا ušjurū |
||||||||
f | اُشْجُرِي ušjurī |
اُشْجُرْنَ ušjurna |
Etymology 1.2
editVerb
editشَجَرَ • (šajara) I (non-past يَشْجُرُ (yašjuru), verbal noun شَجْر (šajr))
- to pierce [with accusative ‘someone/something’ and بِ (bi) ‘with a weapon, etc.’]
- to tie up, to chain [with accusative ‘something’ and إِلَى (ʔilā) ‘to something’]
- to turn away from, to avert [with accusative ‘someone/something’ and عَن (ʕan) ‘from something’]
- to refuse, to keep off, to hinder [with accusative ‘someone/something’ and عَن (ʕan) ‘from something’]
- to prop up, to support with a pole
- to raise, to lift (e.g. a garment)
- to force open (e.g. someone's mouth) with a stick
- to force (an animal) to open the mouth (by pulling on the reins)
Conjugation
editverbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
شَجْر šajr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
شَاجِر šājir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مَشْجُور mašjūr | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | شَجَرْتُ šajartu |
شَجَرْتَ šajarta |
شَجَرَ šajara |
شَجَرْتُمَا šajartumā |
شَجَرَا šajarā |
شَجَرْنَا šajarnā |
شَجَرْتُمْ šajartum |
شَجَرُوا šajarū | |||
f | شَجَرْتِ šajarti |
شَجَرَتْ šajarat |
شَجَرَتَا šajaratā |
شَجَرْتُنَّ šajartunna |
شَجَرْنَ šajarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أَشْجُرُ ʔašjuru |
تَشْجُرُ tašjuru |
يَشْجُرُ yašjuru |
تَشْجُرَانِ tašjurāni |
يَشْجُرَانِ yašjurāni |
نَشْجُرُ našjuru |
تَشْجُرُونَ tašjurūna |
يَشْجُرُونَ yašjurūna | |||
f | تَشْجُرِينَ tašjurīna |
تَشْجُرُ tašjuru |
تَشْجُرَانِ tašjurāni |
تَشْجُرْنَ tašjurna |
يَشْجُرْنَ yašjurna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أَشْجُرَ ʔašjura |
تَشْجُرَ tašjura |
يَشْجُرَ yašjura |
تَشْجُرَا tašjurā |
يَشْجُرَا yašjurā |
نَشْجُرَ našjura |
تَشْجُرُوا tašjurū |
يَشْجُرُوا yašjurū | |||
f | تَشْجُرِي tašjurī |
تَشْجُرَ tašjura |
تَشْجُرَا tašjurā |
تَشْجُرْنَ tašjurna |
يَشْجُرْنَ yašjurna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أَشْجُرْ ʔašjur |
تَشْجُرْ tašjur |
يَشْجُرْ yašjur |
تَشْجُرَا tašjurā |
يَشْجُرَا yašjurā |
نَشْجُرْ našjur |
تَشْجُرُوا tašjurū |
يَشْجُرُوا yašjurū | |||
f | تَشْجُرِي tašjurī |
تَشْجُرْ tašjur |
تَشْجُرَا tašjurā |
تَشْجُرْنَ tašjurna |
يَشْجُرْنَ yašjurna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | اُشْجُرْ ušjur |
اُشْجُرَا ušjurā |
اُشْجُرُوا ušjurū |
||||||||
f | اُشْجُرِي ušjurī |
اُشْجُرْنَ ušjurna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | شُجِرْتُ šujirtu |
شُجِرْتَ šujirta |
شُجِرَ šujira |
شُجِرْتُمَا šujirtumā |
شُجِرَا šujirā |
شُجِرْنَا šujirnā |
شُجِرْتُمْ šujirtum |
شُجِرُوا šujirū | |||
f | شُجِرْتِ šujirti |
شُجِرَتْ šujirat |
شُجِرَتَا šujiratā |
شُجِرْتُنَّ šujirtunna |
شُجِرْنَ šujirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُشْجَرُ ʔušjaru |
تُشْجَرُ tušjaru |
يُشْجَرُ yušjaru |
تُشْجَرَانِ tušjarāni |
يُشْجَرَانِ yušjarāni |
نُشْجَرُ nušjaru |
تُشْجَرُونَ tušjarūna |
يُشْجَرُونَ yušjarūna | |||
f | تُشْجَرِينَ tušjarīna |
تُشْجَرُ tušjaru |
