大君

Chinese

		big; great; huge big; great; huge; large; major; wide; deep; oldest; eldest; doctor	monarch; lord; gentleman monarch; lord; gentleman; ruler
simp. and trad. (大君)		大	君

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dàjūn

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄚˋ ㄐㄩㄣ
Cantonese (Jyutping): daai⁶ gwan¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dàjūn
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄚˋ ㄐㄩㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dàjyun
  - Wade–Giles: ta⁴-chün¹
  - Yale: dà-jyūn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dahjiun
  - Palladius: дацзюнь (daczjunʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tä⁵¹ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    大君
    大軍 / 大军
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: daai⁶ gwan¹
  - Yale: daaih gwān
  - Cantonese Pinyin: daai⁶ gwan¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: dai⁶ guen¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /taːi̯²² kʷɐn⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: dajH|daH kjun

Rime
Character	大	大	君
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)	定 (7)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	泰 (25)	歌 (94)	文 (59)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Closed
Division (等)	I	I	III
Fanqie	徒蓋切	唐佐切	舉云切
Baxter	dajH	daH	kjun
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dɑi^H/	/dɑ^H/	/kɨun/
Pan Wuyun	/dɑi^H/	/dɑ^H/	/kiun/
Shao Rongfen	/dɑi^H/	/dɑ^H/	/kiuən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/daj^H/	/da^H/	/kun/
Li Rong	/dɑi^H/	/dɑ^H/	/kiuən/
Wang Li	/dɑi^H/	/dɑ^H/	/kĭuən/
Bernhard Karlgren	/dʱɑi^H/	/dʱɑ^H/	/ki̯uən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dài	duò	jūn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	daai⁶	do⁶	gwan¹

Noun

大君

(literary) Son of Heaven; the Emperor
(literary) eldest son

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
大	君
おお Grade: 1	きみ Grade: 3
kun'yomi

From /*opokimi/ → /*oɸokimi/ → /owokimi/ → /ookimi/ → /oːkimi/. Compound of Old Japanese - elements 大 (ō, “great, big, large”) +‎ 君 (kimi, “lord, lady”).^[1]^[2] kimi Sometimes pronounced in modern Japanese as ōgimi.^[1]^[2] The kimi changes to gimi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) おおきみ [òókíꜜmì] (Nakadaka – [3])^[2]^[3]
(Tokyo) おおきみ [òókímí] (Heiban – [0])^[2]^[3]
(Tokyo) おおきみ [óꜜòkìmì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[3]
IPA^(key): [o̞ːkʲimʲi]

Noun

大(おお)君(きみ) • (ōkimi) ^{←おほきみ (ofokimi)^?}

(honorific) the emperor, His Majesty
(honorific) one of the reigning Emperor's descendants, especially his grandchildren and below (諸王 (shoō)); compare 皇子 (miko, used specifically for 親王 (shinnō)) and 皇女 (himemiko, used specifically for 内親王 (naishinnō))
(honorific) a member of the petty nobility
(honorific) someone of high status
(honorific) one's lord or master

Derived terms

大(おお)君(きみ)女(おんな) (ōkimi onna): a princess, a daughter of the emperor
大(おお)君(きみ)気(け)色(しき) (ōkimi keshiki): nobility of bearing or behavior, majesty, greatness
大(おお)君(きみ)姿(すがた) (ōkimi sugata): an imperial appearance, a noble dressing like the emperor
大(おお)君(きみ)だつ (ōkimi-datsu): to appear or behave in a manner similar to an imperial grandchild
大(おお)君(きみ)の (ōkimi no): an epithet for Mount Wakakusa in Nara, Japan
大(おお)君(きみ)の風(かぜ) (ōkimi no kaze): a pleasant breeze as if in praise of a lord
正(おお)親(きみ)正(のかみ) (ōkimi no kami): a rank in the old Ritsuryō system of ancient Japan, and the superior to an ōkimi no tsukasa
正(おお)親(きみ)司(のつかさ) (ōkimi no tsukasa): a rank in the old Ritsuryō system of ancient Japan

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
大	君
おおい Grade: 1	きみ > ぎみ Grade: 3
kun'yomi

Compound of Old Japanese elements 大 (ōi, “great, big, large”) +‎ 君 (kimi).^[1]^[2] The kimi changes to gimi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [o̞ːiɡʲimʲi]

Noun

大(おおい)君(ぎみ) • (ōigimi) ^{←おほいぎみ (ofoigimi)^?}

(obsolete, honorific) the eldest daughter of a noble family

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
大	君
たい Grade: 1	くん Grade: 3
kan'on

From Middle Chinese 大君 (MC dajH kjun, “big, great + lord”). The kan'on, so likely a later borrowing. Compare modern Mandarin 大君 (dàjūn, “emperor, lord; god, divinity; eldest son”).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) たいくん [táꜜìkùǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2]
IPA^(key): [ta̠ikɯ̟̃ɴ]

Noun

大(たい)君(くん) • (taikun)

(honorific) a lord
(honorific) an imperial prince
during the Edo period, an alternative title for the 将軍 (shōgun) of the Tokugawa government, used in communications with other countries
in ancient China, a title given to a royal heir

Descendants

→ English: tycoon
- → German: Tycoon ?
- → Serbo-Croatian: tajkun
→ German: Taikun m
→ Norwegian Bokmål: taikun m

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[KDJ-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[DJR-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[SMK5-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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