থাকা
See also: থেকে
Assamese
editAlternative forms
edit- থকা (thoka) — Eastern Standard
Etymology
editAssamese verb set |
---|
থাক (thak) |
থাকা (thaka) |
থাকোৱা (thaküa) |
থাকোওৱা (thaküüa) |
Inherited from Magadhi Prakrit 𑀣𑀓𑁆𑀓 (thakka), from Ashokan Prakrit *𑀲𑁆𑀣𑀓𑁆𑀓𑁆 (*sthakk), probably from an extension of Sanskrit স্থা (sthā, “to stand, stay”).
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editথাকা • (thaka) (Central Standard)
Verb
editথাকা • (thaka) (intransitive) (Central Standard)
Conjugation
editimpersonal forms of থাকা
Affirmative (+) | Negative (-) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Stem | থাক thak |
নাথাক nathak | |
Gerund, Past participle, Agentive | থাকা thaka |
নাথাকা nathaka | |
Conjugative | {{{cn}}} {{{cn-tr}}} |
{{{cn-1}}} {{{cn-1-tr}}} | |
Infinitive | থাকিব thakibo |
নাথাকিব nathakibo | |
Genitive infinitive | {{{gin}}} {{{gin-tr}}} |
{{{gin-1}}} {{{gin-1-tr}}} | |
Goal | থাকিবলৈ thakiboloi |
নাথাকিবলৈ nathakiboloi | |
Terminative | {{{trm}}} {{{trm-tr}}} |
{{{trm-1}}} {{{trm-1-tr}}} | |
Future passive participle | {{{fpp}}} {{{fpp-tr}}} |
{{{fpp-1}}} {{{fpp-1-tr}}} | |
Agentive (emphatic) | (♂) | থাকোঁতা thakü̃ta |
নাথাকোঁতা nathakü̃ta |
♀ | {{{agenf}}} {{{agenf-tr}}} |
{{{agenf-1}}} {{{agenf-1-tr}}} | |
Contingent | থাকোঁতে thakü͂te |
নাথাকোঁতে nathakü͂te | |
Progressive participle | থাকোঁতে - থাকোঁতে thakü͂te - thakü͂te |
নাথাকোঁতে - নাথাকোঁতে nathakü͂te - nathakü͂te | |
Reason | {{{rs}}} {{{rs-tr}}} |
{{{rs-1}}} {{{rs-1-tr}}} | |
Past conditional | {{{unk}}} {{{unk-tr}}} |
{{{unk-1}}} {{{unk-1-tr}}} | |
Future conditional | থাকিলে thakile |
নাথাকিলে nathakile | |
Perfect participle | থাকি thaki |
নাথাকি nathaki | |
Habitual participle | থাকি - থাকি thaki-thaki |
নাথাকি - নাথাকি nathaki - nathaki |
Conjugation forms of থাকা
Person | First person | Second person | Third person | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Very faml. & Inferior |
Familiar | Honorific | Non honorific | ||||
Singular | মই moi |
তই toi |
তুমি tumi |
আপুনি apuni |
তেওঁ etc teü͂ |
সি ♂, তাই ♀ etc xi ♂, tai ♀ | |
Plural | i | আমি ami |
তহঁত tohõt |
তোমালোক tümalük |
আপোনালোক apünalük |
তেওঁলোক teü͂lük |
সিহঁত etc xihõt |
t | তহঁতে tohõte |
তোমালোকে tümalüke |
আপোনালোকে apünalüke |
তেওঁলোকে teü͂lüke |
সিহঁতে etc xihõte | ||
Present | |||||||
Indefinite | + | থাকোঁ thakü͂ |
থাক thako |
থাকা thaka |
থাকে thake | ||
- | নাথাকোঁ nathakü͂ |
নাথাক nathako |
নাথাকা nathaka |
নাথাকে nathake | |||
Imperfective | + | থাকিছোঁ thakisü͂ |
থাকিছ thakiso |
থাকিছা thakisa |
থাকিছে thakise | ||
- | Imperfective | ||||||
থাকা নাই thaka nai | |||||||
"not about to" (usage is not common) | |||||||
{{{pres-perf-5}}} {{{pres-perf-5-tr}}} |
{{{pres-perf-6vf}}} {{{pres-perf-6vf-tr}}} |
{{{pres-perf-6f}}} {{{pres-perf-6f-tr}}} |
{{{pres-perf-7}}} {{{pres-perf-7-tr}}} | ||||
Continuous | + | থাকি আছোঁ thaki asü͂ |
থাকি আছ thaki aso |
থাকি আছা thaki asa |
থাকি আছে thaki ase | ||
- | থাকি থাকা নাই thaki thaka nai | ||||||
Past | |||||||
Simple | + | থাকিলোঁ thakilü͂ |
থাকিলি thakili |
থাকিলা thakila |
