Sanskrit

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-Indo-European *lóndʰ-rom, from *lendʰ- (loins). Cognate with Latin lumbus, Russian ля́двея (ljádveja), Old English lenden (whence English lend). Since the semantic shift from “loins” to “fissure” seems unlikely compared to the reverse, it is possible that Sanskrit preserves the original sense of the word as “fissure”, which was lost in the other branches; thus the unattested verbal sense of the root may have been *“to split apart” or similar.

An alternative etymology compares Old English rendan (to rend, tear, cut, lacerate, cut down) (modern English rend) and Albanian k-rënd (cut-up leaves; tinder), which would point to PIE *(H)rendʰ- (to cut, split apart, tear),[1] but the modern consensus on rend and its Germanic cognates is that they are related to Proto-Germanic *hrindaną (to push), in which the initial *h (< PIE *k or *ḱ) precludes the possibility of relationship with रन्ध्र (rándhra). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

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Noun

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रन्ध्र (rándhra) stemn

  1. a slit, split, opening, aperture, hole, chasm, fissure, cavity
  2. the vulva
  3. a defect, fault, flaw, imperfection

Declension

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Neuter a-stem declension of रन्ध्र (rándhra)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative रन्ध्रम्
rándhram
रन्ध्रे
rándhre
रन्ध्राणि / रन्ध्रा¹
rándhrāṇi / rándhrā¹
Vocative रन्ध्र
rándhra
रन्ध्रे
rándhre
रन्ध्राणि / रन्ध्रा¹
rándhrāṇi / rándhrā¹
Accusative रन्ध्रम्
rándhram
रन्ध्रे
rándhre
रन्ध्राणि / रन्ध्रा¹
rándhrāṇi / rándhrā¹
Instrumental रन्ध्रेण
rándhreṇa
रन्ध्राभ्याम्
rándhrābhyām
रन्ध्रैः / रन्ध्रेभिः¹
rándhraiḥ / rándhrebhiḥ¹
Dative रन्ध्राय
rándhrāya
रन्ध्राभ्याम्
rándhrābhyām
रन्ध्रेभ्यः
rándhrebhyaḥ
Ablative रन्ध्रात्
rándhrāt
रन्ध्राभ्याम्
rándhrābhyām
रन्ध्रेभ्यः
rándhrebhyaḥ
Genitive रन्ध्रस्य
rándhrasya
रन्ध्रयोः
rándhrayoḥ
रन्ध्राणाम्
rándhrāṇām
Locative रन्ध्रे
rándhre
रन्ध्रयोः
rándhrayoḥ
रन्ध्रेषु
rándhreṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Derived terms

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Descendants

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References

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  1. ^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press, page 374:A Germanic-Indic isogloss secures *rendh- ‘rend’ (e.g. NE rend, Skt rándhram ‘opening, split, hole’).

Further reading

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  NODES
see 1