تُشْجَرَانِ tušjarāni |
تُشْجَرْنَ tušjarna |
يُشْجَرْنَ yušjarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُشْجَرَ ʔušjara |
تُشْجَرَ tušjara |
يُشْجَرَ yušjara |
تُشْجَرَا tušjarā |
يُشْجَرَا yušjarā |
نُشْجَرَ nušjara |
تُشْجَرُوا tušjarū |
يُشْجَرُوا yušjarū | |||
f | تُشْجَرِي tušjarī |
تُشْجَرَ tušjara |
تُشْجَرَا tušjarā |
تُشْجَرْنَ tušjarna |
يُشْجَرْنَ yušjarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُشْجَرْ ʔušjar |
تُشْجَرْ tušjar |
يُشْجَرْ yušjar |
تُشْجَرَا tušjarā |
يُشْجَرَا yušjarā |
نُشْجَرْ nušjar |
تُشْجَرُوا tušjarū |
يُشْجَرُوا yušjarū | |||
f | تُشْجَرِي tušjarī |
تُشْجَرْ tušjar |
تُشْجَرَا tušjarā |
تُشْجَرْنَ tušjarna |
يُشْجَرْنَ yušjarna |
Etymology 1.3
editNoun
editشَجْر • (šajr) m
Declension
editEtymology 2.1
editNoun
editشَجَر • (šajar) m (collective, singulative شَجَرَة f (šajara), dual شَجَرَتَان (šajaratān), plural أَشْجَار (ʔašjār), paucal شَجَرَات (šajarāt))
- trees
- شَجَر (šajar) = trees (in general) (collective)
- شَجَرَة (šajara) = a tree (singulative)
- شَجَرَتَان (šajaratān) = two trees (dual)
- شَجَرَات (šajarāt) = 3 to 10 trees, some trees, a few trees (paucal, little plural)
- أَشْجَار (ʔašjār) = (kinds of) trees (big plural)
- shrubs, bushes
- stock, origin, pedigree, background, genealogy
- family, tribe, support system, connections
Declension
editCollective | basic collective triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شَجَر šajar |
الشَّجَر aš-šajar |
شَجَر šajar |
Nominative | شَجَرٌ šajarun |
الشَّجَرُ aš-šajaru |
شَجَرُ šajaru |
Accusative | شَجَرًا šajaran |
الشَّجَرَ aš-šajara |
شَجَرَ šajara |
Genitive | شَجَرٍ šajarin |
الشَّجَرِ aš-šajari |
شَجَرِ šajari |
Singulative | singulative triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شَجَرَة šajara |
الشَّجَرَة aš-šajara |
شَجَرَة šajarat |
Nominative | شَجَرَةٌ šajaratun |
الشَّجَرَةُ aš-šajaratu |
شَجَرَةُ šajaratu |
Accusative | شَجَرَةً šajaratan |
الشَّجَرَةَ aš-šajarata |
شَجَرَةَ šajarata |
Genitive | شَجَرَةٍ šajaratin |
الشَّجَرَةِ aš-šajarati |
شَجَرَةِ šajarati |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | شَجَرَتَيْن šajaratayn |
الشَّجَرَتَيْن aš-šajaratayn |
شَجَرَتَيْ šajaratay |
Nominative | شَجَرَتَانِ šajaratāni |
الشَّجَرَتَانِ aš-šajaratāni |
شَجَرَتَا šajaratā |
Accusative | شَجَرَتَيْنِ šajaratayni |
الشَّجَرَتَيْنِ aš-šajaratayni |
شَجَرَتَيْ šajaratay |
Genitive | شَجَرَتَيْنِ šajaratayni |
الشَّجَرَتَيْنِ aš-šajaratayni |
شَجَرَتَيْ šajaratay |
Paucal (3-10) | sound feminine paucal | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شَجَرَات šajarāt |
الشَّجَرَات aš-šajarāt |
شَجَرَات šajarāt |
Nominative | شَجَرَاتٌ šajarātun |
الشَّجَرَاتُ aš-šajarātu |
شَجَرَاتُ šajarātu |
Accusative | شَجَرَاتٍ šajarātin |
الشَّجَرَاتِ aš-šajarāti |
شَجَرَاتِ šajarāti |
Genitive | شَجَرَاتٍ šajarātin |
الشَّجَرَاتِ aš-šajarāti |
شَجَرَاتِ šajarāti |
Plural of variety | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَشْجَار ʔašjār |
الْأَشْجَار al-ʔašjār |
أَشْجَار ʔašjār |
