悉

悉	U+6089, 悉 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6089

Translingual

Han character

悉 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 竹木心 (HDP), four-corner 2033₉, composition ⿱釆心)

Derived characters

僁㗭㣰𢴑㴽𤎕䊝𦄵蟋𨄠鏭𠞹窸

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 386, character 32
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10635
Dae Jaweon: page 719, character 5
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2301, character 7
Unihan data for U+6089

Chinese

trad.		悉
simp. ^#		悉
alternative forms		怸𢚊𢝕

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 悉
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Qin slip script	Ancient script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (悉) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
僁	siːd, sid
悉	*sid
蟋	sid, srid
窸	*sid

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : 釆 (“to distinguish”) + 心 (“heart”) – detailed.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *sjej-s (“to know; to understand”) (STEDT). Compare with Tibetan ཤེས་པ (shes pa, “to understand; to know”), Burmese သိ (si., “to know”), Mizo thei (“can; to be able”), Chepang चीःसा (ciʔ‑, “to know; to understand”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xī (xi¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧ
Cantonese (Jyutping): sik¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): sit

(Meixian, Guangdong): xid⁵
Northern Min (KCR): sĭ
Eastern Min (BUC): sék
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): sit / siak / sek

(Teochew, Peng'im): sêg⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xī
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: si
  - Wade–Giles: hsi¹
  - Yale: syī
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shi
  - Palladius: си (si)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: sik¹
  - Yale: sīk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sik⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: xig¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɪk̚⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sit
  - Hakka Romanization System: xid^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xid⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /sit̚²/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: xid⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /sit̚¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sĭ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /si²⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sék
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɛiʔ²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sit
  - Tâi-lô: sit
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sid
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sit̚⁵/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /sit̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siak
  - Tâi-lô: siak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siag
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /siak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek
  - Tâi-lô: sik
  - Phofsit Daibuun: seg
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /siɪk̚³²/

Note:

sit - literary;
siak/sek - vernacular.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: sêg⁴
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sek
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /sek̚²/

Middle Chinese: sit

Rime
Character	悉
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	質 (48)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	息七切
Baxter	sit
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/siɪt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/sit̚/
Shao Rongfen	/sjet̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sit̚/
Li Rong	/siĕt̚/
Wang Li	/sĭĕt̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/si̯ĕt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sat¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]i[t]/

(Zhengzhang): /*sid/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	悉
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xī
Middle Chinese	‹ sit ›
Old Chinese	/*[s]i[t]/
English	completely
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	悉
Reading #	1/1
No.	13339
Phonetic component	悉
Rime group	質
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	悉
Old Chinese	/*sid/

Definitions

悉

to know; to learn; to be informed of
得悉 ― déxī ― to know

熟悉 ― shúxī ― to know clearly
to use up; to exhaust
all; fully; entirely
- 王命眾，悉至于庭。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  王命众，悉至于庭。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Book of Documents, circa 4^th – 3^rd century BCE
  Wáng mìng zhòng, xī zhìyú tíng. [Pinyin]
  The king commanded all to come to him in the courtyard (of his palace).
- 趙王悉召群臣議。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  赵王悉召群臣议。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
  Zhào wáng xī zhào qúnchén yì. [Pinyin]
  The King of Zhao summoned all ministers to discuss the matter.
- 餘小臣不得上，乃悉持龍髯。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  余小臣不得上，乃悉持龙髯。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Wang Chong, Lun Heng (Discussive Weighing), 80 CE
  Yú xiǎochén bùdé shàng, nǎi xī chí lóng rán. [Pinyin]
  The remaining smaller officials, who could not find a seat on the dragon, all got hold of the dragon's beard.
detailed

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (悉):

→ Vietnamese: tất (悉)

References

“悉”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

悉

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

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Readings

On (unclassified): しつ (shitsu)
Kun: つくす (tsukusu, 悉す)、ことごとく (kotogotoku, 悉く)

Korean

Hanja

悉 • (sil) (hangeul 실, revised sil, McCune–Reischauer sil, Yale sil)

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Vietnamese

Han character

悉: Hán Nôm readings: tạt, dứt, tất, tắt

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.