U+5C48, 屈
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5C48

[U+5C47]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5C49]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 44, +5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 尸山山 (SUU), four-corner 77272, composition )

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 301, character 7
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7669
  • Dae Jaweon: page 597, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 970, character 11
  • Unihan data for U+5C48

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
       

Originally 𡲶. Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *klud, *kʰlud) : phonetic (OC *kʰljuds, *kʰljud) + semantic (tail). became in clerical script.

Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation 1

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Note:
  • “to bend; to restrict”.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: kug4 / kuh4 / kug8 / kuh8
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khuk / khuh / khu̍k / khu̍h
      • Sinological IPA (key): /kʰuk̚²/, /kʰuʔ²/, /kʰuk̚⁴/, /kʰuʔ⁴/
Note:
  • kuh4 - dialectal ("to curl, to coil");
  • kug8 - dialectal ("short");
  • kuh8 - dialectal (in 屈屈 - tired, lethargic).

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕʰy⁴⁴/
Tianjin /t͡ɕʰy²¹/
Jinan /t͡ɕʰy²¹³/
Qingdao /t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕʰy²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡ɕʰy²¹/
Xining /t͡ɕʰy⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕʰy¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕʰy³¹/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕʰy⁴⁴/
Wuhan /t͡ɕʰy²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡ɕʰyo³¹/
/t͡ɕʰy³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕʰiu²¹/
Kunming /t͡ɕʰiu³¹/
Nanjing /t͡ɕʰyʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡ɕʰyəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕʰyəʔ²/
Pingyao /t͡ɕʰyʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕʰyəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/
/t͡ɕʰyɪʔ⁵/
Suzhou /t͡ɕʰyəʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /t͡ɕʰy²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰyeʔ²¹/
Tunxi /t͡ɕʰy⁵/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕʰy²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕʰy²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰyʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /kʰiut̚¹/
Taoyuan /kʰut̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /wɐt̚⁵/
Nanning /wɐt̚⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /wɐt̚⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kʰut̚³²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kʰouʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /kʰy²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /kʰuk̚²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /xut̚⁵/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial () (28) (29)
Final () (60) (60)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division () III III
Fanqie
Baxter kjut khjut
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kɨut̚/ /kʰɨut̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/kiut̚/ /kʰiut̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/kiuət̚/ /kʰiuət̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kut̚/ /kʰut̚/
Li
Rong
/kiuət̚/ /kʰiuət̚/
Wang
Li
/kĭuət̚/ /kʰĭuət̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ki̯uət̚/ /kʰi̯uət̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
ju qu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gwat1 fat1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ khjut › ‹ khjut ›
Old
Chinese
/*Nə-[kʰ]ut/ /*[kʰ]ut/
English bent bend, subdue

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 1579 1583
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2 2
Corresponding
MC rime
𠀔
Old
Chinese
/*klud/ /*kʰlud/

Definitions

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  1. to bend; to flex
  2. bent; crooked
  3. to condescend
  4. to submit; to yield
  5. to subdue; to cause to submit
  6. to treat unjustly; to wrong
  7. to be in the wrong
  8. (Cantonese) to frame; to accuse
    唔好 [Cantonese, trad.]
    唔好 [Cantonese, simp.]
    nei5 m4 hou2 wat1 dak1 zau6 wat1 wo3! [Jyutping]
    Don't frame [me] as long as there's an opportunity to do so!
  9. (Hong Kong Cantonese) Short for 屈機屈机.
  10. (Mainland China Hokkien) to restrict; to restrain; to constrain
  11. a surname
      ―  Yuán  ―  Qu Yuan (Chinese politician and poet of the state of Chu during the last years of the Warring States period)

Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

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Definitions

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  1. short
  2. to use up; to exhaust
  3. Alternative form of (stubborn; obstinate)
  4. Alternative form of (jué, exotic)
  5. Alternative form of (jué, to rise abruptly)

Compounds

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Pronunciation 3

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Definitions

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  1. Only used in 屈狄 (quèdí, “a kind of noblewomen's clothing in ancient China”).

Japanese

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Kanji

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(Jōyō kanji)

  1. to bend
  2. to submit, to yield

Readings

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Korean

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Hanja

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(eumhun 굽을 (gubeul gul))

  1. hanja form? of (bend, flex)
  2. hanja form? of (bent, crooked)
  3. hanja form? of (crouch)

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: khuất, quất

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
  NODES
Note 4