থাকিলে thakile | ||
- | নাথাকিলোঁ nathakilü͂ |
নাথাকিলি nathakili |
নাথাকিলা nathakila |
নাথাকিলে nathakile | |||
Imperfective | + | থাকিছিলোঁ thakisilü͂ |
থাকিছিলি thakisili |
থাকিছিলা thakisila |
থাকিছিলে thakisile | ||
- | Imperfective | ||||||
নাথাকিছিলোঁ nathakisilü͂ |
নাথাকিছিলি nathakisili |
নাথাকিছিলা nathakisila |
নাথাকিছিলে nathakisile | ||||
Habitual | |||||||
{{{past-simp-7}}} {{{past-simp-7-tr}}} |
{{{past-simp-8vf}}} {{{past-simp-8vf-tr}}} |
{{{past-simp-8f}}} {{{past-simp-8f-tr}}} |
{{{past-simp-9}}} {{{past-simp-9-tr}}} | ||||
Continuous | + | থাকি আছিলোঁ thaki asilü͂ |
থাকি আছিলি thaki asili |
থাকি আছিলা thaki asila |
থাকি আছিলে thaki asile | ||
- | থাকি থাকা নাছিলোঁ thaki thaka nasilü͂ |
থাকি থাকা নাছিলি thaki thaka nasili |
থাকি থাকা নাছিলা thaki thaka nasila |
থাকি থাকা নাছিলে thaki thaka nasile | |||
Future | |||||||
Indicative | + | থাকিম thakim |
থাকিবি thakibi |
থাকিবা thakiba |
থাকিব thakibo | ||
- | Indicative | ||||||
নাথাকোঁ nathakü͂ |
নাথাক nathako |
নাথাকা nathaka |
নাথাকে nathake | ||||
"Perhaps" | |||||||
নাথাকিম nathakim |
নাথাকিবি nathakibi |
নাথাকিবা nathakiba |
নাথাকিব nathakibo | ||||
Continuous | + | থাকি থাকিম thaki thakim |
থাকি থাকিবি thaki thakibi |
থাকি থাকিবা thaki thakiba |
থাকি থাকিব thaki thakibo | ||
- | |||||||
Indicative | |||||||
থাকি নাথাকিম thaki nathakim |
থাকি নাথাকিবি thaki nathakibi |
থাকি নাথাকিবা thaki nathakiba |
থাকি নাথাকিব thaki nathakibo | ||||
"Perhaps" | |||||||
{{{fut-cont-7}}} {{{fut-cont-7-tr}}} |
{{{fut-cont-8vf}}} {{{fut-cont-8vf-tr}}} |
{{{fut-cont-8f}}} {{{fut-cont-8f-tr}}} |
{{{fut-cont-9}}} {{{fut-cont-9-tr}}} | ||||
Others | |||||||
Imperative | + | থাকোঁ thakü͂ |
থাক thak |
{{{imp-1a}}} {{{imp-1a-tr}}} |
থাকক thakok | ||
- | — | নাথাকিবি nathakibi |
নাথাকিবা nathakiba |
নাথাকিব nathakibo | |||
❋ Note 1: i = for intransitive verbs, t = for transitive verbs. The suffix -এ (-e) marks ergative case. | |||||||
❋ Note 2: Sometimes -হঁক (-hõk) or less commonly -হঁত (-hõt) suffix is used for plural pronouns, like আমি কৰোহঁক (ami korühõk), আপোনালোক আহিলেহঁক (apünalük ahilehõk) etc. | |||||||
❋ Note 3: For intransitive verbs like যোৱা (züa, “to go”) the 3rd person suffix -এ (-e) in simple past tense is not used, like সি গ’ল (xi göl), not সি গ’লে (xi göle). | |||||||
❋ Note 4: Other 3rd person pronouns have the same conjugation. Click here to see other personal pronouns. |
References
edit- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “sthakk”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
Bengali
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editInherited from Magadhi Prakrit 𑀣𑀓𑁆𑀓 (thakka), from Ashokan Prakrit *𑀲𑁆𑀣𑀓𑁆𑀓𑁆 (*sthakk), probably from an extension of Sanskrit स्था (sthā, “to stand, stay”). Doublet of স্থান (sthan), স্তান (stan, “place”), থানা (thana, “police station”), ঠাঁই (ṭhãi, “place”), স্থল (sthol, “ground, land”), থালা (thala, “plate”), স্থাপন (sthapon, “placing”), স্থাপত্য (sthapotto, “architecture”), ঠিক (ṭhik, “correct, right”), ঠিকানা (ṭhikana, “place, address”) and স্থিত (sthito, “fixed, located”).
