ܛܝܪܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

ܛܝܪܐ (ܚܝܘܬܐ)

Etymology 1

Root
ܛ ܘ ܪ (ṭ w r)
2 terms

From Aramaic טַיְרָא (ṭayrā); compare the same in Arabic طَائِر (ṭāʔir).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [tˤaj.rɑː]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [tˤeːrɑː]
• (Tyari) IPA^(key): [tˤaj.rɑ]

Noun

ܛܲܝܪܵܐ • (ṭayrā) m or f (plural ܛܲܝܪܹ̈ܐ (ṭayrē))

1. bird (warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrate animal with feathers, wings, and a beak)

   ܛܲܝܪܵܐ ܒܛܘܼܪܵܐ ܝܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܒܸܙܡܵܪܵܐ.

   ṭayrā b-ṭūrā ìwā bizmārā.

   The bird was in the mountain singing.

   • Proverbs 27:8:

     ܐܲܝܟ݂ ܛܲܝܪܵܐ ܕܥܵܪܹܩ ܡ̣ܢ ܩܸܢܹܗ، ܗܵܕܟ݂ܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܐ݇ܢܵܫܵܐ ܕܥܵܪܹܩ ܡ̣ܢ ܒܲܝܬܹܗ.

     ayḵ ṭayrā d-ˁārēq min qinnēh, hādḵā ìlēh nāšā d-ˁārēq min baytēh.

     Like a bird that wanders from its nest, Is a man who wanders from his place.

   • Matthew 13:4:

     ܟܲܕ ܒܸܙܪܵܥܵܐ ܝܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܒܲܪܙܲܪܥܵܐ، ܐܝܼܬ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܕܢܦܝܼܠ ܠܹܗ ܥܲܠ ܡܲܪܙܵܐ ܕܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ، ܘܐ݇ܬܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܛܲܝܪܹ̈ܐ ܘܠܩܝܼܛ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܐܸܠܹܗ.

     kad bizrāˁā ìwā barzarˁā, īt wā d-npīl lēh ˁal marzā d-urḥā, w-tē lhōn ṭayrē w-l-qīṭ lhōn illēh.

     As he was scattering the seeds, some fell along the path, and the birds came and ate it up.

Usage notes

While this word is traditionally feminine, it is masculine in Iraqi Koine.

Inflection

Inflection of ܛܲܝܪܵܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	–		1st person	ܛܲܝܪܝܼ (ṭayrī)		ܛܲܝܪܲܢ (ṭayran)
	construct	ܛܲܝܪ (ṭayr)		2nd person	ܛܲܝܪܘܼܟ݂ (ṭayrūḵ)	ܛܲܝܪܵܟ݂ܝ (ṭayrāḵ)	ܛܲܝܪܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ṭayrāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܛܲܝܪܵܐ (ṭayrā)		3rd person	ܛܲܝܪܹܗ (ṭayrēh)	ܛܲܝܪܵܗ̇ (ṭayrāh)	ܛܲܝܪܗܘܿܢ (ṭayrhōn)
plural	absolute	–		1st person	ܛܲܝܪ̈ܝܼ (ṭayrī)		ܛܲܝܪ̈ܲܢ (ṭayran)
	construct	ܛܲܝܪ̈ܲܝ (ṭayray)		2nd person	ܛܲܝܪ̈ܘܼܟ݂ (ṭayrūḵ)	ܛܲܝܪ̈ܵܟ݂ܝ (ṭayrāḵ)	ܛܲܝܪ̈ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ṭayrāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܛܲܝܪܹ̈ܐ (ṭayrē)		3rd person	ܛܲܝܪ̈ܘܼܗܝ (ṭayrūh)	ܛܲܝܪ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (ṭayrōh)	ܛܲܝܪ̈ܗܘܿܢ (ṭayrhōn)

Etymology 2

ܛܝܪܐ (ܓܘܡܢܐ ܕܥܪ̈ܒܐ)

From Aramaic טְיָרָא (ṭyārā); related to Hebrew טִירָה (tirá).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [tˤ(ə).jɑːrɑː]

Noun

ܛܝܵܪܵܐ • (ṭyārā) m (plural ܛܝܵܪܹ̈ܐ (ṭyārē))

1. sheepfold, enclosure

   ܐܲܟܵܪܵܐ ܘܪܵܥܝܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܢܵܛܪܝܼ ܒܲܕ̈ܠܹܐ ܥܲܠ ܥܸܪ̈ܒܗܘܿܢ ܘܒܸܩܪܗܘܿܢ ܚܒ݂ܝܼܫܵܐ ܓܵܘ ܛܝܵܪܵܐ.

   The farmer and shepherd watch over their sheep and cattle enclosed in the sheepfold.