Nominative | أَشْجَارٌ ʔašjārun |
الْأَشْجَارُ al-ʔašjāru |
أَشْجَارُ ʔašjāru |
Accusative | أَشْجَارًا ʔašjāran |
الْأَشْجَارَ al-ʔašjāra |
أَشْجَارَ ʔašjāra |
Genitive | أَشْجَارٍ ʔašjārin |
الْأَشْجَارِ al-ʔašjāri |
أَشْجَارِ ʔašjāri |
Etymology 2.2
editNoun
editشِجَر or شَجَر • (šijar or šajar) m (collective, singulative شِجَرَة f (šijara) or شَجَرَة (šajara), plural أَشْجَار (ʔašjār))
- (al-Andalus, Morocco) fig trees
- a. 1135, Ibn ʿAbdūn, “Un document sur la vie urbaine et les corps de métiers à Séville au début du XIIe siècle: Le traité d’Ibn ʿAbdūn publié avec une introduction et un glossaire”, in Évariste Lévi-Provençal, editor, Journal asiatique[1], number 2, published 1934, page 248 (٥٦) 16:
Declension
editCollective | basic collective triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شِجَر; شَجَر šijar; šajar |
الشِّجَر; الشَّجَر aš-šijar; aš-šajar |
شِجَر; شَجَر šijar; šajar |
Nominative | شِجَرٌ; شَجَرٌ šijarun; šajarun |
الشِّجَرُ; الشَّجَرُ aš-šijaru; aš-šajaru |
شِجَرُ; شَجَرُ šijaru; šajaru |
Accusative | شِجَرًا; شَجَرًا šijaran; šajaran |
الشِّجَرَ; الشَّجَرَ aš-šijara; aš-šajara |
شِجَرَ; شَجَرَ šijara; šajara |
Genitive | شِجَرٍ; شَجَرٍ šijarin; šajarin |
الشِّجَرِ; الشَّجَرِ aš-šijari; aš-šajari |
شِجَرِ; شَجَرِ šijari; šajari |
Singulative | singulative triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شِجَرَة; شَجَرَة šijara; šajara |
الشِّجَرَة; الشَّجَرَة aš-šijara; aš-šajara |
شِجَرَة; شَجَرَة šijarat; šajarat |
Nominative | شِجَرَةٌ; شَجَرَةٌ šijaratun; šajaratun |
الشِّجَرَةُ; الشَّجَرَةُ aš-šijaratu; aš-šajaratu |
شِجَرَةُ; شَجَرَةُ šijaratu; šajaratu |
Accusative | شِجَرَةً; شَجَرَةً šijaratan; šajaratan |
الشِّجَرَةَ; الشَّجَرَةَ aš-šijarata; aš-šajarata |
شِجَرَةَ; شَجَرَةَ šijarata; šajarata |
Genitive | شِجَرَةٍ; شَجَرَةٍ šijaratin; šajaratin |
الشِّجَرَةِ; الشَّجَرَةِ aš-šijarati; aš-šajarati |
شِجَرَةِ; شَجَرَةِ šijarati; šajarati |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | شِجَرَتَيْن; شَجَرَتَيْن šijaratayn; šajaratayn |
الشِّجَرَتَيْن; الشَّجَرَتَيْن aš-šijaratayn; aš-šajaratayn |
شِجَرَتَيْ; شَجَرَتَيْ šijaratay; šajaratay |
Nominative | شِجَرَتَانِ; شَجَرَتَانِ šijaratāni; šajaratāni |
الشِّجَرَتَانِ; الشَّجَرَتَانِ aš-šijaratāni; aš-šajaratāni |
شِجَرَتَا; شَجَرَتَا šijaratā; šajaratā |
Accusative | شِجَرَتَيْنِ; شَجَرَتَيْنِ šijaratayni; šajaratayni |
الشِّجَرَتَيْنِ; الشَّجَرَتَيْنِ aš-šijaratayni; aš-šajaratayni |
شِجَرَتَيْ; شَجَرَتَيْ šijaratay; šajaratay |
Genitive | شِجَرَتَيْنِ; شَجَرَتَيْنِ šijaratayni; šajaratayni |
الشِّجَرَتَيْنِ; الشَّجَرَتَيْنِ aš-šijaratayni; aš-šajaratayni |
شِجَرَتَيْ; شَجَرَتَيْ šijaratay; šajaratay |
Paucal (3-10) | sound feminine paucal | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شِجَرَات; شَجَرَات šijarāt; šajarāt |
الشِّجَرَات; الشَّجَرَات aš-šijarāt; aš-šajarāt |
شِجَرَات; شَجَرَات šijarāt; šajarāt |
Nominative | شِجَرَاتٌ; شَجَرَاتٌ šijarātun; šajarātun |
الشِّجَرَاتُ; الشَّجَرَاتُ aš-šijarātu; aš-šajarātu |
شِجَرَاتُ; شَجَرَاتُ šijarātu; šajarātu |
