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Translingual
editHan character
edit唐 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 戈中口 (ILR), four-corner 00267, composition ⿸广⿱肀口)
Derived characters
editReferences
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 192, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3709
- Dae Jaweon: page 411, character 20
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 633, character 5
- Unihan data for U+5510
Bailang
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Sino-Tibetan *mraŋ. Compare Burmese မြင် (mrang, “to see”).
Verb
edit唐 (*lˤɑŋ)
- to see
References
edit- Hill, Nathan W. (2017) “Songs of the Bailang: A New Transcription with Etymological Commentary”, in Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient[1], volume 103, pages 386—429
Chinese
editsimp. and trad. |
唐 | |
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alternative forms | 𡃯 𣉺 𥏬 |
Glyph origin
editHistorical forms of the character 唐 |
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Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Small seal script |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡl'aːŋ) : phonetic 庚 (OC *kraːŋ) + semantic 口 (“mouth”) – to exaggerate, to boast. 唐 and 庚 were near-homophones in Old Chinese. The phonetic component on top 庚 today appears slightly contracted (the bottom part 人 is missing).
Etymology
editEither related to 途 (OC *l'aː) (Wang, 1982) or from Austroasiatic, compare Proto-Austroasiatic *glɔːŋ, whence Mon ဂၠံၚ်, Kensiu gəlɔŋ, Kuy khlù:aŋ (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): tang2
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): tong2
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): ton1
- Northern Min (KCR): dǒ̤ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): dòng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): dung2 / dng2 / dorng2
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6daon
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): dan2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄤˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: táng
- Wade–Giles: tʻang2
- Yale: táng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tarng
- Palladius: тан (tan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰɑŋ³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: tang2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: tang
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰaŋ²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: tong4
- Yale: tòhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: tong4
- Guangdong Romanization: tong4
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰɔːŋ²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: hong3
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɔŋ²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: tong2
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰɔŋ²⁴/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thòng
- Hakka Romanization System: tongˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: tong2
- Sinological IPA: /tʰoŋ¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: tong
- Sinological IPA: /tʰoŋ⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ton1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰɒ̃¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dǒ̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɔŋ²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dòng
- Sinological IPA (key): /touŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: dung2
- Sinological IPA (key): /tuŋ¹³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: dng2
- Sinological IPA (key): /tŋ̍¹³/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: dorng2
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɒŋ¹³/
- (Putian)
- dung2/dng2 - vernacular (less commonly used in surname);
- dorng2 - literary.
- Southern Min
- Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Zhangzhou, Taiwan:
- tn̂g - vernacular (incl. surname);
- tông - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: deng5 / tang5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tṳ̂ng / thâng
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɯŋ⁵⁵/, /tʰaŋ⁵⁵/
- deng5 - vernacular (more commonly used in surname);
- tang5 - literary.
- Middle Chinese: dang
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*r̥ˤaŋ/, /*[N-]rˤaŋ/, /*[N].rˤaŋ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡl'aːŋ/
Definitions
edit唐
- Used in 荒唐 (huāngtáng).; to exaggerate; to boast
- (literary) exaggerative; boastful
- (obsolete) vast; wide; extensive
- (obsolete) road inside temple
- 中唐有甓,邛有旨鷊。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Zhōngtáng yǒu pì, qióng yǒu zhǐ yì. [Pinyin]
- The middle path of the temple is covered with its tiles; on the height is the beautiful medallion plant.
