帯びる

Japanese

Kanji in this term
帯
お Grade: 4
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
帶びる (kyūjitai)

Etymology

From Old Japanese 帯ぶ (obu), then following 四段活用 (yodan katsuyō, “quadrigrade conjugation”).^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] Later on, it shifted to 上二段活用 (kami nidan katsuyō, “upper bigrade conjugation”), the precursor to the modern 上一段活用 (kami ichidan katsuyō, “upper monograde conjugation”).^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

Development

Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 上二段活用 (kami nidan katsuyō, “upper bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 上一段活用 (kami ichidan katsuyō, “upper monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -iru.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) おびる [òbíꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [2])^[2]^[5]^[6]
(Tokyo) おびる [òbírú] (Heiban – [0])^[2]^[5]
IPA^(key): [o̞bʲiɾɯ̟]

Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「帯びる」

Stem forms
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形)	帯びる	おびる	`[òbíꜜrù]`
Imperative (命令形)	帯びろ	おびろ	`[òbíꜜrò]`
Key constructions
Passive	帯びられる	おびられる	`[òbíráréꜜrù]`
Causative	帯びさせる	おびさせる	`[òbísáséꜜrù]`
Potential	-	-	-
Volitional	帯びよう	おびよー	`[òbíyóꜜò]`
Negative	帯びない	おびない	`[òbíꜜnàì]`
Negative perfective	帯びなかった	おびなかった	`[òbíꜜnàkàttà]`
Formal	帯びます	おびます	`[òbímáꜜsù]`
Perfective	帯びた	おびた	`[óꜜbìtà]`
Conjunctive	帯びて	おびて	`[óꜜbìtè]`
Hypothetical conditional	帯びれば	おびれば	`[òbíꜜrèbà]`

Verb

帯(お)びる • (obiru) ichidan (stem 帯(お)び (obi), past 帯(お)びた (obita))

to wear (a sword, decoration, etc.); to carry
彼(かれ)の帯(お)びた刃(やいば)は佳(か)でしたね。
Kare no obita yaiba wa ka deshita ne.
The sword he was wearing/carrying was beautiful.
to be entrusted (e.g. with a mission); to take on
to have a trace of; to be tinged with
壁(かべ)は血(ち)帯(お)びました。
Kabe wa chi-obimashita.
The walls were stained with blood.

哀愁(あいしゅう)を帯(お)びた横顔(よこがお)
aishū o obita yokogao
a side profile draped in melancholy

Conjugation

Conjugation of "帯びる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	帯び	おび	obi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	帯び	おび	obi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	帯びる	おびる	obiru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	帯びる	おびる	obiru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	帯びれ	おびれ	obire
Meireikei ("imperative")	帯びよ¹ 帯びろ²	おびよ¹ おびろ²	obiyo¹ obiro²
Key constructions
Passive	帯びられる	おびられる	obirareru
Causative	帯びさせる帯びさす	おびさせるおびさす	obisaseru obisasu
Potential	帯びられる帯びれる³	おびられるおびれる³	obirareru obireru³
Volitional	帯びよう	おびよう	obiyō
Negative	帯びない帯びぬ帯びん	おびないおびぬおびん	obinai obinu obin
Negative continuative	帯びず	おびず	obizu
Formal	帯びます	おびます	obimasu
Perfective	帯びた	おびた	obita
Conjunctive	帯びて	おびて	obite
Hypothetical conditional	帯びれば	おびれば	obireba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[K-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN

[DJR-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJS-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[KDJ-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[NHK-5] 5.0 ^5.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[SMK5-6] Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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