रत्न

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit रत्न (ratna). Doublet of रतन (ratan).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ɾət̪.nᵊ/, [ɾɐt̪̚.nᵊ]
• (epenthetic) (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ɾə.t̪ən/, [ɾɐ.t̪ɐ̃n]

Noun

रत्न • (ratna) m

1. jewel, gem, precious stone
2. treasure

Declension

Declension of रत्न (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	रत्न ratna	रत्न ratna
oblique	रत्न ratna	रत्नों ratnõ
vocative	रत्न ratna	रत्नो ratno

Marathi

Alternative forms

• रतन (ratan)

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit रत्न (ratna).

Noun

रत्न • (ratna) n

1. gem, jewel, precious stone
2. collective term for 14 precious things generated during Samudra manthan.
3. (figuratively) term of praise for an excellent thing in general; jewel

Derived terms

(Adjectives)

• रत्नजडीत (ratnajḍīt)

(Noun)

• रत्नपारखी c (ratnapārakhī)

Related terms

(Adjectives)

• रत्नखचित (ratnakhcit)

(Nouns)

• रत्नदीप m (ratnadīp)
• रत्नाकर m (ratnākara)

Nepali

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit रत्न (ratna).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [rʌt̪n̪ʌ]
• Phonetic Devanagari: रत्न

Noun

रत्न • (ratna)

1. gem, jewel

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• ৰত্ন (Assamese script)
• ᬭᬢ᭄ᬦ (Balinese script)
• রত্ন (Bengali script)
• 𑰨𑰝𑰿𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀦 (Brahmi script)
• ရတ္န (Burmese script)
• રત્ન (Gujarati script)
• ਰਤ੍ਨ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌰𑌤𑍍𑌨 (Grantha script)
• ꦫꦠ꧀ꦤ (Javanese script)
• 𑂩𑂞𑂹𑂢 (Kaithi script)
• ರತ್ನ (Kannada script)
• រត្ន (Khmer script)
• ຣຕ຺ນ (Lao script)
• രത്ന (Malayalam script)
• ᡵᠠᢠᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘨𑘝𑘿𑘡 (Modi script)
• ᠷᠠᢐᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧈𑦽𑧠𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐬𑐟𑑂𑐣 (Newa script)
• ରତ୍ନ (Odia script)
• ꢬꢡ꣄ꢥ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆫𑆠𑇀𑆤 (Sharada script)
• 𑖨𑖝𑖿𑖡 (Siddham script)
• රත‍්න (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩼𑩫 𑪙𑩯 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚤𑚙𑚶𑚝 (Takri script)
• ரத்ந (Tamil script)
• రత్న (Telugu script)
• รตฺน (Thai script)
• ར་ཏྣ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒩𑒞𑓂𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨫𑨙𑩇𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From राति (rāti, “granter”).

Noun

रत्न • (rátna) stem, n

1. gift, present, goods, wealth, riches (RV., AV., ŚBr.)
2. jewel, gem, treasure, precious stone (the nine jewel are pearl, ruby, topaz, diamond, emerald, lapis lazuli, coral, sapphire, गोमेद (gomeda); hence ratna is a name for the number 9; but according to some 14) (Mn. MBh. etc.)
3. anything valuable or best of its kind (e. g. पुत्ररत्न (putra-ratna, “an excellent son”))
4. magnet, loadstone (Kap., Sch.) (compare मणि (maṇi))
5. water (L.)
6. = रत्नहविस् (ratna-havis) (ŚBr.)

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of रत्न (rátna)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	रत्नम् rátnam	रत्ने rátne	रत्नानि / रत्ना¹ rátnāni / rátnā¹
Vocative	रत्न rátna	रत्ने rátne	रत्नानि / रत्ना¹ rátnāni / rátnā¹
Accusative	रत्नम् rátnam	रत्ने rátne	रत्नानि / रत्ना¹ rátnāni / rátnā¹
Instrumental	रत्नेन rátnena	रत्नाभ्याम् rátnābhyām	रत्नैः / रत्नेभिः¹ rátnaiḥ / rátnebhiḥ¹
Dative	रत्नाय rátnāya	रत्नाभ्याम् rátnābhyām	रत्नेभ्यः rátnebhyaḥ
Ablative	रत्नात् rátnāt	रत्नाभ्याम् rátnābhyām	रत्नेभ्यः rátnebhyaḥ
Genitive	रत्नस्य rátnasya	रत्नयोः rátnayoḥ	रत्नानाम् rátnānām
Locative	रत्ने rátne	रत्नयोः rátnayoḥ	रत्नेषु rátneṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• प्रभूतरत्न (prabhūtaratna)
• रत्नकन्दल (ratnakandala)
• रत्नगर्भा (ratnagarbhā)
• रत्नगिरि (ratnagiri)
• रत्नतल्प (ratnatalpa)
• रत्नदीप (ratnadīpa)
• रत्नप्रभ (ratnaprabha)
• रत्नराशि (ratnarāśi)
• रत्नसम्भव (ratnasambhava)
• रत्नसानु (ratnasānu)
• रत्नाकर (ratnākara)
• रत्नाभरण (ratnābharaṇa)
• रत्नावली (ratnāvalī)

 

Descendants

• → Hindi: रत्न (ratna)
• → Malayalam: രത്നം (ratnaṁ)
• → Marathi: रत्न (ratna)
• → Nepali: रत्न (ratna)
• → Old Javanese: ratna
  • > Javanese: ꦫꦠ꧀ꦤ (ratna), ꦉꦠ꧀ꦤ (retna) (inherited)
• Pali: ratana
  • → Burmese: ရတနာ (ra.ta.na)
  • → Khmer: រត្ន (rŭətnɔɔ)
  • → Thai: รัตนะ (rát-dtà-ná)
• → Punjabi: ਰਤਨ (ratan)
• → Tamil: இரத்தினம் (irattiṉam), ரத்தினம் (rattiṉam)
• → Telugu: రత్నము (ratnamu)

References

• Haughton, Graves C. (1833) “ৰত্ন”, in A Dictionary, Bengálí and Sanskrit, Explained in English, and Adapted for Students of Either Language‎^[1], London: J. L. Cox & Son, page 2373
• Monier Williams (1899) “रत्न”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0864.