वि

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ৱি (Assamese script)
• ᬯᬶ (Balinese script)
• বি (Bengali script)
• 𑰪𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀯𑀺 (Brahmi script)
• ဝိ (Burmese script)
• વિ (Gujarati script)
• ਵਿ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌵𑌿 (Grantha script)
• ꦮꦶ (Javanese script)
• 𑂫𑂱 (Kaithi script)
• ವಿ (Kannada script)
• វិ (Khmer script)
• ວິ (Lao script)
• വി (Malayalam script)
• ᠸᡳ (Manchu script)
• 𑘪𑘱 (Modi script)
• ᠸᠢ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧊𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐰𑐶 (Newa script)
• ଵି (Odia script)
• ꢮꢶ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆮𑆴 (Sharada script)
• 𑖪𑖰 (Siddham script)
• වි (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩾𑩑 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚦𑚮 (Takri script)
• வி (Tamil script)
• వి (Telugu script)
• วิ (Thai script)
• ཝི (Tibetan script)
• 𑒫𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨭𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ʋí/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ʋi/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *wí, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wí, from Proto-Indo-European *wi. Cognate with elements of Hittite [script needed] (na-wi, “not yet”) and Old English wiþ (English with).

Alternative forms

• वि- (vi-) (combining form)

Adverb

वि • (ví)

1. apart
2. asunder
3. in different directions
4. to and fro, about
5. away, away from
6. off
7. without

Preposition

वि • (ví) (+ accusative)

1. through
2. between

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hwíṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hwíš, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éwis (“bird”). Cognate with Latin avis (“bird”), Ancient Greek ἀετός (aetós, “eagle”), Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀 (vaiia).

Alternative forms

• वय् (váy)

Noun

वि • (ví) stem, m

1. a bird
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.48.6:

     वि या सृ॒जति॒ सम॑नं॒ व्य१॒॑र्थिन॑: प॒दं न वे॒त्योद॑ती।
     वयो॒ नकि॑ष्टे पप्ति॒वांस॑ आसते॒ व्यु॑ष्टौ वाजिनीवति॥

     ví yā́ sṛjáti sámanaṃ vyàrthína: padáṃ ná vetyódatī.
     váyo nákiṣṭe paptivā́ṃsa āsate vyùṣṭau vājinīvati.

     She sends the busy forth, each man to his pursuit: delay she knows not as she springs.
     O rich in opulence, after thy dawning birds that have flown forth no longer rest.

Inflection

Masculine i-stem declension of वि (ví)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	विः / वेः víḥ / véḥ	वी vī́	वयः váyaḥ
Vocative	वे vé	वी vī́	वयः váyaḥ
Accusative	विम् vím	वी vī́	वीन् vī́n
Instrumental	विना / व्या¹ vínā / vyā́¹	विभ्याम् víbhyām	विभिः víbhiḥ
Dative	वये váye	विभ्याम् víbhyām	विभ्यः víbhyaḥ
Ablative	वेः / व्यः¹ véḥ / vyáḥ¹	विभ्याम् víbhyām	विभ्यः víbhyaḥ
Genitive	वेः / व्यः¹ véḥ / vyáḥ¹	व्योः vyóḥ	वीनाम् vīnā́m
Locative	वौ / वा¹ vaú / vā́¹	व्योः vyóḥ	विषु víṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “वि”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 949, column 3.