राशि

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit राशि (rāśi)

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ɾɑː.ʃiː/, [ɾäː.ʃiː]

Noun

राशि • (rāśi) f

1. amount, quantity
2. (mathematics) variable

   इस समीकरण में केवल एक राशि है।

   is samīkaraṇ mẽ keval ek rāśi hai.

   There is only one variable in this equation.

3. (arithmetic) sum, total
4. astrological sign, zodiac sign

Declension

Declension of राशि (fem i-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	राशि rāśi	राशियाँ rāśiyā̃
oblique	राशि rāśi	राशियों rāśiyõ
vocative	राशि rāśi	राशियो rāśiyo

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ৰাশি (Assamese script)
• ᬭᬵᬰᬶ (Balinese script)
• রাশি (Bengali script)
• 𑰨𑰯𑰫𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀭𑀸𑀰𑀺 (Brahmi script)
• ရာၐိ (Burmese script)
• રાશિ (Gujarati script)
• ਰਾਸ਼ਿ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌰𑌾𑌶𑌿 (Grantha script)
• ꦫꦴꦯꦶ (Javanese script)
• 𑂩𑂰𑂬𑂱 (Kaithi script)
• ರಾಶಿ (Kannada script)
• រាឝិ (Khmer script)
• ຣາຨິ (Lao script)
• രാശി (Malayalam script)
• ᡵᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡧᡳ (Manchu script)
• 𑘨𑘰𑘫𑘱 (Modi script)
• ᠷᠠᢗᠱᠢ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧈𑧑𑧋𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐬𑐵𑐱𑐶 (Newa script)
• ରାଶି (Odia script)
• ꢬꢵꢯꢶ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆫𑆳𑆯𑆴 (Sharada script)
• 𑖨𑖯𑖫𑖰 (Siddham script)
• රාශි (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩼𑩛𑩿𑩑 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚤𑚭𑚧𑚮 (Takri script)
• ராஶி (Tamil script)
• రాశి (Telugu script)
• ราศิ (Thai script)
• རཱ་ཤི (Tibetan script)
• 𑒩𑒰𑒬𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨫𑨊𑨮𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *rāśíṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *rāćíš. The Indo-Iranian term is traditionally derived from *rać- (“to bind, tie”); however, this has been considered semantically dubious by linguists including Mayrhofer.

Nussbaum (2016) rejects a connection to *rać- (“to bind, tie”) and instead connects the Indo-Iranian term with Latin locuplēs (“wealthy”), reconstructing Proto-Indo-European *loḱis as ancestral to the two.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɾɑː.ɕí/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈɾɑː.ɕi/

Noun

राशि • (rāśí) stem, m or f

1. a heap, mass, pile, group, multitude, quantity, number (RV.)
   • RV 8.85.8b

     तरिः षष्टिस्त्वा मरुतो वाव्र्धाना उस्रा इव राशयो यज्ञियासः |

     उप तवेमः कर्धि नो भागधेयं शुष्मं त एना हविषा विधेम ||

     triḥ ṣaṣṭistvā maruto vāvṛdhānā usrā iva rāśayo yajñiyāsaḥ |

     upa tvemaḥ kṛdhi no bhāghadheyaṃ śuṣmaṃ ta enā haviṣā vidhema ||

     Thrice-sixty Maruts, waxing strong, were with thee, like piles of beaming light, worthy of worship.

     We come to thee: grant us a happy portion. Let us adore thy might with this oblation.

2. (arithmetic) a sum or the figure or figures put down for an operation (such as multiplying, dividing) (Col.)
3. a measure of quantity (= द्रोण (droṇa)) (ŚārṅgS.)
4. a sign of the zodiac (as being a certain sum or quantity of degrees), one-twelfth part of the ecliptic, an astrological house (MBh., VarBṛS. etc.) (compare IW. 178)
5. a heap of corn (L.)
6. name of an एकाह (ekāha) (ŚrS.)

