چاق

See also: جاف, خاف, and حاق

Khalaj

Adjective

چاق (çâq)

Arabic spelling of çâq (“thick”)

Ottoman Turkish

Adverb

چاق • (çak)

Descendants

Turkish: çak

Persian

Etymology

Doublet of (čâğ) and from the same Turkic source as the former.^[1] The semantic development must have been along the lines of 'measure of something' → 'in high measure' → 'strong'^[2] → 'thick, healthy, sound' etc. Compare Uzbek chogʻ (“happy, gay, joyful”), Azerbaijani çağ (“healthy; well-fed; happy”) for a similar development. Cognate with Talysh çok (“good”). Persian (čâğ) was borrowed from a parallel track of semantic development, 'measure of something' → 'measure of time' → 'time'.

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃɑːq]

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰɑːq]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰɑːq]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰɔːq]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰɒːɢ̥]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰɔq]

Readings
Classical reading^?	čāq
Dari reading^?	čāq
Iranian reading^?	čâğ
Tajik reading^?	čoq

Adjective


Iranian Persian	چاق
Dari	چاق
Tajik	чоқ

چاق • (čâq) (comparative چاق‌تَر (čâq-tar), superlative چاق‌تَرین (čâq-tarin))

fat, overweight
Synonyms: فربه (farbe), شکم‌گنده (šekam-gonde)

Antonym: لاغر (lâğar)

― se kilo čâq šode-am. ― I gained three kilograms.
(colloquial) thick
(colloquial) healthy, sound
― damâğ-et čâq-e? ― you doin' well?!

Derived terms

چاق شدن (čâq šodan)
چاق کردن (čâq kardan)

Descendants

→ Armenian: չաղ (čʻaġ)
→ Hindustani:
Urdu: چاق (cāq)
→ Khalaj: çâq

References

^ Doerfer, Gerhard (1967) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 20)‎^[1] (in German), volume 3, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, § 1047, page 29
^ Doerfer, Gerhard (1967) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 20)‎^[2] (in German), volume 3, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, § 1045, page 26

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian (čāq), from Turkic.

Pronunciation

(Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃɑːq/
Rhymes: -ɑːq

Adjective

چاق • (cāq) (Hindi spelling चाक़)

References

“چاق”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
“چاق”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.

[1] Doerfer, Gerhard (1967) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 20)‎^[1] (in German), volume 3, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, § 1047, page 29

[2] Doerfer, Gerhard (1967) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 20)‎^[2] (in German), volume 3, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, § 1045, page 26

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