Inflection

Inflection of ܛܝܵܪܵܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	–		1st person	ܛܝܵܪܝܼ (ṭyārī)		ܛܝܵܪܲܢ (ṭyāran)
	construct	ܛܝܵܪ (ṭyār)		2nd person	ܛܝܵܪܘܼܟ݂ (ṭyārūḵ)	ܛܝܵܪܵܟ݂ܝ (ṭyārāḵ)	ܛܝܵܪܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ṭyārāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܛܝܵܪܵܐ (ṭyārā)		3rd person	ܛܝܵܪܹܗ (ṭyārēh)	ܛܝܵܪܵܗ̇ (ṭyārāh)	ܛܝܵܪܗܘܿܢ (ṭyārhōn)
plural	absolute	–		1st person	ܛܝܵܪ̈ܝܼ (ṭyārī)		ܛܝܵܪ̈ܲܢ (ṭyāran)
	construct	ܛܝܵܪ̈ܲܝ (ṭyāray)		2nd person	ܛܝܵܪ̈ܘܼܟ݂ (ṭyārūḵ)	ܛܝܵܪ̈ܵܟ݂ܝ (ṭyārāḵ)	ܛܝܵܪ̈ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ṭyārāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܛܝܵܪܹ̈ܐ (ṭyārē)		3rd person	ܛܝܵܪ̈ܘܼܗܝ (ṭyārūh)	ܛܝܵܪ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (ṭyārōh)	ܛܝܵܪ̈ܗܘܿܢ (ṭyārhōn)

Etymology 3

Literally, “The sheepfolds”. From the plural of the above, referring to them being renowned for their textiles spun and woven from sheep's wool, and their yogurt, cheese and other dairy products made from sheep or goat's milk.

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [tˤ(ə).jɑːreː]
• (Tyari) IPA^(key): [tˤ(ə).jɑːreː], [tjɑːreː]

Proper noun

ܛܝܵܪܹ̈ܐ • (ṭyārē) f

1. Tyari (Assyrian tribe and district within Hakkari on the western bank of the Zab river, traditionally divided into Upper and Lower Tyari)

   Meronyms: ܛܝܵܪܹܐ ܥܸܠܵܝܬܵܐ (ṭyārē ˁillāytā, “Upper Tyari”), ܛܝܵܪܹܐ ܬܲܚܬܵܝܬܵܐ (ṭyārē taḥtāytā, “Lower Tyari”)

Derived terms

• ܛܝܵܪܵܝܵܐ (ṭyārāyā)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From the root ܛ-ܘ-ܪ (ṭ-w-r) related to flying. Compare Arabic طَيْر (ṭayr).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tˤajrɑ(ʔ)] (in the singular)
• IPA^(key): [tˤajre(ʔ)] (in the plural)

Noun

ܛܝܪܐ • (ṭayrā) f (plural ܛܝܪܐ)

1. bird (especially bird of prey), birds

   Synonyms: ܨܦܪܐ, ܦܪܚܬܐ, ܥܘܦܐ, ܚܛܘܦܐ, ܦܪܘܚܐ

2. winged insect

Inflection

Inflection of ܛܝܪܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܛܝܪ		1st person	ܛܝܪܝ		ܛܝܪܢ
	construct	ܛܝܪ		2nd person	ܛܝܪܟ	ܛܝܪܟܝ	ܛܝܪܟܘܢ	ܛܝܪܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܛܝܪܐ		3rd person	ܛܝܪܗ	ܛܝܪܗ	ܛܝܪܗܘܢ	ܛܝܪܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܛܝܪܝܢ		1st person	ܛܝܪܝ		ܛܝܪܝܢ
	construct	ܛܝܪܝ		2nd person	ܛܝܪܝܟ	ܛܝܪܝܟܝ	ܛܝܪܝܟܘܢ	ܛܝܪܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܛܝܪܐ		3rd person	ܛܝܪܘܗܝ	ܛܝܪܝܗ	ܛܝܪܝܗܘܢ	ܛܝܪܝܗܝܢ

Proper noun

ܛܝܪܐ • (transliteration needed) f

1. (astronomy) name of a star

Etymology 2

Compare Hebrew טִירָה (ṭîrâ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tˤ(ə)jɑrɑ(ʔ)] (in the singular)
• IPA^(key): [tˤ(ə)jɑre(ʔ)] (in the plural)

Noun

ܛܝܪܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܛܝܪܐ)

1. hurdle
2. enclosure, sheepfold
3. flock, herd
4. convent

Inflection

Inflection of ܛܝܪܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܛܝܪ		1st person	ܛܝܪܝ		ܛܝܪܢ
	construct	ܛܝܪ		2nd person	ܛܝܪܟ	ܛܝܪܟܝ	ܛܝܪܟܘܢ	ܛܝܪܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܛܝܪܐ		3rd person	ܛܝܪܗ	ܛܝܪܗ	ܛܝܪܗܘܢ	ܛܝܪܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܛܝܪܝܢ		1st person	ܛܝܪܝ		ܛܝܪܝܢ
	construct	ܛܝܪܝ		2nd person	ܛܝܪܝܟ	ܛܝܪܝܟܝ	ܛܝܪܝܟܘܢ	ܛܝܪܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܛܝܪܐ		3rd person	ܛܝܪܘܗܝ	ܛܝܪܝܗ	ܛܝܪܝܗܘܢ	ܛܝܪܝܗܝܢ

References

• “ṭyr”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 126a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 172b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pp. 527b-528a