Wiktionary

忌

忌 U+5FCC, 忌
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5FCC
← 忋
[U+5FCB] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 忍 →
[U+5FCD]

Translingual

edit

Han character

edit

忌 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 尸山心 (SUP), four-corner 17331, composition ⿱己心)

Further reading

edit
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 376, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10310
  • Dae Jaweon: page 702, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2270, character 11
  • Unihan data for U+5FCC

Chinese

edit
simp. and trad.
 忌
alternative forms 坖 ancient

Glyph origin

edit
Characters in the same phonetic series (己) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
改 *klɯːʔ
跽 *ɡrɯʔ
己 *kɯʔ
紀 *kɯʔ
妀 *kɯʔ
記 *kɯs
杞 *kʰɯʔ
屺 *kʰɯʔ
芑 *kʰɯʔ
邔 *kʰɯʔ, *ɡɯs
玘 *kʰɯʔ
忌 *ɡɯs
鵋 *ɡɯs
誋 *ɡɯs
梞 *ɡɯs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡɯs) : phonetic 己 (OC *kɯʔ) + semantic 心 (“heart”).

Etymology 1

edit

Pronunciation

edit
Note:
  • kī, khī - literary;
  • khî - vernacular (俗);
  • kī - anniversary of the death of one's elder.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 忌
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕi⁵¹/
Harbin /t͡ɕi⁵³/
Tianjin /t͡ɕi⁵³/
Jinan /t͡ɕi²¹/
Qingdao /t͡ɕi⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕi³¹²/
Xi'an /t͡ɕi⁴⁴/
Xining /t͡ɕji²¹³/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕi¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕi¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕi²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡ɕi³⁵/
Chengdu /t͡ɕi¹³/
Guiyang /t͡ɕi²¹³/
Kunming /t͡ɕi²¹²/
Nanjing /t͡ɕi⁴⁴/
Hefei /t͡sz̩⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕi⁴⁵/
Pingyao /t͡ɕi³⁵/
Hohhot /t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /d͡ʑi²³/
Suzhou /d͡ʑi³¹/
Hangzhou /d͡ʑi¹³/
Wenzhou /d͡zz̩²²/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰi²²/
Tunxi /t͡ɕi¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰi²¹/
Hakka Meixian /kʰi³¹/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /kei²²/
Nanning /ki²²/
Hong Kong /kei²²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /ki²²/
/kʰi²²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kɛi²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /ki⁴⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /ki³⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ki³³/
Rime
Character 忌
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 群 (30)
Final (韻) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 渠記切
Baxter giH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɡɨH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɡɨH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɡieH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/gɨH/
Li
Rong 		/ɡiəH/
Wang
Li 		/ɡĭəH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/giH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gei6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 忌
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jì
Middle
Chinese 		‹ giH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*m-k(r)ək-s/
English warn; avoid

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 忌
Reading # 1/1
No. 5774
Phonetic
component 		己
Rime
group 		之
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		忌
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡɯs/

Definitions

edit

忌

  1. to be jealous; to envy; to hate
    妒忌  ―  dùjì  ―  to envy
  2. (literary, or in compounds) to fear; to dread
  3. to avoid
  4. to abstain; to drop; to stop; to give up (a bad habit)
  5. to taboo; to prohibit
  6. taboo
  7. (literary or Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) anniversary of the death of one's elder
    忌辰 [Hokkien]  ―  kī-sîn [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  anniversary of a death
    忌日 [Hokkien]  ―  kī-ji̍t [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  anniversary of a death
    今仔咧共阮阿媽做忌。 [Philippine Hokkien, trad.]
    今仔咧共阮阿妈做忌。 [Philippine Hokkien, simp.]
    Kin-á lé kāng gún a-má chòe-kī. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    Today, the death anniversary is being held for our paternal grandmother.
  8. a surname: Ji
Synonyms
edit
  • (to be jealous):
  • (to fear):
  • (to abstain): 戒除 (jièchú)

Compounds

edit

See also

edit

Etymology 2

edit
For pronunciation and definitions of 忌 – see 嫉 (“to envy; to be jealous; to hate; to resent”).
(This character is the second-round simplified form of 嫉).
Notes:

References

edit

Japanese

edit

Kanji

edit
忌

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. mourning
  2. to abhor
  3. abhorrent, detestable
  4. death anniversary

Readings

edit

Compounds

edit
Compounds

Etymology

edit
Kanji in this term
忌
き
Grade: S
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 忌 (MC giH).

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

忌(き) • (ki) 

  1. mourning
  2. anniversary of someone's death

References

edit
  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

edit

Hanja

edit

忌 (eumhun 꺼릴 기 (kkeoril gi))

  1. hanja form? of 기 (“jealous, envious”)
  2. hanja form? of 기 (“fear”)

Vietnamese

edit

Han character

edit

忌: Hán Việt readings: kí, kị, kỵ
忌: Nôm readings: cạy, cậy, cữ, kiêng, kị, kỵ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

edit
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=忌&oldid=82471450"
  NODES
see 4