Arabic

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Root
ع ش ق (ʕ š q)
5 terms

Etymology 1.1

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    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    عِشْق (ʕišqm

    1. verbal noun of عَشِقَ (ʕašiqa) (form I)
    2. liking with desire (lust), being in love; romantic love (particularly when very strong)
      عِشْقِي لَكِ كَالْوَرْدِ فِي حَدِيقَةِ قَلْبِي، يَنْمُو بِجَمَالٍ وَرَائِحَةٍ تَمْلَأ كُلِّ الزَّوَايَا.
      ʕišqī laki kālwardi fī ḥadīqati qalbī, yanmū bijamālin warāʔiḥatin tamlaʔ kulli z-zawāyā.
      My love for you is like a rose in the garden of my heart, it grows with beauty and a fragrance that fills every corner.
      • 10th century, Al-Mutanabbi, ديوان أبي الطيب المتنبي, volume 2:
        لِعَيْنَيْكِ مَا يَلْقَى ٱلْفُؤَادُ وَمَا لَقِي / وَلِلْحُبِّ مَا لَمْ يَبْقَ مِنِّي وَمَا بَقِي / وَمَا كُنْتُ مِِمَّنْ يَدْخُلُ ٱلْعِشْقُ قَلْبَهُ / وَلَٰكِنَّ مَنْ يُبْصِرْ جُفُونَكِ يَعْشَقِ
        liʕaynayki mā yalqā l-fuʔādu wamā laqī / walilḥubbi mā lam yabqa minnī wamā baqī / wamā kuntu miimman yadḵulu l-ʕišqu qalbahu / walākinna man yubṣir jufūnaki yaʕšaqi
        (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    3. passion
    Declension
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    Descendants
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    • Hijazi Arabic: عشق (ʕišg)
    • Maltese: għaxqa
    • Azerbaijani: eşq
    • Bashkir: ғишыҡ (ğişıq)
    • Ottoman Turkish: عشق (ʿaşḳ)
      > Turkish: aşk (inherited)
    • Classical Persian: عِشْق (išq)

    Etymology 1.2

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    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    عَشِقَ (ʕašiqa) I (non-past يَعْشَقُ (yaʕšaqu), verbal noun عِشْق (ʕišq))

    1. to fall in love; to love excessively; to adore
      • 10th century, Al-Mutanabbi, ديوان أبي الطيب المتنبي, volume 2:
        لِعَيْنَيْكِ مَا يَلْقَى ٱلْفُؤَادُ وَمَا لَقِي / وَلِلْحُبِّ مَا لَمْ يَبْقَ مِنِّي وَمَا بَقِي / وَمَا كُنْتُ مِِمَّنْ يَدْخُلُ ٱلْعِشْقُ قَلْبَهُ / وَلَٰكِنَّ مَنْ يُبْصِرْ جُفُونَكِ يَعْشَقِ
        liʕaynayki mā yalqā l-fuʔādu wamā laqī / walilḥubbi mā lam yabqa minnī wamā baqī / wamā kuntu miimman yadḵulu l-ʕišqu qalbahu / walākinna man yubṣir jufūnaki yaʕšaqi
        (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    Conjugation
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    Etymology 1.3

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    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    عَشَّقَ (ʕaššaqa) II (non-past يُعَشِّقُ (yuʕaššiqu), verbal noun تَعْشِيق (taʕšīq))

    1. to join
    2. to connect
    Conjugation
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    Hijazi Arabic

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    Root
    ع ش ق
    2 terms

    Etymology 1

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    From Arabic عِشْق (ʕišq).

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /ʕiʃɡ/, [ʕɪʃɡ]

    Noun

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    عِشْق (ʕišgm

    1. liking with desire(lust), being in love; romantic love (particularly when very strong)
    2. passion

    Etymology 2

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    From Arabic عَشِقَ (ʕašiqa).

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /ʕi.ʃiɡ/, [ʕɪʃɪɡ]

    Verb

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    عِشِق (ʕišig) I (non-past يِعْشَق (yiʕšag))

    1. to fall in love; to love excessively; to adore
    Conjugation
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        Conjugation of عشق (ʕišig)
    singular plural
    1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
    past m عشقت (ʕišigt) عشقت (ʕišigt) عشق (ʕišig) عشقنا (ʕišigna) عشقتوا (ʕišigtu) عشقوا (ʕišgu)
    f عشقتي (ʕišigti) عشقت (ʕišgat)
    non-past m أعشق (ʔaʕšag) تعشق (tiʕšag) يعشق (yiʕšag) نعشق (niʕšag) تعشقوا (tiʕšagu) يعشقوا (yiʕšagu)
    f تعشقي (tiʕšagi) تعشق (tiʕšag)
    imperative m اعشق (aʕšag) اعشقوا (aʕšagu)
    f اعشقي (aʕšagi)

    Etymology 3

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    From Arabic عَشَّقَ (ʕaššaqa).

