恕

恕	U+6055, 恕 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6055

← 恔
[U+6054]

CJK Unified Ideographs

恖 →
[U+6056]

Translingual

Han character

恕 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 女口心 (VRP), four-corner 4633₀, composition ⿱如心)

Derived characters

𫉅

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 384, character 17
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10560
Dae Jaweon: page 715, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2293, character 9
Unihan data for U+6055

Chinese

trad.		恕
simp. ^#		恕
alternative forms		㣽

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (女) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
拿	*rnaː
拏	*rnaː
詉	*rnaː
蒘	rnaː, na
笯	rnaː, naː, *naːs
挐	rnaː, na
絮	rnaːs, nas, snas, nas
呶	*rnaːw
怓	*rnaːw
帑	n̥ʰaːŋʔ, naː
奴	*naː
砮	naː, naːʔ
駑	*naː
孥	*naː
努	*naːʔ
弩	*naːʔ
怒	naːʔ, naːs
袽	*na
帤	*na
女	naʔ, nas
籹	*naʔ
恕	*hnjas
如	nja, njas
茹	nja, njaʔ, *njas
洳	nja, njas
鴽	*nja
蕠	*nja
汝	*njaʔ
肗	*njaʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *hnjas) : phonetic 如 (OC *nja, *njas) + semantic 心 (“heart”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shù (shu⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): syu³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): su
Eastern Min (BUC): sé̤ṳ
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sy⁴
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): sù / sìr / sì

(Teochew, Peng'im): su³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shù
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shù
  - Wade–Giles: shu⁴
  - Yale: shù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shuh
  - Palladius: шу (šu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: syu³
  - Yale: syu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sy³
  - Guangdong Romanization: xu³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /syː³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: su
  - Hakka Romanization System: su
  - Hagfa Pinyim: su⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /su⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sé̤ṳ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /søy²¹³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: sy⁴
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: sṳ̍
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬy⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sù
  - Tâi-lô: sù
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sux
  - IPA (Taipei): /su¹¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Kaohsiung): /su²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sìr
  - Tâi-lô: sìr
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sɯ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sì
  - Tâi-lô: sì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: six
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /si²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: su³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sù
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /su²¹³/

Middle Chinese: syoH

Rime
Character	恕
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	書 (26)
Final (韻)	魚 (22)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	商署切
Baxter	syoH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɕɨʌ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɕiɔ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɕiɔ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɕɨə̆^H/
Li Rong	/ɕiɔ^H/
Wang Li	/ɕĭo^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɕi̯wo^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	syu³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*n̥a-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*hnjas/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	恕
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shù
Middle Chinese	‹ syo^H ›
Old Chinese	/*n̥a-s/
English	indulgent
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	恕
Reading #	1/1
No.	9622
Phonetic component	女
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	恕
Old Chinese	/*hnjas/

Definitions

恕

to show consideration for others; to put oneself in someone's shoes
- 子貢問曰：「有一言而可以終身行之者乎？」子曰：「其恕乎！己所不欲，勿施於人。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  子贡问曰：「有一言而可以终身行之者乎？」子曰：「其恕乎！己所不欲，勿施于人。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Zǐgòng wèn yuē: “Yǒu yī yán ér kě yǐ zhōngshēn xíng zhī zhě hū?” Zǐ yuē: “Qí shù hū! Jǐ suǒ bù yù, wù shī yú rén.” [Pinyin]
  Zi Gong asked, saying, "Is there one word which may serve as a rule of practice for all one's life?" The Master said, "Is not RECIPROCITY / EMPATHY such a word? What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others."
to forgive; to pardon; to show mercy
饒恕／饶恕 ― ráoshù ― to forgive; to pardon
excuse me
恕我直言 ― shùwǒzhíyán ― Excuse me for speaking bluntly.

六歲以下兒童恕不招待。 [MSC, trad.]
六岁以下儿童恕不招待。 [MSC, simp.]
Liù suì yǐxià értóng shù bù zhāodài. [Pinyin]
Children six and below will not be received, excuse us.

Compounds

乞恕 (qǐshù)
仁恕
宥恕
容恕 (róngshù)
寬恕 / 宽恕 (kuānshù)
忠恕 (zhōngshù)
恕宥 (shùyòu)
恕己及人
恕己及物
恕罪 (shùzuì)
恕道 (shùdào)
情恕理遣
明恕
郭忠恕
饒恕 / 饶恕 (ráoshù)

References

Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01349
“恕”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
“Query for 恕”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
Lippiello, Tiziana. (2010). “A Confucian Adage for Life: Empathy (Shu) in the Analects.” In Light a Candle: Encounters and Friendship with China. Festschrift in Honour of Angelo Lazzarotto P.I.M.E., edited by Roman Malek S.V.D. and Gianni Criveller. Sankt Augustin: Monumenta Serica.

Japanese

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 恕

恕

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: しょ (sho)
Kan-on: しょ (sho)
Kan’yō-on: じょ (jo)
Kun: おもいやる (omoiyaru, 恕る)、ゆるす (yurusu, 恕す)

Derived terms

恕(じょ)する (josuru): to forgive; to pardon; to excuse

Korean

Hanja

恕 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune–Reischauer sŏ, Yale se)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

恕: Hán Việt readings: thứ
恕: Nôm readings: thứ

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References

Nom Foundation

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Hidden categories:

NODES