Accusative | شِجَرَاتٍ; شَجَرَاتٍ šijarātin; šajarātin |
الشِّجَرَاتِ; الشَّجَرَاتِ aš-šijarāti; aš-šajarāti |
شِجَرَاتِ; شَجَرَاتِ šijarāti; šajarāti |
Genitive | شِجَرَاتٍ; شَجَرَاتٍ šijarātin; šajarātin |
الشِّجَرَاتِ; الشَّجَرَاتِ aš-šijarāti; aš-šajarāti |
شِجَرَاتِ; شَجَرَاتِ šijarāti; šajarāti |
Plural of variety | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَشْجَار ʔašjār |
الْأَشْجَار al-ʔašjār |
أَشْجَار ʔašjār |
Nominative | أَشْجَارٌ ʔašjārun |
الْأَشْجَارُ al-ʔašjāru |
أَشْجَارُ ʔašjāru |
Accusative | أَشْجَارًا ʔašjāran |
الْأَشْجَارَ al-ʔašjāra |
أَشْجَارَ ʔašjāra |
Genitive | أَشْجَارٍ ʔašjārin |
الْأَشْجَارِ al-ʔašjāri |
أَشْجَارِ ʔašjāri |
Alternative forms
edit- شِجَار (šijār)
Etymology 2.3
editVerb
editشَجَّرَ • (šajjara) II (non-past يُشَجِّرُ (yušajjiru), verbal noun تَشْجِير (tašjīr))
Conjugation
editverbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
تَشْجِير tašjīr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
مُشَجِّر mušajjir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مُشَجَّر mušajjar | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | شَجَّرْتُ šajjartu |
شَجَّرْتَ šajjarta |
شَجَّرَ šajjara |
شَجَّرْتُمَا šajjartumā |
شَجَّرَا šajjarā |
شَجَّرْنَا šajjarnā |
شَجَّرْتُمْ šajjartum |
شَجَّرُوا šajjarū | |||
f | شَجَّرْتِ šajjarti |
شَجَّرَتْ šajjarat |
شَجَّرَتَا šajjaratā |
شَجَّرْتُنَّ šajjartunna |
شَجَّرْنَ šajjarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُشَجِّرُ ʔušajjiru |
تُشَجِّرُ tušajjiru |
يُشَجِّرُ yušajjiru |
تُشَجِّرَانِ tušajjirāni |
يُشَجِّرَانِ yušajjirāni |
نُشَجِّرُ nušajjiru |
تُشَجِّرُونَ tušajjirūna |
يُشَجِّرُونَ yušajjirūna | |||
f | تُشَجِّرِينَ tušajjirīna |
تُشَجِّرُ tušajjiru |
تُشَجِّرَانِ tušajjirāni |
تُشَجِّرْنَ tušajjirna |
يُشَجِّرْنَ yušajjirna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُشَجِّرَ ʔušajjira |
تُشَجِّرَ tušajjira |
يُشَجِّرَ yušajjira |
تُشَجِّرَا tušajjirā |
يُشَجِّرَا yušajjirā |
نُشَجِّرَ nušajjira |
تُشَجِّرُوا tušajjirū |
يُشَجِّرُوا yušajjirū | |||
f | تُشَجِّرِي tušajjirī |
تُشَجِّرَ tušajjira |
تُشَجِّرَا tušajjirā |
تُشَجِّرْنَ tušajjirna |
يُشَجِّرْنَ yušajjirna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُشَجِّرْ ʔušajjir |
تُشَجِّرْ tušajjir |
يُشَجِّرْ yušajjir |
تُشَجِّرَا tušajjirā |
يُشَجِّرَا yušajjirā |
نُشَجِّرْ nušajjir |
تُشَجِّرُوا tušajjirū |
يُشَجِّرُوا yušajjirū | |||
f | تُشَجِّرِي tušajjirī |
تُشَجِّرْ tušajjir |
تُشَجِّرَا tušajjirā |
تُشَجِّرْنَ tušajjirna |
يُشَجِّرْنَ yušajjirna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | شَجِّرْ šajjir |
شَجِّرَا šajjirā |
شَجِّرُوا šajjirū |
||||||||
f | شَجِّرِي šajjirī |
شَجِّرْنَ šajjirna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | شُجِّرْتُ šujjirtu |
شُجِّرْتَ šujjirta |
شُجِّرَ šujjira |
شُجِّرْتُمَا šujjirtumā |
شُجِّرَا šujjirā |
شُجِّرْنَا šujjirnā |
شُجِّرْتُمْ šujjirtum |
شُجِّرُوا šujjirū | |||
f | شُجِّرْتِ šujjirti |
شُجِّرَتْ šujjirat |
شُجِّرَتَا šujjiratā |
شُجِّرْتُنَّ šujjirtunna |
