शी

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

শী (Assamese script)
ᬰᬷ (Balinese script)
শী (Bengali script)
𑰫𑰱 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀰𑀻 (Brahmi script)
ၐီ (Burmese script)
શી (Gujarati script)
ਸ਼ੀ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌶𑍀 (Grantha script)
ꦯꦷ (Javanese script)
𑂬𑂲 (Kaithi script)
ಶೀ (Kannada script)
ឝី (Khmer script)
ຨີ (Lao script)
ശീ (Malayalam script)
ᡧᡳᡳ (Manchu script)
𑘫𑘲 (Modi script)
ᠱᠢᠢ (Mongolian script)
𑧋𑧓 (Nandinagari script)
𑐱𑐷 (Newa script)
ଶୀ (Odia script)
ꢯꢷ (Saurashtra script)
𑆯𑆵 (Sharada script)
𑖫𑖱 (Siddham script)
ශී (Sinhalese script)
𑩿𑩑𑩛 (Soyombo script)
𑚧𑚯 (Takri script)
ஶீ (Tamil script)
శీ (Telugu script)
ศี (Thai script)
ཤཱི (Tibetan script)
𑒬𑒲 (Tirhuta script)
𑨮𑨁𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕiː/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɕiː/

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *ḱey-

Sanskrit शी (śī)

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱey-.^[1]

Alternative forms

शय् (śay)

Root

शी • (śī)^[2]

to lie, lie down, recline, rest, repose

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root शी (0 c, 10 e)

Terms derived from the Sanskrit root शी (2 c, 0 e)

Primary Verbal Forms

शेते (śéte, Present)
शयति (śáyati, Present)
शयीत (śayīta, Optative Mood)
शयिष्यते (śayiṣyáte, Future)
शेष्यते (śeṣyáte, Future)
शयिता (śayitā́, Periphrastic Future)
अशयिष्ट (áśayiṣṭa, Aorist)
शिश्ये (śiśye, Perfect)

Secondary Forms

शय्यते (śayyáte, Passive)
अशायि (áśāyi, Passive Aorist)
शाययति (śāyáyati, Causative)
अशीशयत् (áśīśayat, Causative Aorist)
शिशयिषते (śiśayiṣate, Desiderative)
शाशय्यते (śāśayyate, Intensive)
शेशेति (śeśeti, Intensive)

Non-Finite Forms

शयित (śayita, Past Participle)
शयितुम् (śayitum, Infinitive)
शयित्वा (śayitvā́, Gerund)
शय्य (śayya, Gerund)
शयितव्य (śayitavya, Gerundive)
शयनीय (śayanīya, Gerundive)
शिशयिषु (śiśayiṣu, Desiderative Participle)

Derived Nominal Forms

शय (śaya)
शी (śī)
शया (śayā)
शयिन् (śayin)
शय्या (śayyā)
शायक (śāyaka)
शयन (śayana)
शयु (śayú)
शयथ (śayatha)
शीथ (śītha)
शीम (śīma)
शयालु (śayālu)

Prefixed Root Forms

अतिशी (atiśī)
अधिशी (adhiśī)
अनुशी (anuśī)
अभिशी (abhiśī)
आशी (āśī)
उच्छी (ucchī)
उपशी (upaśī)
निःशी (niḥśī)
परिशी (pariśī)
प्रतिशी (pratiśī)
संशी (saṃśī)

Adjective

शी • (śī) stem (root शी)

(at the end of a compound) lying, resting

Declension

Masculine ī-stem declension of शी (śī)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शीः śīḥ	शियौ śiyau	शियः śiyaḥ
Vocative	शीः śīḥ	शियौ śiyau	शियः śiyaḥ
Accusative	शियम् śiyam	शियौ śiyau	शियः śiyaḥ
Instrumental	शिया śiyā	शीभ्याम् śībhyām	शीभिः śībhiḥ
Dative	शिये / शियै¹ śiye / śiyai¹	शीभ्याम् śībhyām	शीभ्यः śībhyaḥ
Ablative	शियः / शियाः¹ / शियै² śiyaḥ / śiyāḥ¹ / śiyai²	शीभ्याम् śībhyām	शीभ्यः śībhyaḥ
Genitive	शियः / शियाः¹ / शियै² śiyaḥ / śiyāḥ¹ / śiyai²	शियोः śiyoḥ	शियाम् / शीनाम्¹ śiyām / śīnām¹
Locative	शियि / शियाम्¹ śiyi / śiyām¹	शियोः śiyoḥ	शीषु śīṣu
Notes	¹Later Sanskrit ²Brāhmaṇas

