صاحب

See also: صاحت

Arabic

Root
ص ح ب (ṣ ḥ b)
14 terms

Etymology

Derived from the active participle of صَحِبَ (ṣaḥiba, “to accompany”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sˤaː.ħib/

Noun

صَاحِب • (ṣāḥib) m (plural أَصْحَاب (ʔaṣḥāb) or صُحْبَان (ṣuḥbān) or صِحَاب (ṣiḥāb) or صَحْب (ṣaḥb), feminine صَاحِبَة (ṣāḥiba))

1. associate, companion, comrade, friend

   صَاحِبِي فِي الْعَمَلِ مُسَاعِدٌ جَيِّدٌ وَنَتَعَاوَنُ مَعًا بِشَكْلٍ مُمْتَازٍ.

   ṣāḥibī fī l-ʕamali musāʕidun jayyidun wanataʕāwanu maʕan bišaklin mumtāzin.

   My colleague at work is a helpful and cooperative person, and we work together in a harmonious manner.

2. adherent, follower
3. (with a following genitive) man, owner, possessor, holder, master, lord, commander, representative, author

   Synonym: ذُو (ḏū)

   Hyponym: مَالِك (mālik)

4. inhabitant, dweller
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 9:70:

     أَلَمْ يَأْتِهِمْ نَبَأُ الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ قَوْمِ نُوحٍ وَعَادٍ وَثَمُودَ وَقَوْمِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَأَصْحَابِ مَدْيَنَ وَالْمُؤْتَفِكَاتِ ۚ أَتَتْهُمْ رُسُلُهُم بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ ۖ فَمَا كَانَ اللَّهُ لِيَظْلِمَهُمْ وَلَٰكِن كَانُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ يَظْلِمُونَ

     ʔalam yaʔtihim nabaʔu llaḏīna min qablihim qawmi nūḥin waʕādin waṯamūda waqawmi ʔibrāhīma waʔaṣḥābi madyana wālmuʔtafikāti ʔatathum rusuluhum bi-l-bayyināti famā kāna l-lahu liyaẓlimahum walākin kānū ʔanfusahum yaẓlimūna

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

5. warden
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 74:31:

     وَمَا جَعَلْنَا أَصْحَابَ النَّارِ إِلَّا مَلَائِكَةً […]

     wamā jaʕalnā ʔaṣḥāba an-nāri ʔillā malāʔikatan […]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension

Declension of noun صَاحِب (ṣāḥib)

