तर्क

See also: तर्कु, तेरेको, तुर्की, तैराकी, तरीक़ा, तारक, and तर्का

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit तर्क (tarka).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /t̪əɾk/, [t̪ɐɾk]

Noun

तर्क • (tark) m

1. an argument, reasoning

   Antonym: वितर्क (vitark)

2. logic

   उसके सोच में कोई तर्क है ही नहीं।

   uske soc mẽ koī tark hai hī nahī̃.

   There is no logic in his thoughts.

Declension

Declension of तर्क (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	तर्क tark	तर्क tark
oblique	तर्क tark	तर्कों tarkõ
vocative	तर्क tark	तर्को tarko

Derived terms

• * सतर्क (satark)
  • तार्किक (tārkik)
  • तर्कसंगत (tarkasaṅgat)
  • तर्तर्कसम्मत (tartarkasammat)
  • तर्तर्कसिद्ध (tartarkasiddh)
  • तर्क विद्या विषयक (tark vidyā viṣyak)
  • ततर्क सिद्ध (tatark siddh)
  • ततर्कशास्त्र-संबंधी (tatarkaśāstra-sambandhī)
  • तर्क-वितर्क (tark-vitark)

 

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “तर्क”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• তৰ্ক (Assamese script)
• ᬢᬃᬓ (Balinese script)
• তর্ক (Bengali script)
• 𑰝𑰨𑰿𑰎 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀢𑀭𑁆𑀓 (Brahmi script)
• တရ်္က (Burmese script)
• તર્ક (Gujarati script)
• ਤਰ੍ਕ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌤𑌰𑍍𑌕 (Grantha script)
• ꦠꦂꦏ (Javanese script)
• 𑂞𑂩𑂹𑂍 (Kaithi script)
• ತರ್ಕ (Kannada script)
• តក៌ (Khmer script)
• ຕຣ຺ກ (Lao script)
• തര്ക (Malayalam script)
• ᢠᠠᡵᡬᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘝𑘨𑘿𑘎 (Modi script)
• ᢐᠠᠷᢉᠠ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦽𑧈𑧠𑦮 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐟𑐬𑑂𑐎 (Newa script)
• ତର୍କ (Odia script)
• ꢡꢬ꣄ꢒ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆠𑆫𑇀𑆑 (Sharada script)
• 𑖝𑖨𑖿𑖎 (Siddham script)
• තර්‍ක (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩫𑩼 𑪙𑩜 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚙𑚤𑚶𑚊 (Takri script)
• தர்க (Tamil script)
• తర్క (Telugu script)
• ตรฺก (Thai script)
• ཏ་རྐ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒞𑒩𑓂𑒏 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨙𑨫𑩇𑨋 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *tarkás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *tarkás, from Proto-Indo-European *telkʷ-. Cognate with Latin loquor (“to speak, talk”), Old Church Slavonic тлъкъ (tlŭkŭ, “interpreter”) and Old Irish do·tluchethar (“to ask”), ad·tluchedar (“to thank”).

Alternative, from Proto-Indo-European *terkʷ- (“to turn”). Cognate with Latin torqueō (“to twist”), Hittite 𒋻𒌑𒍣 (tarúzi), Old Church Slavonic тракъ (trakŭ), Tocharian B tärk-, and possibly Ancient Greek τρέπω (trépō).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /tɐɾ.kɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈt̪ɐɾ.kɐ/

Noun

तर्क • (tarká) stem, m

1. conjecture
2. reasoning, speculation, inquiry
3. doubt
4. system or doctrine founded on speculation or reasoning, philosophical system (especially the Nyāya system, but applicable also to any of the six Darśana)
5. logic, confutation (especially that kind of argument which consists in reduction to absurdity)

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of तर्क (tarká)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	तर्कः tarkáḥ	तर्कौ / तर्का¹ tarkaú / tarkā́¹	तर्काः / तर्कासः¹ tarkā́ḥ / tarkā́saḥ¹
Vocative	तर्क tárka	तर्कौ / तर्का¹ tárkau / tárkā¹	तर्काः / तर्कासः¹ tárkāḥ / tárkāsaḥ¹
Accusative	तर्कम् tarkám	तर्कौ / तर्का¹ tarkaú / tarkā́¹	तर्कान् tarkā́n
Instrumental	तर्केण tarkéṇa	तर्काभ्याम् tarkā́bhyām	तर्कैः / तर्केभिः¹ tarkaíḥ / tarkébhiḥ¹
Dative	तर्काय tarkā́ya	तर्काभ्याम् tarkā́bhyām	तर्केभ्यः tarkébhyaḥ
Ablative	तर्कात् tarkā́t	तर्काभ्याम् tarkā́bhyām	तर्केभ्यः tarkébhyaḥ
Genitive	तर्कस्य tarkásya	तर्कयोः tarkáyoḥ	तर्काणाम् tarkā́ṇām
Locative	तर्के tarké	तर्कयोः tarkáyoḥ	तर्केषु tarkéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Related terms

• अतर्क (a-tarka)
• कुतर्क (ku-tarka)
• दुस्तर्क (dus-tarka)
• रूपतर्क (rūpa-tarka)

Descendants

• → Malayalam: തർക്കം (taṟkkaṁ)
• Paisaci Prakrit:
  • Punjabi: ਤੱਕ (takka)

See also

• न्यायम् (nyāyam)

Noun

तर्क • (tarká) stem, n

1. a philosophical system

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of तर्क (tarká)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	तर्कम् tarkám	तर्के tarké	तर्काणि / तर्का¹ tarkā́ṇi / tarkā́¹
Vocative	तर्क tárka	तर्के tárke	तर्काणि / तर्का¹ tárkāṇi / tárkā¹
Accusative	तर्कम् tarkám	तर्के tarké	तर्काणि / तर्का¹ tarkā́ṇi / tarkā́¹
Instrumental	तर्केण tarkéṇa	तर्काभ्याम् tarkā́bhyām	तर्कैः / तर्केभिः¹ tarkaíḥ / tarkébhiḥ¹
Dative	तर्काय tarkā́ya	तर्काभ्याम् tarkā́bhyām	तर्केभ्यः tarkébhyaḥ
Ablative	तर्कात् tarkā́t	तर्काभ्याम् tarkā́bhyām	तर्केभ्यः tarkébhyaḥ
Genitive	तर्कस्य tarkásya	तर्कयोः tarkáyoḥ	तर्काणाम् tarkā́ṇām
Locative	तर्के tarké	तर्कयोः tarkáyoḥ	तर्केषु tarkéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “तर्क”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0439.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “TARK”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 633