See also: and 𢀑
U+4E94, 五
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E94

[U+4E93]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+4E95]
U+3224, ㈤
PARENTHESIZED IDEOGRAPH FIVE

[U+3223]
Enclosed CJK Letters and Months
[U+3225]
U+3284, ㊄
CIRCLED IDEOGRAPH FIVE

[U+3283]
Enclosed CJK Letters and Months
[U+3285]
Commons:Category
Commons:Category
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Translingual

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Stroke order
 
Stroke order
 

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 7, +2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 一木一 (MDM), four-corner 10107, composition 𫝀 or or 𠃍)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 86, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 257
  • Dae Jaweon: page 178, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 11, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+4E94

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
         



References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Originally written 𠄡, consisting of with a bar on the top and bottom. One hypothesis explains that this may have meant five because when counting on a single hand, one first counts to five and then crosses back the other way to ten.

In , the upper component (𫝀) is the stylization of a footprint, hence it is similar but unrelated to 五.

Etymology 1

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simp. and trad.
alternative forms financial

𠄡
𫝀

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *l/b-ŋa (five).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • ng3 - vernacular;
  • u3 - literary (e.g. 五香).
Note:
  • ngô - vernacular;
  • ngū - literary.
Note:
  • ngou5 - vernacular;
  • gou3 - literary.
Note:
  • gō͘/gǒ͘/ňg - vernacular;
  • ngó͘/gó͘/gú - literary.
Note:
  • ngou6 - vernacular;
  • ngou2, u2 - literary.
    • (Leizhou)
      • Leizhou Pinyin: ngeu6 / ngu2
      • Sinological IPA: /ŋɛu³³/, /ŋu³¹/
Note:
  • ngeu6 - vernacular;
  • ngu2 - literary.
Note:
  • ng - vernacular;
  • (o)u, wu - literary;
  • 6ng (Hangzhou) - younger speakers only, influenced by nearby lects.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (31)
Final () (23)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter nguX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ŋuoX/
Pan
Wuyun
/ŋuoX/
Shao
Rongfen
/ŋoX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ŋɔX/
Li
Rong
/ŋoX/
Wang
Li
/ŋuX/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ŋuoX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ng5
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ nguX ›
Old
Chinese
/*C.ŋˁaʔ/
English five

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 13147
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ŋaːʔ/

Definitions

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  1. five
  2. a surname. Wu (mainland China, Taiwan), Ng (Hong Kong)
  3. (printing) The size of type between 小五 (xiǎowǔ) (little 5) and 小四 (xiǎosì) (little 4), standardized as 10½ point.

See also

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Chinese numbers
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 102 103 104 106 108 1012
Normal
(小寫小写)
, , , , ,
十千 (Malaysia, Singapore)
百萬百万,
(Philippines),
面桶 (Philippines)
亿 (Taiwan)
萬億万亿 (Mainland China)
Financial
(大寫大写)

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: () (go)
  • Korean: 오(五) (o)
  • Vietnamese: ngũ ()

Others:

Etymology 2

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simp. and trad.

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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  1. (music) Kunqu gongche notation for the note la (6).
  2. (music) Cantonese opera gongche notation for the note la (6).

Derived terms

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References

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  • ”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 236.
  • 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 407.

Japanese

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Japanese cardinal numbers
 <  4 5 6  > 
    Cardinal :

Kanji

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(First grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. five

Readings

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Compounds

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
いつ
Grade: 1
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *etu.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(いつ) (itsu

  1. five
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term

Grade: 1
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese (MC nguX). Compare modern Hokkien reading gō͘.

Pronunciation

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  • Audio:(file)

Noun

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() (go

  1. five
  2. a name of a hole of a wind instrument
Coordinate terms
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Japanese numbers
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Regular (れい) (rei)
(ゼロ) (zero)
(いち) (ichi) () (ni) (さん) (san) (よん) (yon)
() (shi)
() (go) (ろく) (roku) (なな) (nana)
(しち) (shichi)
(はち) (hachi) (きゅう) (kyū)
() (ku)
(じゅう) ()
Formal (いち) (ichi) () (ni) (さん) (san) (じゅう) ()
90 100 300 600 800 1,000 3,000 8,000 10,000 100,000,000
Regular (きゅう)(じゅう) (kyūjū) (ひゃく) (hyaku)
(いっ)(ぴゃく) (ippyaku)
(さん)(びゃく) (sanbyaku) (ろっ)(ぴゃく) (roppyaku) (はっ)(ぴゃく) (happyaku) (せん) (sen)
(いっ)(せん) (issen)
(さん)(ぜん) (sanzen) (はっ)(せん) (hassen) (いち)(まん) (ichiman) (いち)(おく) (ichioku)
Formal (いち)(まん) (ichiman)
1012 8×1012 1013 1016 6×1016 8×1016 1017 1018
(いっ)(ちょう) (itchō) (はっ)(ちょう) (hatchō) (じゅっ)(ちょう) (jutchō) (いっ)(けい) (ikkei) (ろっ)(けい) (rokkei) (はっ)(けい) (hakkei) (じゅっ)(けい) (jukkei) (ひゃっ)(けい) (hyakkei)

Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term

Grade: 1
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

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Noun

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() (i

  1. five

Korean

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Etymology

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Korean numbers (edit)
50
 ←  4 5 6  → 
    Native isol.: 다섯 (daseot)
    Native attr.: 다섯 (daseot), (archaic) (dat)
    Sino-Korean: (o)
    Hanja:
    Ordinal: 다섯째 (daseotjjae)

From Middle Chinese (MC nguX).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 ᅌᅩᆼ〯 (Yale: ngwǒ)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] 다ᄉᆞᆺ〮 (Yale: tàsós) 오〯 (Yale: )

Pronunciation

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  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [o̞(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 다섯 (daseot o))

  1. hanja form? of (five)

Compounds

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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Việt readings: ngũ[1][2][3][4]
: Nôm readings: ngũ[1][3][5], ngủ[1], ngỗ[1]

  1. chữ Hán form of ngũ (five).

Compounds

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References

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Zhuang

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Numeral

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  1. Sawndip form of haj (five)
  NODES
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Note 12
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