Singular	Masculine			Feminine
	basic singular triptote			singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	صَاحِب ṣāḥib	الصَّاحِب aṣ-ṣāḥib	صَاحِب ṣāḥib	صَاحِبَة ṣāḥiba	الصَّاحِبَة aṣ-ṣāḥiba	صَاحِبَة ṣāḥibat
Nominative	صَاحِبٌ ṣāḥibun	الصَّاحِبُ aṣ-ṣāḥibu	صَاحِبُ ṣāḥibu	صَاحِبَةٌ ṣāḥibatun	الصَّاحِبَةُ aṣ-ṣāḥibatu	صَاحِبَةُ ṣāḥibatu
Accusative	صَاحِبًا ṣāḥiban	الصَّاحِبَ aṣ-ṣāḥiba	صَاحِبَ ṣāḥiba	صَاحِبَةً ṣāḥibatan	الصَّاحِبَةَ aṣ-ṣāḥibata	صَاحِبَةَ ṣāḥibata
Genitive	صَاحِبٍ ṣāḥibin	الصَّاحِبِ aṣ-ṣāḥibi	صَاحِبِ ṣāḥibi	صَاحِبَةٍ ṣāḥibatin	الصَّاحِبَةِ aṣ-ṣāḥibati	صَاحِبَةِ ṣāḥibati
Dual	Masculine			Feminine
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	صَاحِبَيْن ṣāḥibayn	الصَّاحِبَيْن aṣ-ṣāḥibayn	صَاحِبَيْ ṣāḥibay	صَاحِبَتَيْن ṣāḥibatayn	الصَّاحِبَتَيْن aṣ-ṣāḥibatayn	صَاحِبَتَيْ ṣāḥibatay
Nominative	صَاحِبَانِ ṣāḥibāni	الصَّاحِبَانِ aṣ-ṣāḥibāni	صَاحِبَا ṣāḥibā	صَاحِبَتَانِ ṣāḥibatāni	الصَّاحِبَتَانِ aṣ-ṣāḥibatāni	صَاحِبَتَا ṣāḥibatā
Accusative	صَاحِبَيْنِ ṣāḥibayni	الصَّاحِبَيْنِ aṣ-ṣāḥibayni	صَاحِبَيْ ṣāḥibay	صَاحِبَتَيْنِ ṣāḥibatayni	الصَّاحِبَتَيْنِ aṣ-ṣāḥibatayni	صَاحِبَتَيْ ṣāḥibatay
Genitive	صَاحِبَيْنِ ṣāḥibayni	الصَّاحِبَيْنِ aṣ-ṣāḥibayni	صَاحِبَيْ ṣāḥibay	صَاحِبَتَيْنِ ṣāḥibatayni	الصَّاحِبَتَيْنِ aṣ-ṣāḥibatayni	صَاحِبَتَيْ ṣāḥibatay
Plural	Masculine			Feminine
	basic broken plural triptote			sound feminine plural‎; basic broken plural diptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَصْحَاب‎; صُحْبَان‎; صِحَاب‎; صَحْب ʔaṣḥāb‎; ṣuḥbān‎; ṣiḥāb‎; ṣaḥb	الْأَصْحَاب‎; الصُّحْبَان‎; الصِّحَاب‎; الصَّحْب al-ʔaṣḥāb‎; aṣ-ṣuḥbān‎; aṣ-ṣiḥāb‎; aṣ-ṣaḥb	أَصْحَاب‎; صُحْبَان‎; صِحَاب‎; صَحْب ʔaṣḥāb‎; ṣuḥbān‎; ṣiḥāb‎; ṣaḥb	صَاحِبَات‎; صَوَاحِب ṣāḥibāt‎; ṣawāḥib	الصَّاحِبَات‎; الصَّوَاحِب aṣ-ṣāḥibāt‎; aṣ-ṣawāḥib	صَاحِبَات‎; صَوَاحِب ṣāḥibāt‎; ṣawāḥib
Nominative	أَصْحَابٌ‎; صُحْبَانٌ‎; صِحَابٌ‎; صَحْبٌ ʔaṣḥābun‎; ṣuḥbānun‎; ṣiḥābun‎; ṣaḥbun	الْأَصْحَابُ‎; الصُّحْبَانُ‎; الصِّحَابُ‎; الصَّحْبُ al-ʔaṣḥābu‎; aṣ-ṣuḥbānu‎; aṣ-ṣiḥābu‎; aṣ-ṣaḥbu	أَصْحَابُ‎; صُحْبَانُ‎; صِحَابُ‎; صَحْبُ ʔaṣḥābu‎; ṣuḥbānu‎; ṣiḥābu‎; ṣaḥbu	صَاحِبَاتٌ‎; صَوَاحِبُ ṣāḥibātun‎; ṣawāḥibu	الصَّاحِبَاتُ‎; الصَّوَاحِبُ aṣ-ṣāḥibātu‎; aṣ-ṣawāḥibu	صَاحِبَاتُ‎; صَوَاحِبُ ṣāḥibātu‎; ṣawāḥibu
Accusative	أَصْحَابًا‎; صُحْبَانًا‎; صِحَابًا‎; صَحْبًا ʔaṣḥāban‎; ṣuḥbānan‎; ṣiḥāban‎; ṣaḥban	الْأَصْحَابَ‎; الصُّحْبَانَ‎; الصِّحَابَ‎; الصَّحْبَ al-ʔaṣḥāba‎; aṣ-ṣuḥbāna‎; aṣ-ṣiḥāba‎; aṣ-ṣaḥba	أَصْحَابَ‎; صُحْبَانَ‎; صِحَابَ‎; صَحْبَ ʔaṣḥāba‎; ṣuḥbāna‎; ṣiḥāba‎; ṣaḥba	صَاحِبَاتٍ‎; صَوَاحِبَ ṣāḥibātin‎; ṣawāḥiba	الصَّاحِبَاتِ‎; الصَّوَاحِبَ aṣ-ṣāḥibāti‎; aṣ-ṣawāḥiba	صَاحِبَاتِ‎; صَوَاحِبَ ṣāḥibāti‎; ṣawāḥiba
Genitive	أَصْحَابٍ‎; صُحْبَانٍ‎; صِحَابٍ‎; صَحْبٍ ʔaṣḥābin‎; ṣuḥbānin‎; ṣiḥābin‎; ṣaḥbin	الْأَصْحَابِ‎; الصُّحْبَانِ‎; الصِّحَابِ‎; الصَّحْبِ al-ʔaṣḥābi‎; aṣ-ṣuḥbāni‎; aṣ-ṣiḥābi‎; aṣ-ṣaḥbi	أَصْحَابِ‎; صُحْبَانِ‎; صِحَابِ‎; صَحْبِ ʔaṣḥābi‎; ṣuḥbāni‎; ṣiḥābi‎; ṣaḥbi	صَاحِبَاتٍ‎; صَوَاحِبَ ṣāḥibātin‎; ṣawāḥiba	الصَّاحِبَاتِ‎; الصَّوَاحِبِ aṣ-ṣāḥibāti‎; aṣ-ṣawāḥibi	صَاحِبَاتِ‎; صَوَاحِبِ ṣāḥibāti‎; ṣawāḥibi