Pronunciation
editVerb
editথাকা • (thaka)
- to live, to reside
- আপনি কোথায় থাকেন? ― apni kōthaẏ thakeno? ― Where do you live?
- to stay; to remain
- এখানে থাকুন। ― ekhane thakun. ― Stay here.
Conjugation
editimpersonal forms of থাকা
verbal noun | থাকা (thaka) |
---|---|
infinitive | থাকতে (thakte) |
progressive participle | থাকতে-থাকতে (thakte-thakte) |
conditional participle | থাকলে (thakle) |
perfect participle | থেকে (theke) |
habitual participle | থেকে-থেকে (theke-theke) |
conjugation of থাকা
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
very familiar | familiar | familiar | polite | |||
singular | আমি (ami) | তুই (tui) | তুমি (tumi) | এ (e), ও (ō), সে (se) |
আপনি (apni) | ইনি (ini), উনি (uni), তিনি (tini) |
plural | আমরা (amra) | তোরা (tora) | তোমরা (tomra) | এরা (era), ওরা (ōra), তারা (tara) |
আপনারা (apnara) | এঁরা (ẽra), ওঁরা (ō̃ra), তাঁরা (tãra) |
simple present | থাকি (thaki) |
থাকিস (thakiś) |
থাকো (thako) |
থাকে (thake) |
থাকেন (thaken) | |
present continuous | থাকছি (thakchi) |
থাকছিস (thakchiś) |
থাকছ (thakcho) |
থাকছে (thakche) |
থাকছেন (thakchen) | |
present perfect | থেকেছি (thekechi) |
থেকেছিস (thekechiś) |
থেকেছ (thekecho) |
থেকেছে (thekeche) |
থেকেছেন (thekechen) | |
simple past | থাকলাম (thaklam) |
থাকলি (thakli) |
থাকলে (thakle) |
থাকল (thaklo) |
থাকলেন (thaklen) | |
past continuous | থাকছিলাম (thakchilam) |
থাকছিলি (thakchili) |
থাকছিলে (thakchile) |
থাকছিল (thakchilo) |
থাকছিলেন (thakchilen) | |
past perfect | থেকেছিলাম (thekechilam) |
থেকেছিলি (thekechili) |
থেকেছিলে (thekechile) |
থেকেছিল (thekechilo) |
থেকেছিলেন (thekechilen) | |
habitual/conditional past | থাকতাম (thaktam) |
থাকতিস/থাকতি (thaktiś/thakti) |
থাকতে (thakte) |
থাকত (thakto) |
থাকতেন (thakten) | |
future | থাকব (thakbo) |
থাকবি (thakbi) |
থাকবে (thakbe) |
থাকবে (thakbe) |
থাকবেন (thakben) |
Derived terms
edit- থাকানো (thakano)
Categories:
- Assamese terms inherited from Magadhi Prakrit
- Assamese terms derived from Magadhi Prakrit
- Assamese terms inherited from Ashokan Prakrit
- Assamese terms derived from Ashokan Prakrit
- Assamese terms inherited from Sanskrit
- Assamese terms derived from Sanskrit
- Assamese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Assamese lemmas
- Assamese adjectives
- Central Standard Assamese
- Assamese verbs
- Assamese intransitive verbs
- Assamese terms with usage examples
- Bengali terms inherited from Magadhi Prakrit
- Bengali terms derived from Magadhi Prakrit
- Bengali terms inherited from Ashokan Prakrit
- Bengali terms derived from Ashokan Prakrit
- Bengali terms inherited from Sanskrit
- Bengali terms derived from Sanskrit
- Bengali doublets
- Bengali terms with IPA pronunciation
- Bengali terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Bengali/aka
- Rhymes:Bengali/aka/2 syllables
- Bengali lemmas
- Bengali verbs
- Bengali terms with usage examples