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Translingual
editPronunciation
editLetter
editम
- a letter of the Devanagari alphabet
See also
editLigatures:
Apabhramsa
editEtymology
editInherited from Prakrit मा (mā), from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀫𑀸 (mā), from Sanskrit मा (mā́).
Particle
edit- prohibitive particle: don't
- c. 1088 – 1173, Hemachandra, Siddha-Hema-Śabdanuśāśana Chapter 8 4.379.1:[2][3]
- महु कंतहो बे दोसडा
हेल्लि म झंखहि आलु ।- mahu kaṃtaho be dosaḍā
helli ma jhaṃkhahi ālu.
- 1928 translation by Parashuram Lakshman Vaidya
- My lover has [only] two flaws
my friend, do not tell a lie
- My lover has [only] two flaws
- mahu kaṃtaho be dosaḍā
- महु कंतहो बे दोसडा
Descendants
editDescendants
References
edit- ^ Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923–1928) “म”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो [pāia-sadda-mahaṇṇavo, Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author], page 660.
- ^ Kantilal Vyas (1982) Apabhraṁśa of Hemacandra (Prakrit text series)[1], Prakrit Text Society, →LCCN, page 133
- ^ Ratanlal Sanghvi (1963) Siddhahaimaśabdānuśāsana[2], volume 2, →LCCN, page 515
Further reading
edit- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “mā́”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 574
Bantawa
editNoun
editम (ma)
Further reading
edit- Werner Winter, A Bantawa Dictionary (2003, →ISBN), page 58
Dhivehi
editPronunciation
editLetter
editम • (ma)
- The tenth consonant in Dhivehi, written in Devanagari
Hindi
editPronunciation
editLetter
editम • (ma)
See also
edit- (Devanagari script letters) अ, आ, इ, ई, उ, ऊ, ऋ, ए, ऐ, ओ, औ, अं, अः, अँ, क, ख, ग, घ, ङ, च, छ, ज, झ, ञ, ट, ठ, ड, ढ, ण, त, थ, द, ध, न, प, फ, ब, भ, म, य, र, ल, व, श, ष, स, ह, त्र, ज्ञ, क्ष, क़, ख़, ग़, ज़, झ़, ड़, ढ़, फ़ (Category: Hindi letters) [edit]
Marathi
editPronunciation
editLetter
editम • (ma)
Nepali
editPronunciation
editLetter
editम • (ma)
Pronoun
editम • (ma)
- I (first person singular pronoun)
Declension
editDeclension of Nepali pronouns
* Yellow background indicates irregularity.
Declension of the first-person pronouns | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | ||
Nominative | म mʌ |
हामी ɦämi |
हामीहरू ɦämiɦʌɾu |
Instrumental | मैले mʌi̯le |
हामीले ɦämile |
हामीहरूले ɦämiɦʌɾule |
Accusative | मलाई mʌläi |
हामीलाई ɦämiläi |
हामीहरूलाई ɦämiɦʌɾuläi |
Genitive | मेरो meɾo |
हाम्रो ɦämro |
हामीहरूको ɦämiɦʌɾuko |
Locative | ममा mʌmä |
हामीमा ɦämimä |
हामीहरूमा ɦämiɦʌɾumä |
Declension of the second-person pronouns | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | ||||
Low | Mid | High | Low/Mid | High | |
Nominative | तँ t̪ʌ̃ |
तिमी t̪imi |
तपाईं t̪ʌpäĩ |
तिमीहरू t̪imiɦʌɾu |
तपाईंहरू t̪ʌpäĩ̤ːɾu |
Instrumental | तैँले t̪ʌ̃ĩ̯le |
तिमीले t̪imile |
तपाईंले t̪ʌpäĩle |
तिमीहरूले t̪imiɦʌɾule |
तपाईंहरूले t̪ʌpäĩ̤ːɾule |
Accusative | तँलाई t̪ʌ̃läi |
तिमीलाई t̪imiläi |
तपाईंलाई t̪ʌpäĩläi |
तिमीहरूलाई t̪imiɦʌɾuläi |
तपाईंहरूलाई t̪ʌpäĩ̤ːɾuläi |
Genitive | तेरो t̪eɾo |
तिम्रो t̪imro |
तपाईंको t̪ʌpäĩko |
तिमीहरूको t̪imiɦʌɾuko |
तपाईंहरूको t̪ʌpäĩ̤ːɾuko |
Locative | तँमा t̪ʌ̃mä |
तिमीमा t̪imimä |
तपाईंमा t̪ʌpäĩmä |
तिमीहरूमा t̪imiɦʌɾumä |
तपाईंहरूमा t̪ʌpäĩ̤ːɾumä |
Declension of the third-person pronouns | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||||||||
Low/Mid | High | Low/Mid | High | |||||||
Nominative | यो jo |
त्यो t̪jo |
ऊ u |
यहाँ jä̤ː |
वहाँ wä̤ː |
यिनीहरु iniɦʌɾu |
तिनीहरु t̪iniɦʌɾu |
उनीहरू uniɦʌɾu |
यहाँहरू jä̤ːɾu |
वहाँहरू wä̤ːɾu |
Instrumental | यसले esle |
त्यसले t̪esle |
उसले usle |
यहाँले jä̤ːle |
वहाँले wä̤ːle |
यिनीहरुले iniɦʌɾule |
तिनीहरुले t̪iniɦʌɾule |
उनीहरूले uniɦʌɾule |
यहाँहरूले jä̤ːɾule |
वहाँहरूले wä̤ːɾule |
Accusative | यसलाई esläi |
त्यसलाई t̪esläi |
उसलाई usläi |
यहाँलाई jä̤ːläi |
वहाँलाई wä̤ːläi |
यिनीहरुलाई iniɦʌɾuläi |
तिनीहरुलाई t̪iniɦʌɾuläi |
उनीहरूलाई uniɦʌɾuläi |