Derived terms

• يَا صَاحِ (yā ṣāḥi)

Descendants

• Maltese: sieħeb
• → Armenian: սոհբաթ (sohbatʻ)
• → Azerbaijani: sahib
• → Indonesian: sohib
• → Ottoman Turkish: صاحب
  • Turkish: sahip
  • → Albanian: sahib
  • → Crimean Tatar: sahip, saip
  • → Middle Armenian: սահիպ (sahip)
• → Pashto: صيب
• → Persian: صاحب
  • → Bengali: সাহেব (śaheb)
  • → Gujarati: સાહેબ (sāheb)
  • → Hindustani:

    Hindi: साहिब (sāhib), साहब (sāhab)

    Urdu: صاحب (sāhib, sāhab, sāhb, sāb)

    • → English: sahib
    • → Phalura: سیب (seéb)
    • → Ushojo: صیب (seb)
  • → Marathi: साहेब (sāheb)
  • → Punjabi: ਸਾਹਬ / صاحب (sāhab)
  • → Marwari: सायब (sāyab)
  • → Uzbek: sohib
• → Swahili: sahibu
• → Uyghur: ساھىب (sahib)

See also

• صَدِيق (ṣadīq)

Verb

صَاحَبَ • (ṣāḥaba) III (non-past يُصَاحِبُ (yuṣāḥibu), verbal noun مُصَاحَبَة (muṣāḥaba) or صِحَاب (ṣiḥāb))

