作奸犯科

Chinese

		to regard as; to take (someone) for; to do to regard as; to take (someone) for; to do; to make	traitor	to violate; to offend	branch of study; administrative section; division branch of study; administrative section; division; field; branch; stage directions; family (taxonomy); rules; laws; to mete out (punishment); to levy (taxes, etc.); to fine someone
trad. (作奸犯科/作姦犯科)		作	奸/姦	犯	科
simp. (作奸犯科)		作	奸	犯	科

Etymology

From Chu Shi Biao by 諸葛亮 (Zhuge Liang):

若有作奸犯科及為忠善者，宜付有司論其刑賞。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]

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若有作奸犯科及为忠善者，宜付有司论其刑赏。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

From: 227, 諸葛亮 (Zhuge Liang), 出師表

Ruò yǒu zuòjiānfànkē jí wéi zhōngshàn zhě, yí fù yǒusī lùn qí xíngshǎng. [Pinyin]

Any person who commits an offence or renders meritorious service to the State should be handed over to the appropriate authority, who will then make the decision on what punishment or reward to be given out.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zuòjiānfànkē

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄨㄛˋ ㄐㄧㄢ ㄈㄢˋ ㄎㄜ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zok³ gaan¹ faan⁶ fo¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zuòjiānfànkē
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄛˋ ㄐㄧㄢ ㄈㄢˋ ㄎㄜ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zuòjianfànke
    • Wade–Giles: tso⁴-chien¹-fan⁴-kʻo¹
    • Yale: dzwò-jyān-fàn-kē
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuohjianfannke
    • Palladius: цзоцзяньфанькэ (czoczjanʹfanʹkɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ fän⁵¹ kʰɤ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zok³ gaan¹ faan⁶ fo¹
    • Yale: jok gāan faahn fō
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzok⁸ gaan¹ faan⁶ fo¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zog³ gan¹ fan⁶ fo¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔːk̚³ kaːn⁵⁵ faːn²² fɔː⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: tsuH|tsaH|tsak kan bjomX khwa

Rime
Character	作	作	作	奸	犯	科
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3	1/1	1/1	1/2
Initial (聲)	精 (13)	精 (13)	精 (13)	見 (28)	並 (3)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	模 (23)	歌 (94)	鐸 (103)	寒 (61)	凡 (146)	戈 (95)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open	Open	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	I	I	I	I	III	I
Fanqie	臧祚切	則箇切	則落切	古寒切	防錽切	苦禾切
Baxter	tsuH	tsaH	tsak	kan	bjomX	khwa
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡suoH/	/t͡sɑH/	/t͡sɑk̚/	/kɑn/	/bɨɐmX/	/kʰuɑ/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡suoH/	/t͡sɑH/	/t͡sɑk̚/	/kɑn/	/biɐmX/	/kʰuɑ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡soH/	/t͡sɑH/	/t͡sɑk̚/	/kɑn/	/biɐmX/	/kʰuɑ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sɔH/	/t͡saH/	/t͡sak̚/	/kan/	/buamX/	/kʰwa/
Li Rong	/t͡soH/	/t͡sɑH/	/t͡sɑk̚/	/kɑn/	/biɐmX/	/kʰuɑ/
Wang Li	/t͡suH/	/t͡sɑH/	/t͡sɑk̚/	/kɑn/	/bĭwɐmX/	/kʰuɑ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡suoH/	/t͡sɑH/	/t͡sɑk̚/	/kɑn/	/bʱi̯wɐmX/	/kʰuɑ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zù	zuò	zuo	gān	fàn	kuō
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zou3	zo3	zok3	gon1	faan6	fo1

Verb

作奸犯科

1. to do evil and commit offence(s)

Synonyms

• 為非作歹／为非作歹 (wéifēizuòdǎi)