شُجِّرْنَ šujjirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُشَجَّرُ ʔušajjaru |
تُشَجَّرُ tušajjaru |
يُشَجَّرُ yušajjaru |
تُشَجَّرَانِ tušajjarāni |
يُشَجَّرَانِ yušajjarāni |
نُشَجَّرُ nušajjaru |
تُشَجَّرُونَ tušajjarūna |
يُشَجَّرُونَ yušajjarūna | |||
f | تُشَجَّرِينَ tušajjarīna |
تُشَجَّرُ tušajjaru |
تُشَجَّرَانِ tušajjarāni |
تُشَجَّرْنَ tušajjarna |
يُشَجَّرْنَ yušajjarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُشَجَّرَ ʔušajjara |
تُشَجَّرَ tušajjara |
يُشَجَّرَ yušajjara |
تُشَجَّرَا tušajjarā |
يُشَجَّرَا yušajjarā |
نُشَجَّرَ nušajjara |
تُشَجَّرُوا tušajjarū |
يُشَجَّرُوا yušajjarū | |||
f | تُشَجَّرِي tušajjarī |
تُشَجَّرَ tušajjara |
تُشَجَّرَا tušajjarā |
تُشَجَّرْنَ tušajjarna |
يُشَجَّرْنَ yušajjarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُشَجَّرْ ʔušajjar |
تُشَجَّرْ tušajjar |
يُشَجَّرْ yušajjar |
تُشَجَّرَا tušajjarā |
يُشَجَّرَا yušajjarā |
نُشَجَّرْ nušajjar |
تُشَجَّرُوا tušajjarū |
يُشَجَّرُوا yušajjarū | |||
f | تُشَجَّرِي tušajjarī |
تُشَجَّرْ tušajjar |
تُشَجَّرَا tušajjarā |
تُشَجَّرْنَ tušajjarna |
يُشَجَّرْنَ yušajjarna |
Etymology 3
editNoun
editشَجْر • (šajr) m (plural أَشْجَار (ʔašjār) or شُجُور (šujūr) or شِجَار (šijār))
Declension
editSingular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شَجْر šajr |
الشَّجْر aš-šajr |
شَجْر šajr |
Nominative | شَجْرٌ šajrun |
الشَّجْرُ aš-šajru |
شَجْرُ šajru |
Accusative | شَجْرًا šajran |
الشَّجْرَ aš-šajra |
شَجْرَ šajra |
Genitive | شَجْرٍ šajrin |
الشَّجْرِ aš-šajri |
شَجْرِ šajri |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | شَجْرَيْن šajrayn |
الشَّجْرَيْن aš-šajrayn |
شَجْرَيْ šajray |
Nominative | شَجْرَانِ šajrāni |
الشَّجْرَانِ aš-šajrāni |
شَجْرَا šajrā |
Accusative | شَجْرَيْنِ šajrayni |
الشَّجْرَيْنِ aš-šajrayni |
شَجْرَيْ šajray |
Genitive | شَجْرَيْنِ šajrayni |
الشَّجْرَيْنِ aš-šajrayni |
شَجْرَيْ šajray |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَشْجَار; شُجُور; شِجَار ʔašjār; šujūr; šijār |
الْأَشْجَار; الشُّجُور; الشِّجَار al-ʔašjār; aš-šujūr; aš-šijār |
أَشْجَار; شُجُور; شِجَار ʔašjār; šujūr; šijār |
Nominative | أَشْجَارٌ; شُجُورٌ; شِجَارٌ ʔašjārun; šujūrun; šijārun |
الْأَشْجَارُ; الشُّجُورُ; الشِّجَارُ al-ʔašjāru; aš-šujūru; aš-šijāru |
أَشْجَارُ; شُجُورُ; شِجَارُ ʔašjāru; šujūru; šijāru |
Accusative | أَشْجَارًا; شُجُورًا; شِجَارًا ʔašjāran; šujūran; šijāran |
الْأَشْجَارَ; الشُّجُورَ; الشِّجَارَ al-ʔašjāra; aš-šujūra; aš-šijāra |
أَشْجَارَ; شُجُورَ; شِجَارَ ʔašjāra; šujūra; šijāra |
Genitive | أَشْجَارٍ; شُجُورٍ; شِجَارٍ ʔašjārin; šujūrin; šijārin |
الْأَشْجَارِ; الشُّجُورِ; الشِّجَارِ al-ʔašjāri; aš-šujūri; aš-šijāri |
أَشْجَارِ; شُجُورِ; شِجَارِ ʔašjāri; šujūri; šijāri |
Persian
editEtymology
editPronunciation
edit- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ʃa.ˈd͡ʒaɾ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʃæ.d͡ʒǽɹ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʃä.d͡ʒǽɾ]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | šajar |
Dari reading? | šajar |
Iranian reading? | šajar |