1. to accompany, to go with

Conjugation

    Conjugation of صَاحَبَ (III, sound, full passive, verbal nouns مُصَاحَبَة, صِحَاب)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						مُصَاحَبَة, صِحَاب muṣāḥaba, ṣiḥāb
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُصَاحِب muṣāḥib
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُصَاحَب muṣāḥab
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	صَاحَبْتُ ṣāḥabtu	صَاحَبْتَ ṣāḥabta	صَاحَبَ ṣāḥaba		صَاحَبْتُمَا ṣāḥabtumā	صَاحَبَا ṣāḥabā		صَاحَبْنَا ṣāḥabnā	صَاحَبْتُمْ ṣāḥabtum	صَاحَبُوا ṣāḥabū
	f		صَاحَبْتِ ṣāḥabti	صَاحَبَتْ ṣāḥabat			صَاحَبَتَا ṣāḥabatā			صَاحَبْتُنَّ ṣāḥabtunna	صَاحَبْنَ ṣāḥabna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُصَاحِبُ ʔuṣāḥibu	تُصَاحِبُ tuṣāḥibu	يُصَاحِبُ yuṣāḥibu		تُصَاحِبَانِ tuṣāḥibāni	يُصَاحِبَانِ yuṣāḥibāni		نُصَاحِبُ nuṣāḥibu	تُصَاحِبُونَ tuṣāḥibūna	يُصَاحِبُونَ yuṣāḥibūna
	f		تُصَاحِبِينَ tuṣāḥibīna	تُصَاحِبُ tuṣāḥibu			تُصَاحِبَانِ tuṣāḥibāni			تُصَاحِبْنَ tuṣāḥibna	يُصَاحِبْنَ yuṣāḥibna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُصَاحِبَ ʔuṣāḥiba	تُصَاحِبَ tuṣāḥiba	يُصَاحِبَ yuṣāḥiba		تُصَاحِبَا tuṣāḥibā	يُصَاحِبَا yuṣāḥibā		نُصَاحِبَ nuṣāḥiba	تُصَاحِبُوا tuṣāḥibū	يُصَاحِبُوا yuṣāḥibū
	f		تُصَاحِبِي tuṣāḥibī	تُصَاحِبَ tuṣāḥiba			تُصَاحِبَا tuṣāḥibā			تُصَاحِبْنَ tuṣāḥibna	يُصَاحِبْنَ yuṣāḥibna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُصَاحِبْ ʔuṣāḥib	تُصَاحِبْ tuṣāḥib	يُصَاحِبْ yuṣāḥib		تُصَاحِبَا tuṣāḥibā	يُصَاحِبَا yuṣāḥibā		نُصَاحِبْ nuṣāḥib	تُصَاحِبُوا tuṣāḥibū	يُصَاحِبُوا yuṣāḥibū
	f		تُصَاحِبِي tuṣāḥibī	تُصَاحِبْ tuṣāḥib			تُصَاحِبَا tuṣāḥibā			تُصَاحِبْنَ tuṣāḥibna	يُصَاحِبْنَ yuṣāḥibna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		صَاحِبْ ṣāḥib			صَاحِبَا ṣāḥibā				صَاحِبُوا ṣāḥibū
	f		صَاحِبِي ṣāḥibī							صَاحِبْنَ ṣāḥibna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	صُوحِبْتُ ṣūḥibtu	صُوحِبْتَ ṣūḥibta	صُوحِبَ ṣūḥiba		صُوحِبْتُمَا ṣūḥibtumā	صُوحِبَا ṣūḥibā		صُوحِبْنَا ṣūḥibnā	صُوحِبْتُمْ ṣūḥibtum	صُوحِبُوا ṣūḥibū
	f		صُوحِبْتِ ṣūḥibti	صُوحِبَتْ ṣūḥibat			صُوحِبَتَا ṣūḥibatā			صُوحِبْتُنَّ ṣūḥibtunna	صُوحِبْنَ ṣūḥibna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُصَاحَبُ ʔuṣāḥabu	تُصَاحَبُ tuṣāḥabu	يُصَاحَبُ yuṣāḥabu		تُصَاحَبَانِ tuṣāḥabāni	يُصَاحَبَانِ yuṣāḥabāni		نُصَاحَبُ nuṣāḥabu	تُصَاحَبُونَ tuṣāḥabūna	يُصَاحَبُونَ yuṣāḥabūna
	f		تُصَاحَبِينَ tuṣāḥabīna	تُصَاحَبُ tuṣāḥabu			تُصَاحَبَانِ tuṣāḥabāni			تُصَاحَبْنَ tuṣāḥabna	يُصَاحَبْنَ yuṣāḥabna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُصَاحَبَ ʔuṣāḥaba	تُصَاحَبَ tuṣāḥaba	يُصَاحَبَ yuṣāḥaba		تُصَاحَبَا tuṣāḥabā	يُصَاحَبَا yuṣāḥabā		نُصَاحَبَ nuṣāḥaba	تُصَاحَبُوا tuṣāḥabū	يُصَاحَبُوا yuṣāḥabū
	f		تُصَاحَبِي tuṣāḥabī	تُصَاحَبَ tuṣāḥaba			تُصَاحَبَا tuṣāḥabā			تُصَاحَبْنَ tuṣāḥabna	يُصَاحَبْنَ yuṣāḥabna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُصَاحَبْ ʔuṣāḥab	تُصَاحَبْ tuṣāḥab	يُصَاحَبْ yuṣāḥab		تُصَاحَبَا tuṣāḥabā	يُصَاحَبَا yuṣāḥabā		نُصَاحَبْ nuṣāḥab	تُصَاحَبُوا tuṣāḥabū	يُصَاحَبُوا yuṣāḥabū
	f		تُصَاحَبِي tuṣāḥabī	تُصَاحَبْ tuṣāḥab			تُصَاحَبَا tuṣāḥabā			تُصَاحَبْنَ tuṣāḥabna	يُصَاحَبْنَ yuṣāḥabna

