धैर्य

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit धैर्य (dhairya).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /d̪ʱɛːɾ.jᵊ/

Noun

धैर्य • (dhairya) m (Urdu spelling دَھیرْیَہ)

1. (formal) patience, calmness

   धैर्य रखना ― dhairya rakhnā ― to be patient

Declension

Declension of धैर्य (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	धैर्य dhairya	धैर्य dhairya
oblique	धैर्य dhairya	धैर्यों dhairyõ
vocative	धैर्य dhairya	धैर्यो dhairyo

Synonyms

• धीरज (dhīraj)
• सब्र (sabr)

Proper noun

धैर्य • (dhairya) m

1. a male given name, Dhairya, from Sanskrit

Further reading

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “धैर्य”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “धैर्य”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
• Platts, John T. (1884) “धैर्य”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit धैर्य (dhairya). Related to धीर (dhīr).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d̪ʱəiɾ.jə/

Noun

धैर्य • (dhairya) n

1. (formal) courage, boldness, daring

   Synonyms: धाडस (dhāḍas) (more common), धडाडी (dhaḍāḍī)

2. (dated) patience, calmness

   Synonym: धीर (dhīr)

Declension

Declension of धैर्य (neut cons-stem)
direct singular	धैर्य dhairya
direct plural	धैर्ये, धैर्यं dhairye, dhairya
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	धैर्य dhairya		धैर्ये, धैर्यं dhairye, dhairya
oblique सामान्यरूप	धैर्या dhairyā		धैर्यां- dhairyān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	धैर्याला dhairyālā		धैर्यांना dhairyānnā
ergative	धैर्याने, धैर्यानं dhairyāne, dhairyāna		धैर्यांनी dhairyānnī
instrumental	धैर्याशी dhairyāśī		धैर्यांशी dhairyānśī
locative सप्तमी	धैर्यात dhairyāt		धैर्यांत dhairyāt
vocative संबोधन	धैर्या dhairyā		धैर्यांनो dhairyānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of धैर्य (neut cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	धैर्याचा dhairyāċā	धैर्याचे dhairyāċe	धैर्याची dhairyācī	धैर्याच्या dhairyācā	धैर्याचे, धैर्याचं dhairyāċe, dhairyāċa	धैर्याची dhairyācī	धैर्याच्या dhairyācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	धैर्यांचा dhairyānċā	धैर्यांचे dhairyānċe	धैर्यांची dhairyāñcī	धैर्यांच्या dhairyāncā	धैर्यांचे, धैर्यांचं dhairyānċe, dhairyānċa	धैर्यांची dhairyāñcī	धैर्यांच्या dhairyāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

• धैर्यशील (dhairyaśīl, “Dhairyashīl, a male given name”)

 

References

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “धैर्य”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “धैर्य”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911) “धैर्य”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press
• दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “धैर्य”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ধৈৰ্য (Assamese script)
• ᬥᬿᬃᬬ (Balinese script)
• ধৈর্য (Bengali script)
• 𑰠𑰹𑰨𑰿𑰧 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀥𑁃𑀭𑁆𑀬 (Brahmi script)
• ဓဲရျ (Burmese script)
• ધૈર્ય (Gujarati script)
• ਧੈਰ੍ਯ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌧𑍈𑌰𑍍𑌯 (Grantha script)
• ꦣꦻꦫꦾ (Javanese script)
• 𑂡𑂶𑂩𑂹𑂨 (Kaithi script)
• ಧೈರ್ಯ (Kannada script)
• ធៃយ៌ (Khmer script)
• ໄຘຣ຺ຍ (Lao script)
• ധൈര്യ (Malayalam script)
• ᢡᠠᡳᡵᠶᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘠𑘺𑘨𑘿𑘧 (Modi script)
• ᢑᠾᠧᠧᠷᠶ᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧀𑧛𑧈𑧠𑧇 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐢𑐿𑐬𑑂𑐫 (Newa script)
• ଧୈର୍ଯ (Odia script)
• ꢤꣀꢬ꣄ꢫ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆣𑆽𑆫𑇀𑆪 (Sharada script)
• 𑖠𑖹𑖨𑖿𑖧 (Siddham script)
• ධෛර්‍ය (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩮𑩗𑩼 𑪙𑩻 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚜𑚳𑚤𑚶𑚣 (Takri script)
• தை⁴ர்ய (Tamil script)
• ధైర్య (Telugu script)
• ไธรฺย (Thai script)
• དྷཻ་རྱ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒡𑒻𑒩𑓂𑒨 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨜𑨇𑨫𑩇𑨪 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Vrddhi derivative of धीर (dhī́ra) with a -य (-ya) extension, from धृ (dhṛ, “to be hold, to be firm”, root).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /dʱɑːjɾ.jɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈd̪ʱɑjɾ.jɐ/

Noun

धैर्य • (dhairya) stem, n

1. firmness, constancy, calmness, patience, gravity, fortitude, courage

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of धैर्य (dhairya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	धैर्यम् dhairyam	धैर्ये dhairye	धैर्याणि / धैर्या¹ dhairyāṇi / dhairyā¹
Vocative	धैर्य dhairya	धैर्ये dhairye	धैर्याणि / धैर्या¹ dhairyāṇi / dhairyā¹
Accusative	धैर्यम् dhairyam	धैर्ये dhairye	धैर्याणि / धैर्या¹ dhairyāṇi / dhairyā¹
Instrumental	धैर्येण dhairyeṇa	धैर्याभ्याम् dhairyābhyām	धैर्यैः / धैर्येभिः¹ dhairyaiḥ / dhairyebhiḥ¹
Dative	धैर्याय dhairyāya	धैर्याभ्याम् dhairyābhyām	धैर्येभ्यः dhairyebhyaḥ
Ablative	धैर्यात् dhairyāt	धैर्याभ्याम् dhairyābhyām	धैर्येभ्यः dhairyebhyaḥ
Genitive	धैर्यस्य dhairyasya	धैर्ययोः dhairyayoḥ	धैर्याणाम् dhairyāṇām
Locative	धैर्ये dhairye	धैर्ययोः dhairyayoḥ	धैर्येषु dhairyeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Kashmiri:

  Arabic script: دٲر (dạ̄r)

  Devanagari script: दऻर (dạ̄r)

  Sharada script: 𑆢𑇋𑆳𑆫 (dạ̄r)

• → Bengali: ধৈর্য (dhōirjo)
• → Hindi: धैर्य (dhairya)
• → Kannada: ಧೈರ್ಯ (dhairya)
• → Malayalam: ധൈര്യം (dhairyaṁ)
• → Marathi: धैर्य (dhairya)
• → Odia: ଧୈର୍ଯ୍ୟ (dhairjya), ଧାର୍ଯ୍ୟ (dhārjya)
• → Tamil: தைரியம் (tairiyam)
• → Telugu: ధైర్యము (dhairyamu)
• → Urdu: دَھیرْیَہ (dhairya)

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899) “धैर्य”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 520, column 2.