Tajik reading? | šajar |
Noun
editDari | شجر |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | шаҷар |
South Levantine Arabic
editRoot |
---|
ش ج ر |
2 terms |
Alternative forms
edit- سجر (sajar, Galilee)
Etymology
editPronunciation
editNoun
editشجر • (šajar) m (collective, singulative شجرة f (šajara), paucal شجرات (šajarāt))
- (collective) trees
See also
editUrdu
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Classical Persian شجر (šajar), itself from Arabic شَجَر (šajar).
Pronunciation
edit- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /ʃə.d͡ʒəɾ/
- Rhymes: -əɾ
- Hyphenation: شَ‧جَر
Noun
editشَجَر • (śajar) m (formal plural اشجار, Hindi spelling शजर)
- (formal or poetic) tree
- 2010, Javed Akhtar, Jidhar Jaate Hain Sab [Whither Everyone Goes] :
- بلندی پر انہیں مٹی کی خوشبو تک نہیں آتی
یہ وہ شاخیں ہیں جن کو اب شجر اچھا نہیں لگتا- bulandī par unhẽ miṭṭī kī xuśbū tak nahī̃ ātī
ye vo śāxẽ haĩ jin ko ab śajar acchā nahī̃ lagtā. - At that lofty height, the fragrance of the soil does not reach
Those branches, to whom the tree no longer seems good.
- bulandī par unhẽ miṭṭī kī xuśbū tak nahī̃ ātī
- بلندی پر انہیں مٹی کی خوشبو تک نہیں آتی
Further reading
edit- “شجر”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
- “شجر”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
- Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “شجر”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ش ج ر
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic verbs
- Arabic form-I verbs
- Arabic sound form-I verbs
- Arabic form-I verbs with past vowel a and non-past vowel u
- Arabic verbs lacking passive forms
- Arabic verbs with full passive
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- Arabic verbal nouns
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
- Arabic collective nouns
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote collective
- Arabic nouns with triptote singulative in -a
- Arabic nouns with sound feminine paucal
- Arabic nouns with broken plural
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote broken plural
- Andalusian Arabic
- Moroccan Arabic
- Arabic form-II verbs
- Arabic sound form-II verbs
- ar:Mulberry family plants
- ar:Body parts
- Persian terms derived from Arabic
- Persian terms derived from the Arabic root ش ج ر
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Persian lemmas
- Persian nouns
- Persian terms with rare senses
- fa:Trees
- South Levantine Arabic terms belonging to the root ش ج ر
- South Levantine Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
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- ajp:Forests
- ajp:Trees
- Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Arabic
- Urdu terms derived from the Arabic root ش ج ر
- Urdu terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Urdu/əɾ
- Rhymes:Urdu/əɾ/2 syllables
- Urdu lemmas
- Urdu nouns
- Urdu masculine nouns
- Urdu formal terms
- Urdu poetic terms
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- ur:Trees