References

• Wehr, Hans (1979) “صحب”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ص ح ب
2 terms

Etymology

From Arabic صَاحِب (ṣāḥib).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sˤaː.ħib/, [sˤaː.ħɪb]

Noun

صاحِب • (ṣāḥib) m (plural أصْحاب (ʔaṣḥāb), feminine صاحْبة (ṣāḥba))

1. friend, companion

   أنا مَع صَاحْبي

   ʔana maʕ ṣāḥbi

   I'm with my friend

2. (with a following genitive) owner, possessor, representative

Moroccan Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic صَاحِب (ṣāḥib).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sˤaːħɪb/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

صاحب • (ṣāḥeb) m (plural صحاب (ṣḥāb), feminine صاحبة (ṣāḥba), diminutive صحيب (ṣḥiyyab))

1. friend

   Synonym: عشير (ʕšīr)

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic صَاحِب (ṣāḥib, “owner, possessor”).

Noun

صاحب • (sâhib) (feminine صاحبه (sâhibe), definite accusative صاحبی (sâhibi), plural اصحاب (eshâb))

1. owner, possessor, holder, proprietor, one who owns, holds, or possesses something

   Synonyms: ایكه (iğe, iye), مالك (mâlik)

2. patron, protector, an influential or wealthy person who protects or supports someone

   Synonym: حامی (hâmi)

Derived terms

• املاك صاحبی (emlâk sâhibi, “landowner”)
• او صاحبی (ev sâhibi, “landlord”)
• سرمایه صاحبی (sermâye sâhibi, “capitalist”)
• سوز صاحبی (söz sâhibi, “arbiter”)
• صاحب امتیاز (sâhib-i imtiyâz, “possessor of a privilege”)
• صاحب ثروت (sâhib-i servet, “man of wealth”)
• صاحب جمال (sâhib-i cemâl, “handsome man”)
• صاحب خانه (sâhib-i hâne, “landlord”)
• صاحب دل (sâhib dil, “bold, audacious”)
• صاحب دولت (sâhib-i devlet, “sovereign”)
• صاحب دین (sâhib-i din, “creditor”)
• صاحب رشد (sâhib-i rüşd, “man of good judgement”)
• صاحب رطبه (sâhib-i rütbe, “ranked soldier”)
• صاحب سكه و خطبه (sâhib-i sikke ve hutbe, “sovereign who coins money in his own name”)
• صاحب ظهور (sâhib zuhur, “one who raises himself to power”)
• صاحب فراش (sâhib firâş, “bedridden”)
• صاحب كمال (sâhib kemâl, “accomplished”)
• صاحب ناموس (sâhib-i namus, “inspired lawgiver”)
• صاحب نظر (sâhib nazar, “prudent”)
• صاحب چیقمق (sâhib çıkmak, “to advocate”)
• صاحبسز (sâhibsiz, “ownerless”)
• صاحبقران (sâhibkıran, “conqueror”)
• صاحبلك (sâhiblik, “ownership”)
• مال صاحبی (mal sâhibi, “owner of a property”)

