城闕

See also: 城阙

Chinese

		city walls; city; town	imperial city; deficiency
trad. (城闕)		城	闕
simp. (城阙)		城	阙

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chéngquè

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄥˊ ㄑㄩㄝˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sing⁴ kyut³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chéngquè
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄥˊ ㄑㄩㄝˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chéngcyuè
    • Wade–Giles: chʻêng²-chʻüeh⁴
    • Yale: chéng-chywè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cherngchiueh
    • Palladius: чэнцюэ (čɛncjue)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: sing⁴ kyut³
    • Yale: sìhng kyut
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sing⁴ kyt⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: xing⁴ küd³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɪŋ²¹ kʰyːt̚³/

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• Middle Chinese: dzyeng khjwot

Rime
Character	城	闕
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	常 (25)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	清 (121)	月 (68)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	是征切	去月切
Baxter	dzyeng	khjwot
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑiᴇŋ/	/kʰʉɐt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑiɛŋ/	/kʰʷiɐt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑiæŋ/	/kʰiuɐt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑiajŋ/	/kʰuat̚/
Li Rong	/ʑiɛŋ/	/kʰiuɐt̚/
Wang Li	/ʑĭɛŋ/	/kʰĭwɐt̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʑi̯ɛŋ/	/kʰi̯wɐt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chéng	que
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sing4	hyut3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]eŋ  kʷʰat/

  (Zhengzhang): /*djeŋ  kʰod/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	城	闕
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chéng	què
Middle Chinese	‹ dzyeng ›	‹ khjwot ›
Old Chinese	/*[d]eŋ/	/*kʷʰat/
English	city wall	tower over gate
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	城	闕
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	1418	7240
Phonetic component	成	欮
Rime group	耕	月
Rime subdivision	0	3
Corresponding MC rime	成	闕
Old Chinese	/*djeŋ/	/*kʰod/

Noun

城闕

1. (literary) watchtower on either side of a city gate
2. (literary) capital city
3. (literary) palace

Synonyms

• (palace):

edit

• 宮殿 / 宫殿 (gōngdiàn)
• 宮闕 / 宫阙 (gōngquè) (literary)
• 玉門 / 玉门 (yùmén) (Classical Chinese, figurative)