Hindi

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Sanskrit वन (vana). Doublet of बन (ban).

Pronunciation

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  • (Delhi) IPA(key): /ʋən/, [ʋɐ̃n]

Noun

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वन (vanm (Urdu spelling ون)

  1. forest, jungle, woods
    Synonyms: जंगल (jaṅgal), बन (ban)
    यह भयानक वन सैकड़ों किलोमीटर तक फैला था
    yah bhayānak van saikṛõ kilomīṭar tak phailā thā.
    This dreadful forest stretched for hundreds of kilometers.

Declension

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References

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  • Bahri, Hardev (1989) “वन”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.

Mewari

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Noun

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वन (vanm

  1. forest, jungle
  2. desolate wild place

Nepali

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Sanskrit वन (vana)[1].

Pronunciation

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Noun

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वन (van)

  1. forest
    Synonym: जङ्गल (jaṅgal)
  2. garden

Declension

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Declension of वन
Singular Plural
nominative वन [bʌn] वनहरू [bʌnɦʌɾu]
accusative वनलाई [bʌnläi] वनहरूलाई [bʌnɦʌɾuläi]
instrumental/ergative वनले [bʌnle] वनहरूले [bʌnɦʌɾule]
dative वनलाई [bʌnläi] वनहरूलाई [bʌnɦʌɾuläi]
ablative वनबाट [bʌnnoʈʌ] वनहरूबाट [bʌnɦʌɾubäʈʌ]
genitive वनको [bʌnko] वनहरूको [bʌnɦʌɾuko]
locative वनमा [bʌnmä] वनहरूमा [bʌnɦʌɾumä]
Notes:
  • -को (-ko) becomes:
    • -का (-kā) when followed by a plural noun.
    • -की (-kī) when followed by a feminine noun.

References

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  1. ^ वन”, in नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश (nepālī br̥hat śabdakoś) [Comprehensive Nepali Dictionary]‎[1], Kathmandu: Nepal Academy, 2018

Further reading

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  • Schmidt, Ruth L. (1993) “बन”, in A Practical Dictionary of Modern Nepali, Ratna Sagar

Pali

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Alternative forms

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Noun

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वन n

  1. Devanagari script form of vana

Declension

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Verb

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वन

  1. Devanagari script form of vana, imperative active second-person singular of वनति (vanati, to desire)

Sanskrit

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Alternative scripts

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Etymology

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Thematised from वन् (ván, tree, wood), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wán- (tree, wood). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬥𐬁 (vanā, tree), Pashto ونه (wëna, tree), Sogdian wn (tree), Middle Persian [script needed] (wan /⁠wn'⁠/, tree).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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वन (vána) stemn

  1. (Vedic) a tree
    Synonym: वृक्ष (vṛkṣa)
  2. a forest, wood, grove, thicket, quantity of lotuses or other plants growing in a thick cluster
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.60.10:
      तमी॑ळिष्व॒ यो अ॒र्चिषा॒ वना॒ विश्वा॑ परि॒ष्वज॑त्।
      कृ॒ष्णा कृ॒णोति॑ जि॒ह्वया॑॥
      támīḷiṣva yó arcíṣā vánā víśvā pariṣvájat.
      kṛṣṇā́ kṛṇóti jihváyā.
      Glorify that Agni who envelopes all the forests with flame, who blackens them with (his) tongue.
  3. a foreign or distant land
  4. wood, timber
  5. a wooden vessel or barrel (for the soma juice)
  6. a cloud (as the vessel in the sky)
  7. (prob.) the body of a carriage
  8. abode
  9. coco-grass (Cyperus rotundus)
  10. a ray of light
    Synonym: रश्मि (raśmi)
  11. (prob.) longing, earnest desire

Declension

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Neuter a-stem declension of वन (vána)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative वनम्
vánam
वने
váne
वनानि / वना¹
vánāni / vánā¹
Vocative वन
vána
वने
váne
वनानि / वना¹
vánāni / vánā¹
Accusative वनम्
vánam
वने
váne
वनानि / वना¹
vánāni / vánā¹
Instrumental वनेन
vánena
वनाभ्याम्
vánābhyām
वनैः / वनेभिः¹
vánaiḥ / vánebhiḥ¹
Dative वनाय
vánāya
वनाभ्याम्
vánābhyām
वनेभ्यः
vánebhyaḥ
Ablative वनात्
vánāt
वनाभ्याम्
vánābhyām
वनेभ्यः
vánebhyaḥ
Genitive वनस्य
vánasya
वनयोः
vánayoḥ
वनानाम्
vánānām
Locative वने
váne
वनयोः
vánayoḥ
वनेषु
váneṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Descendants

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  • Paisaci Prakrit:
  • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀯𑀡 (vaṇa)
  • Bengali: বন (bon)
  • Malayalam: വനം (vanaṁ)
  • Tamil: வனம் (vaṉam)
  • Kannada: ವನ (vana)
  • Old Javanese: wana
  • Sundanese: ᮝᮔ (wana)
  • Sinhalese: වනය (wanaya)
  • Sindhi: वणु sg (vaṇu, tree)

References

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  • Monier Williams (1899) “वन”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, [], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 917, column 2.
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “ván-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[2] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 500
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “vána”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
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