 

Descendants

• Turkish: sahip
• → Albanian: sahib
• → Crimean Tatar: sahip, saip
• → Middle Armenian: սահիպ (sahip)

Further reading

• Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1886) “صاحب”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: E. Leroux, page 176
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “sahip”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4020
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “sahib”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎^[1] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 1093
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “صاحب”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2], Constantinople: Mihran, page 745
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Possessor”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[3], Vienna, column 1322
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “صاحب”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[4], Vienna, column 2909
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “sahip”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “صاحب”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1152

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic صَاحِب (ṣāḥib).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [sɑː.ˈhiβ], [sɑː.ˈhaβ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [sɑː.ɦɪ́b], [sɑː.ɦǽb]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [sɑː.ɦɪ́b], [sɑː.ɦǽb]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [sɑː.jɪ́b], [sɑːǽb]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [sɔː.jíb̥], [sɔːǽb̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [sɒː.ɦéb̥], [sɒː.ɦǽb̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [sɔ.ɦíb], [sɔ.ɦǽb]

Readings
Classical reading?	sāhiḇ, sāhaḇ
Dari reading?	sāhib, sāhab
Iranian reading?	sâheb, sâhab
Tajik reading?	sohib, sohab

Noun

Dari	صاحب
Iranian Persian
Tajik	соҳиб

صاحِب • (sâheb) (plural صاحبان (sâhebân) or صاحب‌ها (sâheb-hâ))

1. owner; master

   Synonym: مالک (mâlek)

   صاحب ماشین ― sâheb-e mâšin ― owner of the car

2. author

   Synonym: نویسنده (nevisande)

3. (with the ezâfe) parent (of)

   صاحب یک پسر و دختر هستم.

   sâheb-e yek pesar o doxtar hastam.

   I am the parent of a son and a daughter.

4. (Dari, Indo-Persian, very formal, otherwise dated) sir; mister; gentleman

   Synonyms: آقا (âqâ), جناب (janâb) (Dari)

5. Used, usually without the ezâfe, to form compound nouns meaning "those who possess [trait]" or "those who are distinguished by [trait]".

   ‎صاحب (sâheb) + ‎دل (del, “heart”) → ‎صاحبدل (sâhebdel, “pure-hearted person; empathetic person”)

   ‎صاحب (sâheb) + ‎سخن (soxan, “speech”) → ‎صاحب سخن (sâheb soxan, “speaker”)

Derived terms

• صاحب اختیار (sâheb extiyâr)
• صاحب اعتبار (sâheb e'tebâr)
• صاحب جمال (sâheb jamâl)
• صاحب خانه (sâheb xâne)
• صاحب خیر (sâheb xeyr)
• صاحب سخن (sâheb soxan)
• صاحب قران (sâheb qerân)
• صاحب ناموس (sâheb nâmus)
• صاحب نظر (sâheb nazar)
• صاحب نفس (sâheb nafas)
• صاحب هنر (sâheb honar)
• صاحب وجود (sâheb vojud)
• صاحب کار (sâheb kâr)
• صاحب کمال (sâheb kamâl)
• صاحبدل (sâhebdel)
• صاحب‌الزمان (sâheb-oz-zamân)

 

Descendants

• → Bengali: সাহেব (śaheb)
• → Gujarati: સાહેબ (sāheb)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: साहिब (sāhib), साहब (sāhab)

  Urdu: صاحب (sāhib, sāhab, sāhb, sāb)

