नदी
Bhojpuri
editEtymology
editLearned borrowing from Sanskrit नदी (nadī). Doublet of नद्दी (naddī).
Noun
editनदी (nadī) f (Kaithi 𑂢𑂠𑂲)
Hindi
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Sanskrit नदी (nadī́).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editनदी • (nadī) f (Urdu spelling ندی)
Declension
editDeclension of नदी (fem ī-stem)
References
edit- Platts, John T. (1884) “नदी”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
- Bahri, Hardev (1989) “नदी”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “नदी”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “नदी”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Marathi
editEtymology
editLearned borrowing from Sanskrit नदी (nadī́). First attested as Old Marathi नई (naī).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editनदी • (nadī) f
Declension
editDeclension of नदी (fem ī-stem) | |||
---|---|---|---|
direct singular |
नदी nadī | ||
direct plural |
नद्या nadyā | ||
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन | ||
nominative प्रथमा |
नदी nadī |
नद्या nadyā | |
oblique सामान्यरूप |
नदी nadī |
नद्यां- nadyān- | |
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी |
नदीला nadīlā |
नद्यांना nadyānnā | |
ergative | नदीने, नदीनं nadīne, nadīna |
नद्यांनी nadyānnī | |
instrumental | नदीशी nadīśī |
नद्यांशी nadyānśī | |
locative सप्तमी |
नदीत nadīt |
नद्यांत nadyāt | |
vocative संबोधन |
नदी nadī |
नद्यांनो nadyānno | |
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. |
Genitive declension of नदी (fem ī-stem) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म |
feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म |
neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म |
oblique सामान्यरूप | |||||
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular* एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
|||
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता |
नदीचा nadīċā |
नदीचे nadīċe |
नदीची nadīcī |
नदीच्या nadīcā |
नदीचे, नदीचं nadīċe, nadīċa |
नदीची nadīcī |
नदीच्या nadīcā | |
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता |
नद्यांचा nadyānċā |
नद्यांचे nadyānċe |
नद्यांची nadyāñcī |
नद्यांच्या nadyāncā |
नद्यांचे, नद्यांचं nadyānċe, nadyānċa |
नद्यांची nadyāñcī |
नद्यांच्या nadyāñcā | |
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. |
References
edit- Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “नदी”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
Nepali
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Sanskrit नदी (nadī́).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editनदी • (nadī)
Pali
editAlternative forms
editAlternative scripts
Noun
editनदी f
- Devanagari script form of nadī “river”
Declension
editDeclension table of "नदी" (feminine)
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | नदी (nadī) | नदियो (nadiyo) or नदी (nadī) |
Accusative (second) | नदिं (nadiṃ) or नदियं (nadiyaṃ) | नदियो (nadiyo) or नदी (nadī) |
Instrumental (third) | नदिया (nadiyā) | नदीहि (nadīhi) or नदीभि (nadībhi) |
Dative (fourth) | नदिया (nadiyā) | नदीनं (nadīnaṃ) |
Ablative (fifth) | नदिया (nadiyā) | नदीहि (nadīhi) or नदीभि (nadībhi) |
Genitive (sixth) | नदिया (nadiyā) | नदीनं (nadīnaṃ) |
Locative (seventh) | नदिया (nadiyā) or नदियं (nadiyaṃ) | नदीसु (nadīsu) |
Vocative (calling) | नदि (nadi) | नदियो (nadiyo) or नदी (nadī) |
Sanskrit
editAlternative scripts
editAlternative scripts
- নদী (Assamese script)
- ᬦᬤᬷ (Balinese script)
- নদী (Bengali script)
- 𑰡𑰟𑰱 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀦𑀤𑀻 (Brahmi script)
- နဒီ (Burmese script)
- નદી (Gujarati script)
- ਨਦੀ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌨𑌦𑍀 (Grantha script)
- ꦤꦢꦷ (Javanese script)
- 𑂢𑂠𑂲 (Kaithi script)
- ನದೀ (Kannada script)
- នទី (Khmer script)
- ນທີ (Lao script)
- നദീ (Malayalam script)
- ᠨᠠᡩᡳᡳ (Manchu script)
- 𑘡𑘟𑘲 (Modi script)
- ᠨᠠᢑᠢᠢ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧁𑦿𑧓 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐣𑐡𑐷 (Newa script)
- ନଦୀ (Odia script)
- ꢥꢣꢷ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆤𑆢𑆵 (Sharada script)
- 𑖡𑖟𑖱 (Siddham script)
- නදී (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩯𑩭𑩑𑩛 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚝𑚛𑚯 (Takri script)
- நதீ³ (Tamil script)
- నదీ (Telugu script)
- นที (Thai script)
- ན་དཱི (Tibetan script)
- 𑒢𑒠𑒲 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨝𑨛𑨁𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
editFrom Proto-Indo-Iranian *nadíH (“river”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *ned-ih₂, from *ned- (“thundering, roaring, rushing”) + *-íh₂. Cognate with Younger Avestan 𐬀𐬥𐬀𐬌𐬜𐬍𐬨 (anaiδīm, “across a river”). Possibly related to Ancient Greek Νέδα (Néda, name of a river), Middle Low German Nette (name of a river).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editनदी • (nadī́) stem, f
- flowing water, river
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 5.55.7:
- न पर्व॑ता॒ न न॒द्यो॑ वरन्त वो॒ यत्राचि॑ध्वं मरुतो॒ गच्छ॒थेदु॒ तत्।
उ॒त द्यावा॑पृथि॒वी या॑थना॒ परि॒ शुभं॑ या॒तामनु॒ रथा॑ अवृत्सत॥- ná párvatā ná nadyò varanta vo yátrā́cidhvaṃ maruto gácchathédu tát.
utá dyā́vāpṛthivī́ yāthanā pári śúbhaṃ yātā́mánu ráthā avṛtsata. - Let not the mountains, let not the rivers, arrest you; whither you purpose, Maruts, thither repair, and compass heaven and earth; may the cars of the quick-moving Maruts arrive for our good.
