ἕδος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *hédos, from Proto-Indo-European *sédos, from *sed- (“to sit”). Cognate with Sanskrit सदस् (sadas).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /hé.dos/ → /ˈe.ðos/ → /ˈe.ðos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /hé.dos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈ(h)e.dos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈe.ðos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈe.ðos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈe.ðos/

Noun

ἕδος • (hédos) n (genitive ἕδεος or ἕδους); third declension

1. a seat
2. the act of sitting

Declension

Third declension of τὸ ἕδος; τοῦ ἕδους (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ ἕδος tò hédos	τὼ ἕδει tṑ hédei	τᾰ̀ ἕδη tà hédē
Genitive	τοῦ ἕδους toû hédous	τοῖν ἑδοῖν toîn hedoîn	τῶν ἑδῶν tôn hedôn
Dative	τῷ ἕδει tôi hédei	τοῖν ἑδοῖν toîn hedoîn	τοῖς ἕδεσῐ / ἕδεσῐν toîs hédesi(n)
Accusative	τὸ ἕδος tò hédos	τὼ ἕδει tṑ hédei	τᾰ̀ ἕδη tà hédē
Vocative	ἕδος hédos	ἕδει hédei	ἕδη hédē
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of ἕδος; ἕδεος (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἕδος hédos	ἕδει / ἕδεε hédei / hédee	ἕδεᾰ hédea
Genitive	ἕδεος / ἕδευς hédeos / hédeus	ἑδέοιν hedéoin	ἑδέων hedéōn
Dative	ἕδει / ἕδεῐ̈ hédei / hédeï	ἑδέοιν hedéoin	ἕδεσῐ / ἕδεσῐν hédesi(n)
Accusative	ἕδος hédos	ἕδει / ἕδεε hédei / hédee	ἕδεᾰ hédea
Vocative	ἕδος hédos	ἕδει / ἕδεε hédei / hédee	ἕδεᾰ hédea
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Related terms

• ἕδρα (hédra)
• ἕζομαι (hézomai)
• ἵζω (hízō)
• ὁδός (hodós)

 

Further reading

• “ἕδος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ἕδος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἕδος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “ἕδος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press