嘯

See also: 啸 and 嘨

嘯 U+562F, 嘯 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-562F ← 嘮 [U+562E] CJK Unified Ideographs 嘰 → [U+5630]

Translingual

Traditional	嘯
Shinjitai (extended)	嘨
Simplified	啸

Han character

嘯 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 口中難 (RLX), four-corner 6502₇, composition ⿰口肅)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 206, character 32
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4246
• Dae Jaweon: page 429, character 31
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 694, character 11
• Unihan data for U+562F

Chinese

trad.		嘯
simp.		啸
alternative forms		歗／𰙑 嘨 哨

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 嘯
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (肅) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
簫	*sɯːw
蕭	*sɯːw
瀟	*sɯːw
潚	*sɯːw, *sɯwɢ
彇	*sɯːw
蟰	*sɯːw, *sɯwɢ
橚	*sɯːw, *sɯwɢ
嘯	*sɯːwɢs
歗	*sɯːwɢs
熽	*sɯːwɢs
繡	*sɯwɢs
鏽	*sɯwɢs
肅	*sɯwɢ
鷫	*sɯwɢ
驌	*sɯwɢ
鱐	*sɯwɢ
璛	*sɯwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sɯːwɢs) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 肅 (OC *sɯwɢ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiào (xiao⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄠˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): siu³ / siu⁶
• Eastern Min (BUC): siéu
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): siàu

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiào
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siào
    • Wade–Giles: hsiao⁴
    • Yale: syàu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiaw
    • Palladius: сяо (sjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: siu³ / siu⁶
    • Yale: siu / siuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: siu³ / siu⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: xiu³ / xiu⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siːu̯³³/, /siːu̯²²/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: siéu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siɛu²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siàu
    • Tâi-lô: siàu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siaux
    • IPA (Xiamen): /siau²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /siau⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /siau²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /siau¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /siau²¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: sewH

Rime
Character	嘯
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	蕭 (93)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	蘇弔切
Baxter	sewH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/seuH/
Pan Wuyun	/seuH/
Shao Rongfen	/seuH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sɛwH/
Li Rong	/seuH/
Wang Li	/sieuH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/sieuH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	siu3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*sˤiw(k)-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sɯːwɢs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	嘯
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiào
Middle Chinese	‹ sewH ›
Old Chinese	/*sˁiw(k)-s/
English	to wail
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	嘯
Reading #	1/1
No.	12120
Phonetic component	肅
Rime group	奧
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	嘯
Old Chinese	/*sɯːwɢs/

Definitions

嘯

1. to whistle

   • 男子入內，不嘯不指，夜行以燭，無燭則止。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     男子入内，不啸不指，夜行以烛，无烛则止。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Rites, c. 4^th – 2^nd century BCE

     Nánzǐ rùnèi, bù xiào bù zhǐ, yèxíng yǐ zhú, wú zhú zé zhǐ. [Pinyin]

     When a man enters the house, he should neither whistle nor point. When he walks during night, he should use a candle. If he has no candle, he should stop.

2. to howl; to roar; to scream; to cry
3. (Taoism) type of breathing exercise involving vocalizations

Compounds

• 吟嘯 / 吟啸
• 命儔嘯侶 / 命俦啸侣
• 呼嘯 / 呼啸 (hūxiào)
• 嘯傲 / 啸傲
• 嘯歌 / 啸歌
• 嘯聚 / 啸聚 (xiàojù)
• 嘯詠 / 啸咏
• 坐嘯 / 坐啸
• 櫳嘯 / 栊啸
• 海嘯 / 海啸 (hǎixiào)
• 海嘯山崩 / 海啸山崩
• 狂嘯 / 狂啸
• 蘇門長嘯 / 苏门长啸
• 虎嘯 / 虎啸 (hǔxiào)
• 虎嘯風生 / 虎啸风生
• 虎嘯鷹揚 / 虎啸鹰扬
• 虎嘯龍吟 / 虎啸龙吟
• 長嘯 / 长啸 (chángxiào)
• 龍吟虎嘯 / 龙吟虎啸

 

Japanese

Shinjitai (extended)	嘨
Kyūjitai	嘯

Kanji

嘯

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 嘨)

1. to whistle

Readings

• Go-on: しょう (shō)^{←せう (seu, historical)}
• Kan-on: しょう (shō)^{←せう (seu, historical)}
• Kun: うそ (uso, 嘯)、うそふき (usofuki, 嘯)、うそぶ (usobu, 嘯ぶ)、うそぶく (usobuku, 嘯く)、うそぶき (usobuki, 嘯)、うそぶき (usobuki, 嘯き)、うそむ (usomu, 嘯む)、うそむく (usomuku, 嘯く)、ふく (fuku, 嘯く)

Compounds

Compounds

• 嘯吹(うそふき) (usofuki): the clownish “whistling” mask used in 狂言 (kyōgen, “a farce performed between noh plays”, literally “crazy talk”)
• 嘯笛(うそぶえ) (usobue): whistling with one's mouth
• 息嘯(おきそ) (okiso): a sigh
• 海嘯(かいしょう) (kaishō), 海嘯(つなみ) (tsunami): a tsunami, a tidal wave; a tidal bore
• 吟嘯(ぎんしょう) (ginshō): to sing or chant a poem or song; to wail in grief
• 虎嘯(こしょう) (koshō): a tiger's roar; (metaphor) a hero's appearance
• 嘯聚(しょうしゅ) (shōshu): calling people together (especially by whistling)
• 嘯集(しょうしゅう) (shōshū): calling people together (especially by whistling)
• 嘯風弄月(しょうふうろうげつ) (shōfū rōgetsu): love for nature and poetry and other elegance
• 空嘯(そらうそ) (sorauso): absent-minded whistling
• 長嘯(ちょうしょう) (chōshō): whistling for a long time; singing or chanting for a long time

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
嘯
うそ Hyōgai
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese. Appears in poem 1753 of the Man'yōshū, a poetry compilation completed around 759 CE, in the compound form 嘯鳴 (usobuki; see below).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɯ̟so̞]

Noun

嘯(うそ) • (uso) 

1. (archaic, possibly obsolete) a whistle (sound), a whistling sound

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 嘯歎(うそなげき) (usonageki): a whistling wail; quiet grieving

Etymology 2

嘯 (usofuki): the “whistling” mask used in kyōgen performances.

Kanji in this term
嘯
うそふ(き) Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Compound of 嘯 (uso, “whistle, whistling”) +‎ 吹き (fuki, “blowing”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 吹く fuku, “to blow”).

Alternative forms

• 嘯吹

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) うそふき [ùsóꜜfùkì] (Nakadaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [ɯ̟so̞ɸɯ̟kʲi]

Noun

嘯(うそふき) • (usofuki) 

1. the clownish “whistling” mask used in 狂言 (kyōgen, “a farce performed between noh plays”, literally “crazy talk”)

Synonyms

• ひょっとこ (hyottoko)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
嘯
うそぶ(き) Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Originally a compound of 嘯 (uso, “whistle, whistling”) +‎ 吹き (fuki, “blowing”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 吹く fuku, “to blow”). The fuki changes to buki as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɯ̟so̞bɯ̟kʲi]

Noun

嘯(うそぶき) • (usobuki) 

1. whistling, making a whistling sound

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 嘯顔(うそぶきがお) (usobukigao): a whistling face, with the lips pursed
• 嘯口(うそぶきぐち) (usobukiguchi): a whistling mouth, with the lips pursed

Korean

Hanja

嘯 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so)

1. roar, howl, scream
2. whistle

Vietnamese

Han character

嘯: Hán Nôm readings: khiếu

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