ܡܪܕܐ

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From the root ܡ-ܪ-ܕ (m-r-d) related to resisting, from Proto-Semitic *marad- (“to fortify, to set up resistance”). Compare Hebrew מֶרֶד (méreḏ).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [mɛrdɑ], [m(ə)rɑðɑ] (singular)
IPA^(key): [mɛrde], [m(ə)rɑðe] (plural)

Noun

ܡܸܪܕ݁ܵܐ or ܡܪܵܕ݂ܵܐ • (merdā or mərāḏā) m (plural ܡܸܪ̈ܕܹ݁ܐ (merdē) or ܡܪ̈ܵܕܹܐ (mərāḏē))

rebellion, revolt
conspiracy
fortified place; castle, citadel, stronghold

Inflection

Inflection of **ܡܪܕܐ**
	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
	state	form	person	m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܡܪܕ	1^st person	ܡܪܕܝ		ܡܪܕܢ
	construct	ܡܪܕ	2^nd person	ܡܪܕܟ	ܡܪܕܟܝ	ܡܪܕܟܘܢ	ܡܪܕܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܡܪܕܐ	3^rd person	ܡܪܕܗ	ܡܪܕܗ	ܡܪܕܗܘܢ	ܡܪܕܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܡܪܕܝܢ	1^st person	ܡܪܕܝ		ܡܪܕܝܢ
	construct	ܡܪܕܝ	2^nd person	ܡܪܕܝܟ	ܡܪܕܝܟܝ	ܡܪܕܝܟܘܢ	ܡܪܕܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܡܪܕܐ	3^rd person	ܡܪܕܘܗܝ	ܡܪܕܝܗ	ܡܪܕܝܗܘܢ	ܡܪܕܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 2

From the root ܪ-ܕ-ܐ (r-d-ʾ) related to travelling.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [marde], [mɛrde] (singular and plural)

Noun

ܡܲܪܕܹ݁ܐ or ܡܸܪܕܹ݁ܐ • (mardē or merdē) m (plural ܡܲܪ̈ܕܹ݁ܐ (mardē) or ܡܸܪ̈ܕܹ݁ܐ (merdē)) (invariant)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [m(ə)rɑðɑ] (singular)
IPA^(key): [m(ə)rɑðe] (plural)

Noun

ܡܪܵܕ݂ܵܐ • (mərāḏā) m (plural ܡܪ̈ܵܕ݂ܹܐ (mərāḏē))

cord used to tie up a camel

Inflection

Inflection of **ܡܪܕܐ**
	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
	state	form	person	m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܡܪܕܐ	1^st person	ܡܪܕܐܝ		ܡܪܕܐܢ
	construct	ܡܪܕܐ	2^nd person	ܡܪܕܐܟ	ܡܪܕܐܟܝ	ܡܪܕܐܟܘܢ	ܡܪܕܐܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܡܪܕܐܐ	3^rd person	ܡܪܕܐܗ	ܡܪܕܐܗ	ܡܪܕܐܗܘܢ	ܡܪܕܐܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܡܪܕܐܝܢ	1^st person	ܡܪܕܐܝ		ܡܪܕܐܝܢ
	construct	ܡܪܕܐܝ	2^nd person	ܡܪܕܐܝܟ	ܡܪܕܐܝܟܝ	ܡܪܕܐܝܟܘܢ	ܡܪܕܐܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܡܪܕܐܐ	3^rd person	ܡܪܕܐܘܗܝ	ܡܪܕܐܝܗ	ܡܪܕܐܝܗܘܢ	ܡܪܕܐܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 4

Unknown. There was an ancient Northwestern Iranian people called the Μάρδοι (Márdoi, “Mardes”) or Ἄμαρδοι (Ámardoi, “Amardes”), a term presumably identical to Persian (mard, “man”). But identity with the Aramaic word above for a “fortified place, stronghold”, as which the place is described in ancient sources, is more straightforward.

Alternative forms

ܡܪܕܝܢ (merdīn, mardīn) (pluralized)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [mɛrdɑ], [mardɑ]

Proper noun

ܡܸܪܕ݁ܵܐ or ܡܲܪܕ݁ܵܐ • (merdā or mardā)

Mardin (a city in today’s Mardin Province in Turkey)
- a. 680, Naṣīr al-Kaʿbī, editor, A Short Chronicle of the End of the Sasanian Empire and Early Islam 590–660 A.D., Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press, published 2016, →ISBN, page 48 [25]:
  ܗܝܕܝܢ ܟܢܫ ܟܘܣܪܘ ܚܝܠܘ̈ܬܐ ܘܥܠܝ ܠܐܪܥܐ ܕܪ̈ܗܘܡܢܐ. ܘܥܒܕ ܬܪ̈ܥܢ ܪ̈ܒܝ ܚ̈ܝܠܐ ܘܫܕܪ ܠܡܥܪܒܐ. ܘܟܒܫܘ ܠܡܪܕܐ ܘܠܐܡܕ. ܘܠܡܝܦܪܩܛ ܘܠܐܘܪܗܝ.
  Then Khusrow swept together an army and encroached upon the lands of the Byzantines. He appointed two commanders whom he sent to the West, and they pressed upon Mardin, ʾAmed, Mayparqeṭ and Urfa.

References

“mrd”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
“mrdy²”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 191b
Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 339a
Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 299b
Payne Smith, Robert (1879–1901) Thesaurus Syriacus (in Latin), Oxford: Clarendon Press, column 2219
Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 827b
Wild, Stefan (1973) Libanesische Ortsnamen (Beiruter Texte und Studien; 9)‎^[1], Würzburg · Bayrūt: Ergon-Verlag · al-Furat, published 2008, →ISBN, pages 95–96

Anagrams

ܡܕܪܐ