Feminine ī-stem declension of शी (śī)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शीः śīḥ	शियौ śiyau	शियः śiyaḥ
Vocative	शीः śīḥ	शियौ śiyau	शियः śiyaḥ
Accusative	शियम् śiyam	शियौ śiyau	शियः śiyaḥ
Instrumental	शिया śiyā	शीभ्याम् śībhyām	शीभिः śībhiḥ
Dative	शिये / शियै¹ śiye / śiyai¹	शीभ्याम् śībhyām	शीभ्यः śībhyaḥ
Ablative	शियः / शियाः¹ / शियै² śiyaḥ / śiyāḥ¹ / śiyai²	शीभ्याम् śībhyām	शीभ्यः śībhyaḥ
Genitive	शियः / शियाः¹ / शियै² śiyaḥ / śiyāḥ¹ / śiyai²	शियोः śiyoḥ	शियाम् / शीनाम्¹ śiyām / śīnām¹
Locative	शियि / शियाम्¹ śiyi / śiyām¹	शियोः śiyoḥ	शीषु śīṣu
Notes	¹Later Sanskrit ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter ī-stem declension of शी (śī)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शीः śīḥ	शियौ śiyau	शियः śiyaḥ
Vocative	शीः śīḥ	शियौ śiyau	शियः śiyaḥ
Accusative	शियम् śiyam	शियौ śiyau	शियः śiyaḥ
Instrumental	शिया śiyā	शीभ्याम् śībhyām	शीभिः śībhiḥ
Dative	शिये / शियै¹ śiye / śiyai¹	शीभ्याम् śībhyām	शीभ्यः śībhyaḥ
Ablative	शियः / शियाः¹ / शियै² śiyaḥ / śiyāḥ¹ / śiyai²	शीभ्याम् śībhyām	शीभ्यः śībhyaḥ
Genitive	शियः / शियाः¹ / शियै² śiyaḥ / śiyāḥ¹ / śiyai²	शियोः śiyoḥ	शियाम् / शीनाम्¹ śiyām / śīnām¹
Locative	शियि / शियाम्¹ śiyi / śiyām¹	शियोः śiyoḥ	शीषु śīṣu
Notes	¹Later Sanskrit ²Brāhmaṇas

Noun

शी • (śī) stem, f (root शी)

sleep, repose
devotion, tranquility

Declension

Feminine ī-stem declension of शी (śī)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शीः śīḥ	शियौ śiyau	शियः śiyaḥ
Vocative	शीः śīḥ	शियौ śiyau	शियः śiyaḥ
Accusative	शियम् śiyam	शियौ śiyau	शियः śiyaḥ
Instrumental	शिया śiyā	शीभ्याम् śībhyām	शीभिः śībhiḥ
Dative	शिये / शियै¹ śiye / śiyai¹	शीभ्याम् śībhyām	शीभ्यः śībhyaḥ
Ablative	शियः / शियाः¹ / शियै² śiyaḥ / śiyāḥ¹ / śiyai²	शीभ्याम् śībhyām	शीभ्यः śībhyaḥ
Genitive	शियः / शियाः¹ / शियै² śiyaḥ / śiyāḥ¹ / śiyai²	शियोः śiyoḥ	शियाम् / शीनाम्¹ śiyām / śīnām¹
Locative	शियि / शियाम्¹ śiyi / śiyām¹	शियोः śiyoḥ	शीषु śīṣu
Notes	¹Later Sanskrit ²Brāhmaṇas

Etymology 2

Of unclear origin. The root has been brought into a suppletive relationship with शत् (śat, “to hew”) and शद् (śad, “to fall, fall off”), with older theories entertaining a possible relation with either root, particularly शत् (śat), but this is uncertain. Other theories linking the root to श्यै (śyai, “to congeal, freeze”) have caused controversy.^[3]^[4]

Alternative forms

शीय् (śīy)

Root

शी • (śī)^[5]

to fall out or away, disappear, vanish

Derived terms

शीयते (śīyate)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “शी”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1077, column 1.

^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 613-4; 642
^ William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 174
^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[2] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 642; 643
^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎^[3] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 350
^ William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 173

[1] Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 613-4; 642

[2] William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 174

[3] Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[2] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 642; 643

[4] Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎^[3] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 350

[5] William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 173

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