यहाँहरूलाई jä̤ːɾuläi |
वहाँहरूलाई wä̤ːɾuläi |
Genitive | यसको esko |
त्यसको t̪esko |
उसको usko |
यहाँको jä̤ːko |
वहाँको wä̤ːko |
यिनीहरुको iniɦʌɾuko |
तिनीहरुको t̪iniɦʌɾuko |
उनीहरूको uniɦʌɾuko |
यहाँहरूको jä̤ːɾuko |
वहाँहरूको wä̤ːɾuko |
Locative | यसमा esmä |
त्यसमा t̪esmä |
उसमा usmä |
यहाँमा jä̤ːmä |
वहाँमा wä̤ːmä |
यिनीहरुमा iniɦʌɾumä |
तिनीहरुमा t̪iniɦʌɾumä |
उनीहरूमा uniɦʌɾumä |
यहाँहरूमा jä̤ːɾumä |
वहाँहरूमा wä̤ːɾumä |
Declension of the interrogative pronouns | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||||
Nominative | को ko |
जो d͡zo |
के ke |
को को ko ko |
जो जो d͡zo d͡zo |
के के ke ke |
Instrumental | कसले kʌsle |
जसले d͡zʌsle |
केले kele |
कसकसले kʌskʌsle |
जसजसले d͡zʌsd͡zʌsle |
— |
Accusative | कसलाई kʌsläi |
जसलाई d͡zʌsläi |
केलाई keläi |
कसकसलाई kʌskʌsläi |
जसजसलाई d͡zʌsd͡zʌsläi |
— |
Genitive | कसको kʌsko |
जसको d͡zʌsko |
केको keko |
कसकसको kʌskʌsko |
जसजसको d͡zʌsd͡zʌsko |
— |
Locative | कसमा kʌsmä |
जसमा d͡zʌsmä |
केमा kemä |
कसकसमा kʌskʌsmä |
जसजसमा d͡zʌsd͡zʌsmä |
— |
Declension of the indefinite pronouns | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Nominative | कोही koɦi |
केही keɦi |
कोही कोही koɦi koɦi |
केही केही keɦi keɦi |
Instrumental | कसैले kʌsʌi̯le |
— | कसकसैले kʌskʌsʌi̯le |
— |
Accusative | कसैलाई kʌsʌi̯läi |
— | कसैकसैलाई kʌsʌi̯kʌsʌi̯läi |
— |
Genitive | कसैको kʌsʌi̯ko |
— | कसैकसैको kʌsʌi̯kʌsʌi̯ko |
— |
Locative | कसैमा kʌsʌi̯mä |
— | कसैकसैमा kʌsʌi̯kʌsʌi̯mä |
— |
Old Gujarati
editEtymology
editInherited from Gurjara Apabhramsa म (ma), from Prakrit मा (mā), from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀫𑀸 (mā), from Sanskrit मा (mā́).[1]
Adverb
editDescendants
editReferences
editMore information
- ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “mā́”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 574
- ^ जयंत कोठारी [Jayant Kothari] (1995) “म”, in मध्यकालीन गुजराती शब्दकोश [Mediaeval Gujarati Dictionary], लालभाई दलपतभाईनो वंडो, पानकोरनाका, अहमदावाद ३८० ००१ [Lalbhai Dalpatbhai Road, Pankornaka, Ahmedabad 380 001]: कलिकालसर्वज्ञ श्री हेमचन्द्राचार्य नवम जन्मशताब्दी स्मृति संस्कार शिक्षण निधि [Kalikāla-Sarvajña Śrī Hemacandrācārya Navama Janma-Śatābdī Smṛti Saṃskāra Śikṣaṇa Nidhi], page 373, column 2.
Categories:
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- Apabhramsa terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Apabhramsa terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Apabhramsa terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Apabhramsa terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Apabhramsa terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Apabhramsa terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Apabhramsa terms inherited from Prakrit
- Apabhramsa terms derived from Prakrit
- Apabhramsa terms inherited from Ashokan Prakrit
- Apabhramsa terms derived from Ashokan Prakrit
- Apabhramsa terms inherited from Sanskrit
- Apabhramsa terms derived from Sanskrit
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- Apabhramsa particles in Devanagari script
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- Old Gujarati terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
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- Old Gujarati terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Old Gujarati terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Gujarati terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Gujarati terms inherited from Gurjara Apabhramsa
- Old Gujarati terms derived from Gurjara Apabhramsa
- Old Gujarati terms inherited from Prakrit
- Old Gujarati terms derived from Prakrit
- Old Gujarati terms inherited from Ashokan Prakrit
- Old Gujarati terms derived from Ashokan Prakrit
- Old Gujarati terms inherited from Sanskrit
- Old Gujarati terms derived from Sanskrit
- Old Gujarati lemmas
- Old Gujarati adverbs