- ná párvatā ná nadyò varanta vo yátrā́cidhvaṃ maruto gácchathédu tát.
- न पर्व॑ता॒ न न॒द्यो॑ वरन्त वो॒ यत्राचि॑ध्वं मरुतो॒ गच्छ॒थेदु॒ तत्।
- (poetry) name of 2 kinds of metre
- (linguistics) name of particular feminine stems ending in -ī or -ū (as in नदी (nadī) itself)
Declension
editOriginal Rigvedic declension:
Feminine ī-stem declension of नदी (nadī́) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | नदीः nadī́ḥ |
नद्या nadyā̀ |
नद्यः nadyàḥ |
Vocative | नदि nádi |
नद्या nádyā |
नद्यः nádyaḥ |
Accusative | नद्यम् nadyàm |
नद्या nadyā̀ |
नद्यः nadyàḥ |
Instrumental | नद्या nadyā̀ |
नदीभ्याम् nadī́bhyām |
नदीभिः nadī́bhiḥ |
Dative | नद्ये nadyè |
नदीभ्याम् nadī́bhyām |
नदीभ्यः nadī́bhyaḥ |
Ablative | नद्यः nadyàḥ |
नदीभ्याम् nadī́bhyām |
नदीभ्यः nadī́bhyaḥ |
Genitive | नद्यः nadyàḥ |
नद्योः nadyòḥ |
नदीनाम् nadī́nām |
Locative | नदी nadī́ |
नद्योः nadyòḥ |
नदीषु nadī́ṣu |
Later declension:
Feminine ī-stem declension of नदी (nadī́) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | नदी nadī́ |
नद्यौ / नदी¹ nadyaù / nadī́¹ |
नद्यः / नदीः¹ nadyàḥ / nadī́ḥ¹ |
Vocative | नदि nádi |
नद्यौ / नदी¹ nádyau / nádī¹ |
नद्यः / नदीः¹ nádyaḥ / nádīḥ¹ |
Accusative | नदीम् nadī́m |
नद्यौ / नदी¹ nadyaù / nadī́¹ |
नदीः nadī́ḥ |
Instrumental | नद्या nadyā́ |
नदीभ्याम् nadī́bhyām |
नदीभिः nadī́bhiḥ |
Dative | नद्यै nadyaí |
नदीभ्याम् nadī́bhyām |
नदीभ्यः nadī́bhyaḥ |
Ablative | नद्याः / नद्यै² nadyā́ḥ / nadyaí² |
नदीभ्याम् nadī́bhyām |
नदीभ्यः nadī́bhyaḥ |
Genitive | नद्याः / नद्यै² nadyā́ḥ / nadyaí² |
नद्योः nadyóḥ |
नदीनाम् nadī́nām |
Locative | नद्याम् nadyā́m |
नद्योः nadyóḥ |
नदीषु nadī́ṣu |
Notes |
|
Derived terms
editDescendants
edit- Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀡𑀈 (ṇaī)
- Maharastri Prakrit:
- → Old Javanese: nadī
- Pali: nadī
- Romani: len
- → Bengali: নদী (nodi) (learned)
- → Gujarati: નદી (nadī) (learned)
- → Hindustani: (learned)
- → Kannada: ನದಿ (nadi) (learned)
- → Kashmiri: नदी (nadī) (learned)
- → Malayalam: നദി (nadi) (learned)
- → Marathi: नदी (nadī) (learned)
- → Marwari: नंदी (nandī) (learned)
- → Nepali: नदी (nadī) (learned)
- → Odia: ନଦୀ (nadi) (learned)
- → Punjabi: ਨਦੀ (nadī) (learned)
- → Sindhi: ندي (learned)
- → Tamil: நதி (nati) (learned)
- → Telugu: నది (nadi) (learned)
References
edit- Monier Williams (1899) “नदी”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 526/1.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 9
- Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, page 324
Categories:
- Bhojpuri terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Bhojpuri learned borrowings from Sanskrit
- Bhojpuri terms derived from Sanskrit
- Bhojpuri doublets
- Bhojpuri lemmas
- Bhojpuri nouns
- Bhojpuri nouns in Devanagari script
- Bhojpuri feminine nouns
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
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- Hindi terms with audio pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi nouns
- Hindi feminine nouns
- hi:Geography
- Hindi terms with usage examples
- Hindi feminine ī-stem nouns
- hi:Bodies of water
- hi:Landforms
- Marathi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Marathi learned borrowings from Sanskrit
- Marathi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Marathi terms inherited from Old Marathi
- Marathi terms derived from Old Marathi
- Marathi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Marathi lemmas
- Marathi nouns
- Marathi nouns in Devanagari script
- Marathi feminine nouns
- Marathi terms with usage examples
- Marathi nouns with declension
- Marathi feminine ī-stem nouns
- mr:Bodies of water
- mr:Landforms
- Nepali terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Nepali terms derived from Sanskrit
- Nepali terms with IPA pronunciation
- Nepali lemmas
- Nepali nouns
- ne:Geography
- Pali lemmas
- Pali nouns
- Pali nouns in Devanagari script
- Pali feminine nouns
- pi:Bodies of water
- pi:Landforms
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
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- sa:Poetry
- sa:Linguistics
- Sanskrit ī-stem nouns
- sa:Bodies of water
- sa:Landforms