刈

See also: 苅, xii, and XII

刈	U+5208, 刈 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5208

← 切
[U+5207]

CJK Unified Ideographs

刉 →
[U+5209]

Translingual

Han character

刈 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 大中弓 (KLN), four-corner 4200₀, composition ⿰乂刂)

cut off, reap, mow
sickle

Derived characters

苅

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 136, character 10
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1859
Dae Jaweon: page 307, character 6
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 323, character 7
Unihan data for U+5208

Chinese

simp. and trad.		刈
alternative forms		乂苅艾𠛄𠚫乂苅艾𠛄𠚫𠛟

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (乂) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
艾	ŋaːds, ŋads
鴱	ŋaːds, ŋads
餀	*hŋaːds
刈	*ŋads
乂	*ŋads

Originally written as 乂. Now phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ŋads) and ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : phonetic 乂 (OC *ŋads, “to mow”) + semantic 刂 (“knife”). The phonetic component originally indicates a sickle, hence it also adds part of the meaning.

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-ŋa-p (“to mow, cut, reap”) (STEDT, Schuessler, 2007).

Cognate with Tibetan རྔ་བ (rnga ba), བརྔས (brngas), and colloquial Western Tibetan རྔབ་བ (rngab ba), which Coblin (1986) and STEDT treat as more conservative.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yì (yi⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄧˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ngaai⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ngāi

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yì
  - Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yì
  - Wade–Giles: i⁴
  - Yale: yì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
  - Palladius: и (i)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /i⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: ngaai⁶
  - Yale: ngaaih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ngaai⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: ngai⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋaːi̯²²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngāi
  - Tâi-lô: ngāi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ngai
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ŋãi²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ŋãi⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ŋãi²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ŋãi³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ŋãi³³/

Middle Chinese: ngjojH

Rime
Character	刈
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	廢 (27)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	魚肺切
Baxter	ngjojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɨɐi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋiɐi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋiɐi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋɨaj^H/
Li Rong	/ŋiɐi^H/
Wang Li	/ŋĭɐi^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ŋi̯ɐi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ngai⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*ŋa[t]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*ŋads/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	刈
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yì
Middle Chinese	‹ ngjoj^H ›
Old Chinese	/*ŋa[t]-s/
English	mow, cut
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	刈
Reading #	1/1
No.	14956
Phonetic component	乂
Rime group	祭
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	刈
Old Chinese	/*ŋads/

Definitions

刈

to mow; to cut; to weed
- 葛之覃兮、施于中谷。
  維葉莫莫、是刈是濩。
  為絺為綌、服之無斁。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
  葛之覃兮、施于中谷。
  维叶莫莫、是刈是濩。
  为𫄨为绤、服之无𭣧。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Gě zhī tán xī, shī yú zhōnggǔ.
  Wéi yè mòmò, shì yì shì huò.
  Wèi chī wèi xì, fú zhī wúyì. [Pinyin]
  How the dolichos spread itself out, extending to the middle of the valley!
  Its leaves were luxuriant and dense. I cut it and I boiled it,
  And made both fine cloth and coarse, which I will wear without getting tired of it.
(obsolete) crops that have been cut
- 一春違其農，二夏食其穀，三秋取其刈，四冬凍其葆。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  一春违其农，二夏食其谷，三秋取其刈，四冬冻其葆。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Lost Book of Zhou, circa 4^th – 1^st centuries BCE
  Yī chūn wéi qí nóng, èr xià shí qí gǔ, sān qiū qǔ qí yì, sì dōng dòng qí bǎo. [Pinyin]
  First, in spring encircle their farmlands; second, in summer eat their provisions; third, in autumn seize their harvests / crops, in winter expose their stores.
(literary) sickle
- 時雨既至，挾其槍、刈、耨、鎛，以旦暮從事於田野。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  时雨既至，挟其枪、刈、耨、镈，以旦暮从事于田野。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Guoyu, circa 4^th century BCE
  Shíyǔ jì zhì, xié qí qiāng, yì, nòu, bó, yǐ dànmù cóngshì yú tiányě. [Pinyin]
  When the timely seasonal rain is just come, [they farmers] clasp their stakes, sickles, weeders, and hoes to work from dawn to dusk in the fields.
(literary) to kill; to chop; to lop
(literary) to eradicate; to eliminate
a surname

Compounds

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 刈 – see 割 (“to cut; to cut off; to sever; to divide; to cut apart; to break up; to partition; to split; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 割).
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Japanese

Kanji

刈

(Jōyō kanji)

reap, cut (grass or other plants), prune

Readings

Go-on: げ (ge)
Kan-on: がい (gai)
On: かい (kai)
Kun: かる (karu, 刈る, Jōyō)
Nanori: かっ (ka')

Compounds

刈(か)る (karu, “cut, mow, harvest”)
刈(か)り込(こ)む (karikomu, “cut, dress, prune”)
刈(か)り取(と)る (karitoru, “mow, reap, harvest”)
刈(か)り入(い)れ (kariire, “harvest”)
刈(か)り立(た)て (karitate, “new mown, newly cut”)
稲(いね)刈(か)り (inekari, “rice reaping”)
草(くさ)刈(か)り (kusakari, “mowing, mower”)
丸(まる)刈(が)り (marugari, “close clipping”)

Korean

Hanja

刈 (eumhun 깍을 예 (kkageul ye))

hanja form^? of 예 (“to mow”)

Compounds

예초기 (刈草機, yechogi, “grass mower”)

Vietnamese

Han character

刈: Hán Nôm readings: ngãi

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