مرهم

Arabic

Root
ر ه م (r h m)
1 term

Etymology

Probably borrowed from a Middle Persian medical foreignism taken from Ancient Greek μάλαγμα (málagma), which later during the science translation movement was borrowed directly by Arabic from Greek as مَلْغَم (malḡam).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mar.ham/

Noun

مَرْهَم • (marham) m (plural مَرَاهِم (marāhim))

1. ointment, cream, pomade
2. lying, invective

Declension

Declension of noun مَرْهَم (marham)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَرْهَم marham	الْمَرْهَم al-marham	مَرْهَم marham
Nominative	مَرْهَمٌ marhamun	الْمَرْهَمُ al-marhamu	مَرْهَمُ marhamu
Accusative	مَرْهَمًا marhaman	الْمَرْهَمَ al-marhama	مَرْهَمَ marhama
Genitive	مَرْهَمٍ marhamin	الْمَرْهَمِ al-marhami	مَرْهَمِ marhami
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَرْهَمَيْن marhamayn	الْمَرْهَمَيْن al-marhamayn	مَرْهَمَيْ marhamay
Nominative	مَرْهَمَانِ marhamāni	الْمَرْهَمَانِ al-marhamāni	مَرْهَمَا marhamā
Accusative	مَرْهَمَيْنِ marhamayni	الْمَرْهَمَيْنِ al-marhamayni	مَرْهَمَيْ marhamay
Genitive	مَرْهَمَيْنِ marhamayni	الْمَرْهَمَيْنِ al-marhamayni	مَرْهَمَيْ marhamay
Plural	basic broken plural diptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَرَاهِم marāhim	الْمَرَاهِم al-marāhim	مَرَاهِم marāhim
Nominative	مَرَاهِمُ marāhimu	الْمَرَاهِمُ al-marāhimu	مَرَاهِمُ marāhimu
Accusative	مَرَاهِمَ marāhima	الْمَرَاهِمَ al-marāhima	مَرَاهِمَ marāhima
Genitive	مَرَاهِمَ marāhima	الْمَرَاهِمِ al-marāhimi	مَرَاهِمِ marāhimi

Descendants

• → Middle Armenian: մորհամ (morham), մէրհեմ (mērhem), մէրհէմ (mērhēm), մլհամ (mlham)
• → Persian: مرهم (marham), ملهم (malham)
  • → Azerbaijani: məlhəm
  • → Hindustani

    Hindi: मरहम (marham), मलहम (malham)

    Urdu: مرہم (marham)

  • → Middle Bengali: মলহম (molhom)
    • Bengali: মলম (molom)
  • → Ottoman Turkish: مرهم (merhem), ملهم (melhem)
    • Turkish: merhem
    • → Albanian: melhem
    • → Armenian: մէհլէմ (mēhlēm), մա̈հլա̈մ (mähläm)
    • → Bulgarian: мехле́м (mehlém)
    • → Georgian: მალამო (malamo)
    • → Romanian: mehlem
    • → Serbo-Croatian:

      Cyrillic script: мѐлем

      Latin script: mèlem

  • → Pashto: ملهم (malám)
  • → Turkmen: melhem
  • → Uyghur: مەلھەم (melhem)
  • → Uzbek: malham
• → Swahili: marhamu

References

• Ahmad Mukhtar Umar, Muʿjam al-Lugha al-ʿArabīya al-Muʿāṣira (d. 2003 CE) معجم اللغة العربية المعاصرة لأحمد مختار عمر
• Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 563, mistaking it as a native Middle Iranian word equalling Classical Persian بَر هَم (bar ham, “together”)
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “مرهم”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[1], London: Williams & Norgate, page 1172a

Ottoman Turkish

Alternative forms

• ملهم (melhem)

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic مَرْهَم (marham, “ointment, pomade”).

Noun

مرهم • (merhem) (plural مراهم (merahim))

1. ointment, salve, pomade, any viscous preparation used as a treatment or as an emollient

Derived terms

• آق مرهم (ak merhem, “zinc ointment”)
• اویوز مرهم (uyuz merhem, “sulphur ointment”)
• جیوه مرهم (cıva merhem, “ointment of mercury”)
• سرور مرهم (surur merhem, “red precipitate ointment”)
• مرهم اولمق (merhem olmak, “to be the solution to a problem”)
• مرهم سورمك (merhem sürmek, “to apply an ointment”)
• مرهمجی (merhemci, “maker or seller of ointments”)
• مرهملو (merhemli, “dressed with ointment”)
• چوبان مرهم (çoban merhem, “ointment of mastic”)

 

Descendants

• Turkish: merhem
• → Albanian: melhem
• → Armenian: մէհլէմ (mēhlēm), մա̈հլա̈մ (mähläm)
• → Bulgarian: мехле́м (mehlém)
• → Georgian: მალამო (malamo)
• → Romanian: mehlem
• → Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic script: мѐлем

  Latin script: mèlem

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “merhem”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3152
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “merhem”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎^[2] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 742
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “مرهم”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[3], Constantinople: Mihran, page 1153
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Emplastrum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[4], Vienna, column 465
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “مرهم”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[5], Vienna, column 4588
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “merhem”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “مرهم”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[6], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1818