康乃馨

Chinese

		peaceful; spongy (of radishes)	to be; thus; so to be; thus; so; therefore; then; only; thereupon	fragrant
trad. (康乃馨)		康	乃	馨
simp. #(康乃馨)		康	乃	馨

康乃馨

Etymology

Phono-semantic matching of English carnation. For Taiwanese Hakka khà-né-siòng, via Japanese カーネーション (kānēshon).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kāngnǎixīn

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄤ ㄋㄞˇ ㄒㄧㄣ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hong¹ naai⁵ hing¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khang-nài-sin / khà-né-siòng

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kāngnǎixīn
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄤ ㄋㄞˇ ㄒㄧㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kangnǎisin
    • Wade–Giles: kʻang¹-nai³-hsin¹
    • Yale: kāng-nǎi-syīn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kangnaeshin
    • Palladius: каннайсинь (kannajsinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɑŋ⁵⁵ naɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕin⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hong¹ naai⁵ hing¹
    • Yale: hōng náaih hīng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hong¹ naai⁵ hing¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: hong¹ nai⁵ hing¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔːŋ⁵⁵ naːi̯¹³ hɪŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khang-nài-sin / khà-né-siòng
    • Hakka Romanization System: kang nai^ˇ xin / ka^ˇ ne^ˋ xiong^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kang⁴ nai² xin⁴ / ka² ne³ xiong²
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰaŋ⁵⁵ nai̯¹¹ sin⁵⁵/, /kʰa¹¹ ne³¹ si̯oŋ¹¹/

Note:

• khang-nài-sin - from Mandarin;
• khà-né-siòng - from Japanese.

Noun

康乃馨

1. carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) (flower)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 康乃馨 (“carnation”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		康乃馨
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	康乃馨
Cantonese	Hong Kong	康乃馨
Hakka	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	康乃馨
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	康乃馨
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	康乃馨
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	康乃馨
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	康乃馨
Southern Min	Taipei	剪絨花 GT, 剪絨仔花 GT
	Yilan	剪絨仔花
Note	GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)