گرز

See also: گزر, كرز, and ك ر ر

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian [script needed] (wlz /⁠warz⁠/, “mace”), from earlier [script needed] (wzl /⁠wazr⁠/), from Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬰𐬭𐬀 (vazra, “mace; main weapon of Mithra”), from Proto-Iranian *wájrah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wáȷ́ras. Cognate with Sanskrit वज्र (vájra, “thunderbolt; especially that of Indra”), Erzya: узере (uźeŕe, “axe”) and Northern Sami: veahčir (“hammer”), as well as akin to Old Armenian վարզ (varz, “mace”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ɡuɾz]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡʊɹz]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡʊɹz]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ɡʊɹz]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ɡuɹz]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡ̥oɹz]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡuɹz]

Readings
Classical reading?	gurz
Dari reading?	gurz
Iranian reading?	gorz
Tajik reading?	gurz

Noun

Dari	گرز
Iranian Persian
Tajik	гурз

گرز • (gorz) (plural گرزها (gorz-hâ))

1. mace, club

   Synonyms: گرزه (gorze), کوپال (kupâl)

Descendants

• → Armenian: գուրզ (gurz)
• → Ottoman Turkish: گرز
  • → Turkish: gürz
• → Hindustani:
  • → Hindi: गुर्ज़ (gurz)
  • → Urdu: گرز (gurz)
• → Chagatai: گرز
• → Kazakh: гүрзі (gürzı), күрзі (kürzı)

References

• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “warz”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “گرز+gurz”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul

Urdu

An Indo-Persian گرز (gurz, "mace", "club") from the 17^th century

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian گُرْز (gurz). In the Indo-Persian tradition, it became associated with lightning-bolts, thunder and storms. It became a metaphor for strength and force as well, especially in relation to the warrior and fighter.(Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ɡʊɾz/
• Rhymes: -ʊɾz

Noun

گُرْز • (gurz) m (Hindi spelling गुर्ज़)

1. club, mace
2. lightning bolt, thunderbolt (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)
3. thunder, thunderstorm (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)
4. strength, might, vigor (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)
5. power, force (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)
6. a weapon wielded by Faridun in the Shahnameh (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)

Derived terms

• گُرْزبازی (gurzbazī)
• گُرْزبَرْدار (gurz-bárdār)
• گُرْزدار (gurzdār)
• گُرْزِگاوْسَر/گاؤسَر (gurz-e-gāvsár/gurz-e-gāosár)
• گُرْزگیر (gurzgīr)

Further reading

• S. W. Fallon (1879) “گرز”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co., page 996
• Platts, John T. (1884) “گرز”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., page 904
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “گرز”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co., page 521
• “گرز”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
• John Shakespear (1834) “گرز”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3^rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC
• “گرز”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.