ἐτεός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Possibly cognate with Armenian ստոյգ (stoyg), from Proto-Indo-European *set- (“stable, true”) (Beekes, 2010).

However, compare Sanskrit सत्य (satya), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hsatyás, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁s-n̥t-yós, from *h₁sónts, from *h₁es- (“to be”), in addition to Albanian jetë.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /e.te.ós/ → /e.teˈos/ → /e.teˈos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /e.te.ós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /e.teˈos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /e.teˈos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /e.teˈos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /e.teˈos/

Adjective

ἐτεός • (eteós) m (feminine ἐτεᾱ́ or ἐτεή, neuter ἐτεόν); first/second declension

1. in accordance with reality or one's honest perception of it: true, genuine
2. neuter accusative singular ἐτεόν (eteón) as adverb, often preceded by εἰ (ei): truly, in fact, rightly
   1. (in Aristophanes, interrogative) really?
3. (in Democritus) feminine ἐτεή (eteḗ) as substantive: reality
   1. ἐτεῇ (eteêi): in reality

Usage notes

Not used in masculine.

Inflection

First and second declension of ἐτεός; ἐτεᾱ́; ἐτεόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ἐτεός eteós	ἐτεᾱ́ eteā́	ἐτεόν eteón		ἐτεώ eteṓ	ἐτεᾱ́ eteā́	ἐτεώ eteṓ		ἐτεοί eteoí	ἐτεαί eteaí	ἐτεᾰ́ eteá
Genitive		ἐτεοῦ eteoû	ἐτεᾶς eteâs	ἐτεοῦ eteoû		ἐτεοῖν eteoîn	ἐτεαῖν eteaîn	ἐτεοῖν eteoîn		ἐτεῶν eteôn	ἐτεῶν eteôn	ἐτεῶν eteôn
Dative		ἐτεῷ eteôi	ἐτεᾷ eteâi	ἐτεῷ eteôi		ἐτεοῖν eteoîn	ἐτεαῖν eteaîn	ἐτεοῖν eteoîn		ἐτεοῖς eteoîs	ἐτεαῖς eteaîs	ἐτεοῖς eteoîs
Accusative		ἐτεόν eteón	ἐτεᾱ́ν eteā́n	ἐτεόν eteón		ἐτεώ eteṓ	ἐτεᾱ́ eteā́	ἐτεώ eteṓ		ἐτεούς eteoús	ἐτεᾱ́ς eteā́s	ἐτεᾰ́ eteá
Vocative		ἐτεέ eteé	ἐτεᾱ́ eteā́	ἐτεόν eteón		ἐτεώ eteṓ	ἐτεᾱ́ eteā́	ἐτεώ eteṓ		ἐτεοί eteoí	ἐτεαί eteaí	ἐτεᾰ́ eteá
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		ἐτεῶς eteôs				ἐτεώτερος eteṓteros				ἐτεώτᾰτος eteṓtatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• Ἐτεοβουτάδης (Eteoboutádēs)
• Ἐτεοκλῆς (Eteoklês)
• Ἐτεόνικος (Eteónikos)
• ἐτήτυμος (etḗtumos)
• ἔτυμος (étumos)

 

Descendants

• → English: eteo-

References

• “ἐτεός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἐτεός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ἐτεός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page ἐτεός of 474-475
• ἐτεός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963