太原

Chinese

		too (much); very; extremely too (much); very; extremely; highest; greatest	former; original; primary former; original; primary; raw; level; cause; source
simp. and trad. (太原)		太	原

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Tàiyuán

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄞˋ ㄩㄢˊ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): taai³ jyun⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): hai¹ ngun³

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): Thai-ngièn / Thai-ngiàn

  (Meixian, Guangdong): tai⁴ ngian²

• Jin (Wiktionary): tai³ ye¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): Thài-goân

  (Teochew, Peng'im): tai³ nguang⁵

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Tàiyuán
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄞˋ ㄩㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Tàiyuán
    • Wade–Giles: Tʻai⁴-yüan²
    • Yale: Tài-ywán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Tayyuan
    • Palladius: Тайюань (Tajjuanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: taai³ jyun⁴
    • Yale: taai yùhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: taai³ jyn⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: tai³ yun⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaːi̯³³ jyːn²¹/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: hai¹ ngun³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hai³³ ᵑɡun²²/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Thai-ngièn
    • Hakka Romanization System: tai ngien^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: tai⁴ ngian²
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰai̯⁵⁵ ŋi̯en¹¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Thai-ngiàn
    • Hakka Romanization System: tai ngian^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: tai⁴ ngian²
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰai̯⁵⁵ ŋi̯an¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: tai⁴ ngian²
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰaɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋian¹¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: tai³ ye¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰai⁴⁵ ye¹¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Thài-goân
    • Tâi-lô: Thài-guân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tae'goaan
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ ɡuan²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ɡuan²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ ɡuan¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡuan²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡuan²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: tai³ nguang⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thài nguâng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰai²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ŋuaŋ⁵⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: thajH ngjwon

Rime
Character	太	原
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	透 (6)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	泰 (25)	元 (66)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	他蓋切	愚袁切
Baxter	thajH	ngjwon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰɑiH/	/ŋʉɐn/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰɑiH/	/ŋʷiɐn/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɑiH/	/ŋiuɐn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰajH/	/ŋuan/
Li Rong	/tʰɑiH/	/ŋiuɐn/
Wang Li	/tʰɑiH/	/ŋĭwɐn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/tʰɑiH/	/ŋi̯wɐn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tài	yuán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	taai3	jyun4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥ˤa[t]-s  N-ɢʷar/

  (Zhengzhang): /*tʰaːds  ŋʷan/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	太	原	原
Reading #	1/1	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tài	yuán	yuán
Middle Chinese	‹ thajH ›	‹ ngjwon ›	‹ ngjwon ›
Old Chinese	/*l̥ˁa[t]-s/	/*N-ɢʷar/	/*N-ɢʷar/
English	great	spring, source; origin	high plain (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	太	原
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	1937	16186
Phonetic component	大	原
Rime group	祭	元
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	泰	元
Old Chinese	/*tʰaːds/	/*ŋʷan/
Notes		金文象泉源，爲源初文

Proper noun

太原

1. (～市) Taiyuan (a prefecture-level city, provincial capital, and largest city in Shanxi, in northern China)
2. (～省) Thái Nguyên (a province of Vietnam)
3. (～市) Thái Nguyên (a city in Vietnam)

Derived terms

• 太原話 / 太原话 (tàiyuánhuà)

 

Japanese

Kanji in this term
太	原
たい Grade: 2	げん Grade: 2
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ta̠iɡẽ̞ɴ]

Proper noun

太(たい)原(げん) • (Taigen) 

1. Taiyuan (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Shanxi, in northern China)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
太	原

Proper noun

太原

1. chữ Hán form of Thái Nguyên (“Thái Nguyên”).