中唐有甓,邛有旨鹝。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (literary) in vain; to no avail
- 50th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "vastness, emptiness, pointlessness" (𝌷)
- (~朝) Tang Dynasty (618–907)
- Later Tang (923–937), the second of the Five Dynasties during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period
- Southern Tang (937–976), a state in Southern China that existed during Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period
- Synonym: 南唐 (Nántáng)
- Tang, a legendary ancient Chinese dynasty established by Emperor Yao
- Synonym: 陶唐
- (figurative) China
- 唐人 ― tángrén ― Chinese person
- (obsolete) (alt. form 蓎) dodder (Cuscuta chinensis)
- (~縣) Tang county (a county of Baoding, Hebei, China)
- (~郡) Down (a county of Northern Ireland, United Kingdom)
- a surname
- 唐君毅 ― Táng Jūnyì ― Tang Chun-i (20th-century Chinese philosopher)
See also
editCompounds
edit- 中唐 (zhōngtáng)
- 二返投唐
- 全唐文
- 全唐詩 / 全唐诗
- 初唐 (Chūtáng)
- 初唐四傑 / 初唐四杰
- 劉唐下書 / 刘唐下书
- 半唐番 (bàntángfān, “half-Chinese person”)
- 南唐 (Nántáng)
- 唐三彩 (tángsāncǎi)
- 唐三絕 / 唐三绝
- 唐三藏 (Tángsānzàng)
- 唐人 (tángrén)
- 唐人街 (tángrénjiē, “Chinatown”)
- 唐努山
- 唐古喇山
- 唐古拉 (Tánggǔlā)
- 唐哉皇哉
- 唐堯 / 唐尧
- 唐塞
- 唐太宗
- 唐夷
- 唐家墩 (Tángjiādūn)
- 唐寧街 / 唐宁街 (Tángníng Jiē)
- 唐山 (Tángshān)
- 唐巷 (Tángxiàng)
- 唐巾
- 唐店 (Tángdiàn)
- 唐捐 (tángjuān)
- 唐明皇 (Tángmínghuáng)
- 唐晡囝
- 唐會要 / 唐会要
- 唐朝 (Tángcháo)
- 唐村 (Tángcūn)
- 唐樂 / 唐乐 (tángyuè)
- 唐氏症 (Tángshìzhèng)
- 唐沖 / 唐冲 (Tángchōng)
- 唐猊 (tángní)
- 唐猊鎧甲 / 唐猊铠甲 (tángní kǎijiǎ)
- 唐玄宗
- 唐突 (tángtū)
- 唐突西施
- 唐縣 / 唐县 (Tángxiàn)
- 唐老鴨 / 唐老鸭 (Tánglǎoyā)
- 唐臨晉帖 / 唐临晋帖
- 唐花 (tánghuā)
- 唐莊 / 唐庄 (Tángzhuāng)
- 唐菖蒲 (tángchāngpú)
- 唐虞 (Táng-Yú)
- 唐裝 / 唐装 (tángzhuāng)
- 唐話 / 唐话 (tánghuà)
- 唐詩 / 唐诗 (Tángshī)
- 唐韻 / 唐韵
- 唐餐 (tángcān)
- 唐高祖
- 四唐
- 大唐之歌
- 後唐 / 后唐 (Hòutáng)
- 撲唐唐 / 扑唐唐
- 放肆荒唐
- 新唐書 / 新唐书 (Xīntángshū)
- 晚唐 (Wǎntáng)
- 李唐 (Lǐtáng)
- 求馬唐肆 / 求马唐肆
- 盛唐 (Shèngtáng)
- 舊唐書 / 旧唐书 (Jiùtángshū)
- 苟且唐塞
- 荒唐 (huāngtáng)
- 荒唐不經 / 荒唐不经
- 荒唐之言
- 荒唐無稽 / 荒唐无稽
- 行唐 (xíngtáng)
- 遣唐使 (qiǎntángshǐ)
- 陶唐
- 陶唐氏
- 雲雨高唐 / 云雨高唐
- 頹唐 / 颓唐 (tuítáng)
- 馬唐 / 马唐 (mǎtáng)
- 馮唐易老 / 冯唐易老
- 高唐 (gāotáng)
Descendants
edit- → English: Tang, T'ang, Tong, Tng
- → Proto-Southwestern Tai: *daːŋᴬ² (“road; way”)
- → Thai: ถัง (tǎng, “Tang (dynasty)”)
References
editJapanese
editShinjitai | 唐 | |
Kyūjitai [1][2] |
唐󠄁 唐+ 󠄁 ?(Adobe-Japan1) |
|
唐󠄃 唐+ 󠄃 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji
editReadings
edit(Can we verify(+) this pronunciation?)
- Go-on: どう (dō)←だう (dau, historical)
- Kan-on: とう (tō, Jōyō)←たう (tau, historical)
- Tō-on: たん (tan)
- Kun: から (kara, 唐, Jōyō)、もろこし (morokoshi, 唐)
- Nanori: かろ (karo)
Compounds
editEtymology 1
editKanji in this term |
---|
唐 |
とう Grade: S |
on'yomi |
/tau/ → /tɔː/ → /toː/
From Middle Chinese 唐 (MC dang).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editDerived terms
editIdioms
edit- 唐へ投げ銀 (tō e nage-gane)
Proper noun
edit- (historical) name of various Chinese dynasties:
- the Tang dynasty (618-907 CE)
- the 後唐 (Kōtō, “Later Tang”) (923-937 CE)
- the 南唐 (Nantō, “Southern Tang”) (937–976 CE)
- (dated) China in general
Derived terms
editEtymology 2
editKanji in this term |
---|
唐 |
から Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
From 伽羅, a proper name from ancient Korean Peninsula.
Originally meant "China" during the Tang dynasty and "elements imported from China", then later expanded to mean "foreign lands in general" and "elements imported from foreign lands".
Pronunciation
editPrefix
editDerived terms
editNoun
edit- foreign lands in general
- Short for 唐織り (karaori): silk fabrics imported from China; an exquisitely-embroidered woman's kimono; a costume made in the karaori style used in Noh theater
Proper noun
edit- (formal, dated) the name of China during the Tang dynasty (618-907 CE).
Derived terms
editSee also
edit- 漢 (Kara, usually "China in the Han dynasty")
- 韓 (Kara, usually "Korea")
- 加羅, 伽羅, 迦羅 (Kara, “the Gaya confederacy”, original derivation)
- 呉 (Kure, “China during the Wu dynasty”)
Etymology 3
editKanji in this term |
---|
唐 |
もろこし Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 唐 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 唐, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
References
edit- ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, , page 454 (paper), page 277 (digital)
- ^ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, , page 299 (paper), page 161 (digital)
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
editHanja
editOkinawan
editKanji
editReadings
editEtymology
editKanji in this term |
---|
唐 |
とー Grade: S |
on'yomi |
Pronunciation
editProper noun
edit唐 (Tō)
Derived terms
editReferences
edit- “とー【唐】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.
Vietnamese
editHan character
edit唐: Hán Nôm readings: Đường, đường, đằng, đàng, giềng
- Tang dynasty
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- zh:Counties of China
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