Declension

Masculine i-stem declension of राशि (rāśí)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	राशिः rāśíḥ	राशी rāśī́	राशयः rāśáyaḥ
Vocative	राशे rā́śe	राशी rā́śī	राशयः rā́śayaḥ
Accusative	राशिम् rāśím	राशी rāśī́	राशीन् rāśī́n
Instrumental	राशिना / राश्या¹ rāśínā / rāśyā́¹	राशिभ्याम् rāśíbhyām	राशिभिः rāśíbhiḥ
Dative	राशये rāśáye	राशिभ्याम् rāśíbhyām	राशिभ्यः rāśíbhyaḥ
Ablative	राशेः / राश्यः¹ rāśéḥ / rāśyáḥ¹	राशिभ्याम् rāśíbhyām	राशिभ्यः rāśíbhyaḥ
Genitive	राशेः / राश्यः¹ rāśéḥ / rāśyáḥ¹	राश्योः rāśyóḥ	राशीनाम् rāśīnā́m
Locative	राशौ / राशा¹ rāśaú / rāśā́¹	राश्योः rāśyóḥ	राशिषु rāśíṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine i-stem declension of राशि (rāśí)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	राशिः rāśíḥ	राशी rāśī́	राशयः rāśáyaḥ
Vocative	राशे rā́śe	राशी rā́śī	राशयः rā́śayaḥ
Accusative	राशिम् rāśím	राशी rāśī́	राशीः rāśī́ḥ
Instrumental	राश्या / राशी¹ rāśyā́ / rāśī́¹	राशिभ्याम् rāśíbhyām	राशिभिः rāśíbhiḥ
Dative	राशये / राश्यै² / राशी¹ rāśáye / rāśyaí² / rāśī́¹	राशिभ्याम् rāśíbhyām	राशिभ्यः rāśíbhyaḥ
Ablative	राशेः / राश्याः² / राश्यै³ rāśéḥ / rāśyā́ḥ² / rāśyaí³	राशिभ्याम् rāśíbhyām	राशिभ्यः rāśíbhyaḥ
Genitive	राशेः / राश्याः² / राश्यै³ rāśéḥ / rāśyā́ḥ² / rāśyaí³	राश्योः rāśyóḥ	राशीनाम् rāśīnā́m
Locative	राशौ / राश्याम्² / राशा¹ rāśaú / rāśyā́m² / rāśā́¹	राश्योः rāśyóḥ	राशिषु rāśíṣu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Later Sanskrit ³Brāhmaṇas

Derived terms

• राशिचक्र (rāśícakra)

Descendants

Descendants

• Pali: rāsi
  • → Burmese: ရာသီ (rasi)
  • → Thai: ราศี (raa-sǐi)
• Central:
  • Sauraseni Prakrit:
    • Gujarati: રાસ (rās)
    • Hindustani:
      • Hindi: रास (rās)
      • Urdu: رَاس (rās)
    • Old Awadhi: रासी (rāsī, “heap”)
• Dardic:
  • Khowar: رش (raš)
  • Shina: لا (lā), [script needed] (laiε, “heap”)
• Eastern:
  • Magadhi Prakrit:
    • Bengali: রাস (raś), রাশি (raśi)
    • Bihari: रास (“heap of grain after winnowing”)
      • Maithili: रास (rās, “heap”), रासि (rāsɨ, “large milkpail”)
    • Odia: ରାସି (rāsi)
• Northern:
  • Khasa Prakrit:
    • Garhwali: रास (rās)
    • Kumaoni: रास (rās)
    • Nepali: रास (rās)
• Southern:
  • Helu Prakrit:
    • Sinhalese: රැස (ræsa), රැහැ (ræhæ)
    • Dhivehi: ރެސް (res), ރާހި (rāhi)
• Western:
  • Paisaci Prakrit:
    • Sindhi: rāhi
      • Arabic script: رَاهِ
      • Devanagari script: राहि
• → Khmer: រាសី (riəsəy)
• → Malayalam: രാശി (rāśi)
• → Tamil: இராசி (irāci)
• → Telugu: రాశి (rāśi)

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899) “राशि”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0879/1.