  • → English: sahib
  • → Phalura: سیب (seéb)
  • → Ushojo: صیب (seb)
• → Marathi: साहेब (sāheb)
• → Punjabi: ਸਾਹਬ / صاحب (sāhab)
• → Marwari: सायब (sāyab)
• → Uzbek: sohib

Punjabi

Etymology

From Arabic صَاحِب (ṣāḥib).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Punjabi) IPA^(key): /säː˦bᵊ/

Noun

صاحب • (sāhab) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸਾਹਿਬ)

1. master
2. owner
3. lord

   Synonym: مالک (mālak)

Proper noun

صاحب • (sāhab) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸਾਹਿਬ)

1. (Sikhism) God

   Synonyms: ربّ (rab), واہےگُرو (wāhegurū)

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ص ح ب
1 term

Etymology 1

From Arabic صَاحَبَ (ṣāḥaba).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sˤaː.ħab/, [ˈsˤɑː.ħɑb]

• Audio (al-Lidd):

  (file)

Verb

صاحب • (ṣāḥab) III (present بصاحب (biṣāḥeb))

1. to befriend

   ما بحبّ تصاحب أولاد يستخدمو ألفاظ سيئة.

   mā baḥebb tṣāḥeb ʔawlād yistaḵdimu ʔalfāẓ sayʔa

   I don't like that you befriend kids who use cusswords.

2. (by extension) to become someone's boyfriend or girlfriend

Conjugation

Conjugation of صاحب (ṣāḥab)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	صاحبت (ṣāḥabt)	صاحبت (ṣāḥabt)	صاحب (ṣāḥab)		صاحبنا (ṣāḥabna)	صاحبتو (ṣāḥabtu)	صاحبو (ṣāḥabu)
	f		صاحبتي (ṣāḥabti)	صاحبت (ṣāḥabat)
present	m	بصاحب (baṣāḥeb)	بتصاحب (bitṣāḥeb)	بصاحب (biṣāḥeb)		منصاحب (minṣāḥeb)	بتصاحبو (bitṣāḥbu)	بصاحبو (biṣāḥbu)
	f		بتصاحبي (bitṣāḥbi)	بتصاحب (bitṣāḥeb)
subjunctive	m	اصاحب (aṣāḥeb)	تصاحب (tṣāḥeb)	يصاحب (yṣāḥeb)		نصاحب (nṣāḥeb)	تصاحبو (tṣāḥbu)	يصاحبو (yṣāḥbu)
	f		تصاحبي (tṣāḥbi)	تصاحب (tṣāḥeb)
imperative	m		صاحب (ṣāḥeb)				صاحبو (ṣāḥbu)
	f		صاحبي (ṣāḥbi)

Etymology 2

From Arabic صَاحِب (ṣāḥib).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sˤaː.ħeb/, [ˈsˤɑː.ħɪb]

• Audio (Jerusalem):

  (file)

Noun

صاحب • (ṣāḥeb) m (plural أصحاب (ʔaṣḥāb) or صحاب (ṣḥāb), feminine صاحبة (ṣāḥbe))

1. friend, companion

   Synonym: صديق (ṣadīq)

2. (by extension) boyfriend
3. owner, possessor

   صاحب البيت ― ṣāḥeb il-bēt ― the landlord (literally, “the owner of the house”)

   Audio (Ramallah):

   (file)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian صاحب (ṣāḥib), from Arabic صَاحِب (ṣāḥib).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /sɑː.ɦɪb/
  • (obsolete) IPA^(key): /sɑː.ɦəb/
• (Punjabic Urdu) IPA^(key): /sɑːb/, /sɑː.ɦəb/
• Rhymes: -ɪb
• Hyphenation: صا‧حِب

Noun

صاحِب • (sāhib) m (feminine صاحبہ, Hindi spelling साहिब)

1. sir
2. mister
3. lord

Further reading

• “صاحب”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “صاحب”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “صاحب”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.