愿

See also: 願

愿 U+613F, 愿 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-613F ← 愾 [U+613E] CJK Unified Ideographs 慀 → [U+6140]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

愿 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 一火心 (MFP), four-corner 7133₉, composition ⿸原心(G) or ⿱原心(HTJKV))

Derived characters

• 𨆸, 𩕮

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 397, character 6
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11030
• Dae Jaweon: page 736, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2333, character 10
• Unihan data for U+613F

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 愿
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (原) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
羱	*ŋʷaːn, *ŋʷan
豲	*ɦŋʷaːn
謜	*sŋ̊ʰʷan, *ŋʷan
縓	*sŋ̊ʰʷan, *sŋ̊ʰʷans
原	*ŋʷan
源	*ŋʷan
厵	*ŋʷan
嫄	*ŋʷan
騵	*ŋʷan
榞	*ŋʷan
獂	*ŋʷan
蒝	*ŋʷan
願	*ŋʷans
傆	*ŋʷans
愿	*ŋʷans

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ŋʷans) : phonetic 原 (OC *ŋʷan) + semantic 心 (“heart”).

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of 愿 – see 願 (“to desire; to want: to wish; desire; wish; ambition; etc.”). (This character is the simplified and variant form of 願).

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Etymology 2

trad.		愿
simp. #		愿
alternative forms		𠪰

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yuàn (yuan⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄩㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun⁶
• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶gnioe

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yuàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄩㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yuàn
    • Wade–Giles: yüan⁴
    • Yale: ywàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuann
    • Palladius: юань (juanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɥɛn⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jyun⁶
    • Yale: yuhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jyn⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yun⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyːn²²/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶gnioe
    • MiniDict: nyoe^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³nyyoe
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲyø²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: ngjwonH

Rime
Character	愿
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	元 (66)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	魚怨切
Baxter	ngjwonH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋʉɐnH/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋʷiɐnH/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋiuɐnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋuanH/
Li Rong	/ŋiuɐnH/
Wang Li	/ŋĭwɐnH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ŋi̯wɐnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yuàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyun6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋʷans/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	愿
Reading #	1/1
No.	16198
Phonetic component	原
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	願
Old Chinese	/*ŋʷans/

Definitions

愿

1. (literary) honest and prudent

Compounds

• 鄉愿 (xiāngyuàn)

 

Japanese

Kanji

愿

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): げん (gen)
• Kun: つつしむ (tsutsushimu)
• Nanori: すなお (sunao)、よし (yoshi)

Korean

Hanja

愿 • (won) (hangeul 원, revised won, McCune–Reischauer wŏn, Yale wen)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.