See also:
U+6065, 恥
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6065

[U+6064]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+6066]

Translingual

edit

Han character

edit

(Kangxi radical 61, +6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 尸十心 (SJP), four-corner 13100, composition )

Derived characters

edit
edit

References

edit
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 385, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10585
  • Dae Jaweon: page 716, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2290, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+6065

Chinese

edit
trad. /
simp.

Glyph origin

edit
Historical forms of the character
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Chu slip and silk script Small seal script
   

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *n̥ʰɯʔ) : phonetic (OC *njɯʔ) + semantic (heart)

Etymology

edit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-ni (red) (STEDT). Cognate with Burmese နီ (ni, red), (OC *nil, “ashamed”).

Pronunciation

edit


  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹³/
Tianjin /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩¹³/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵/
Qingdao /tʃʰz̩⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
Xi'an /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
Xining /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡sʰz̩⁴²/
Chengdu /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
Guiyang /t͡sʰz̩⁴²/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹²/
Hefei /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
Pingyao /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
Hohhot /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡sʰz̩³⁵/
Suzhou /t͡sʰz̩ʷ⁵¹/
Hangzhou /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
Wenzhou /t͡sʰz̩³⁵/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰi³⁵/
Tunxi /t͡ɕʰi³¹/
Xiang Changsha /tʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴¹/
Xiangtan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰz̩²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰz̩³¹/
Taoyuan /tʃʰï³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰi³⁵/
Nanning /t͡sʰi³⁵/
Hong Kong /t͡sʰi³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /tʰi⁵³/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /tʰi³²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡sʰi²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡sʰi⁵³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /t͡si²¹³/
/sun²¹³/ 訓蠢

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (10)
Final () (19)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter trhiX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʈʰɨX/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʈʰɨX/
Shao
Rongfen
/ȶʰieX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʈʰɨX/
Li
Rong
/ȶʰiəX/
Wang
Li
/ȶʰĭəX/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ȶʰiX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
chǐ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ci2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
chǐ
Middle
Chinese
‹ trhiX ›
Old
Chinese
/*n̥rəʔ/
English shame; ashamed

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 2780
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*n̥ʰɯʔ/

Definitions

edit

  1. (literary) to humiliate; to put to shame
  2. shame; disgrace; humiliation
    Synonym: 恥辱 / 耻辱 (chǐrǔ)
    體壇体坛  ―  tǐtán zhī chǐ  ―  disgrace to the sports world
  3. ashamed
    Synonym: 羞愧 (xiūkuì)

Compounds

edit

See also

edit

Japanese

edit

Alternative forms

edit

Kanji

edit

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. shame
  2. embarrassment

Readings

edit

Etymology

edit
Kanji in this term
はじ
Grade: S
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling

Ultimately from Proto-Japonic *pantuy.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

(はじ) (hajiはぢ (fadi)?

  1. shame

References

edit
  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

edit

Hanja

edit

(chi) (hangeul , revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i, Yale chi)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

edit

Han character

edit

: Hán Nôm readings: xỉ, sỉ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
  NODES
Note 2