    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    عَشَّق (ʕaššag) II (non-past يِعَشِّق (yiʕaššig))

    1. to connect (used with vehicle's gear)
    Conjugation
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        Conjugation of عشق (ʕaššag)
    singular plural
    1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
    past m عشقت (ʕaššagt) عشقت (ʕaššagt) عشق (ʕaššag) عشقنا (ʕaššagna) عشقتوا (ʕaššagtu) عشقوا (ʕaššagu)
    f عشقتي (ʕaššagti) عشقت (ʕaššagat)
    non-past m أعشق (ʔaʕaššig) تعشق (tiʕaššig) يعشق (yiʕaššig) نعشق (niʕaššig) تعشقوا (tiʕaššigu) يعشقوا (yiʕaššigu)
    f تعشقي (tiʕaššigi) تعشق (tiʕaššig)
    imperative m عشق (ʕaššig) عشقوا (ʕaššigu)
    f عشقي (ʕaššigi)

    Persian

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    Etymology

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      Borrowed from Arabic عِشْق (ʕišq).

      Pronunciation

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      Readings
      Classical reading? išq
      Dari reading? išq
      Iranian reading? ešğ
      Tajik reading? išq
      • Audio (Iran):(file)

      Noun

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      Dari عشق
      Iranian Persian
      Tajik ишқ

      عِشْق ('ešq) (plural عشق‌ها ('ešq-hâ))

      1. love (romantic emotion); passion
        دَرْدِ عِشْقdard-e 'ešqpain of love
      2. one's love, the beloved
        عِشْقِ مَنešq-e manmy love

      Usage notes

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      • Unlike the Arabic word, Persian عشق does not have an overtone of “excessive” or “crazy love”.

      Derived terms

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      Descendants

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      South Levantine Arabic

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      Root
      ع ش ق
      1 term

      Etymology 1

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      From Arabic عَشِقَ (ʕašiqa).

      Pronunciation

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      • IPA(key): (Urban) /ʕi.ʃiʔ/, [ˈʕi.ʃɪʔ]
      • IPA(key): (Bedouin) /ʕi.ʃiɡ/, [ˈʕi.ʃɪɡ]
      • Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

      Verb

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      عشق (ʕišiʔ) I (present بعشق (biʕšaʔ))

      1. to fall in love
        Synonym: وقع بغرام (wiʔiʕ bi-ḡarām)
      2. to absorb a smell (of fabric)
      Conjugation
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          Conjugation of عشق (ʕišiʔ)
      singular plural
      1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
      past m عشقت (ʕšiʔt) عشقت (ʕšiʔt) عشق (ʕišiʔ) عشقنا (ʕšiʔna) عشقتو (ʕšiʔtu) عشقو (ʕišʔu)
      f عشقتي (ʕšiʔti) عشقت (ʕišʔat)
      present m بعشق (baʕšaʔ) بتعشق (btiʕšaʔ) بعشق (biʕšaʔ) منعشق (mniʕšaʔ) بتعشقو (btiʕšaʔu) بعشقو (biʕšaʔu)
      f بتعشقي (btiʕšaʔi) بتعشق (btiʕšaʔ)
      subjunctive m أعشق (ʔaʕšaʔ) تعشق (tiʕšaʔ) يعشق (yiʕšaʔ) نعشق (niʕšaʔ) تعشقو (tiʕšaʔu) يعشقو (yiʕšaʔu)
      f تعشقي (tiʕšaʔi) تعشق (tiʕšaʔ)
      imperative m اعشق (iʕšaʔ) اعشقو (iʕšaʔu)
      f اعشقي (iʕšaʔi)

      Etymology 2

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      Learned borrowing from Arabic عِشْق (ʕišq).

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      عشق (ʕišqm

      1. love, passion, infatuation
        Synonym: غرام (ḡarām)
      See also
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      Urdu

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      Urdu Wikipedia has an article on:
      Wikipedia ur

      Etymology

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        Borrowed from Classical Persian عِشْق (išq), borrowed from Arabic عِشْق (ʕišq). First attested in c. 1564 as Middle Hindi عشق ('śq /⁠'iśq⁠/).[1]

        Pronunciation

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        Noun

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        عِشْق ('iśqm (Hindi spelling इश्क़)

        1. love (intense love, passionate love)
          Synonyms: پْیار (pyār), مُحَبَّت (muhabbat), پْریم (prem)
          تیرے عشق میں ہم نے کیا کیا نہ دیکھا؟
          tere iśq mẽ ham ne kyā kyā na dekhā?
          What did I not see in your love?
        2. (figuratively) passion
          Synonym: جَذْبَہ (jazba)

        Declension

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            Declension of عشق
        singular plural
        direct عِشْق ('iśq) عِشْق ('iśq)
        oblique عِشْق ('iśq) عِشْقوں ('iśqõ)
        vocative عِشْق ('iśq) عِشْقو ('iśqo)

        References

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        1. ^ عشق”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.

        Further reading

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        • عشق”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
        • Fallon, Platts, Qureshi, Shakespear (2024) “عشق”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Urdu Dictionaries]
          NODES
        see 3