懇

See also: 恳

懇 U+61C7, 懇 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-61C7 ← 懆 [U+61C6] CJK Unified Ideographs 懈 → [U+61C8]

Translingual

Han character

懇 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+13, 17 strokes, cangjie input 月女心 (BVP), four-corner 2733₃, composition ⿱貇心)

Derived characters

• 𡄩, 𧄅

Related characters

• 恳 (Simplified Chinese)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 405, character 18
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11326
• Dae Jaweon: page 745, character 28
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2358, character 12
• Unihan data for U+61C7

Chinese

trad.		懇
simp.		恳
alternative forms		𢡆 貇 𧩺

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (艮) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
艱	*krɯːn
齦	*kʰrɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *ŋɯn
眼	*ŋrɯːnʔ
蛝	*ɡrɯːn
限	*ɡrɯːnʔ
硍	*ɡrɯːnʔ
豤	*kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰuːn
詪	*ɡlɯːnʔ, *kɯːnʔ, *kɯːns
根	*kɯːn
跟	*kɯːn
珢	*kɯːn, *kɯːns, *ŋrɯn
艮	*kɯːns
茛	*kɯːns
墾	*kʰɯːnʔ
懇	*kʰɯːnʔ
垠	*ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn, *ŋɯn
泿	*ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn
痕	*ɡɯːn
拫	*ɡɯːn
鞎	*ɡɯːn
很	*ɡɯːnʔ
恨	*ɡɯːns
銀	*ŋrɯn
檭	*ŋrɯn

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kěn (ken³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄣˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): han²
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): khién

  (Meixian, Guangdong): kên³

• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khún

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kěn
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄣˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kěn
    • Wade–Giles: kʻên³
    • Yale: kěn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: keen
    • Palladius: кэнь (kɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰən²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: han²
    • Yale: hán
    • Cantonese Pinyin: han²
    • Guangdong Romanization: hen²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɐn³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khién
    • Hakka Romanization System: kien^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kian³
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯en³¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: kên³
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰɛn³¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khún
    • Tâi-lô: khún
    • Phofsit Daibuun: quon
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kʰun⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰun⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰun⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kʰun⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰun⁴¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: khonX

Rime
Character	懇
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	痕 (53)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	康很切
Baxter	khonX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰənX/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰənX/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰənX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰənX/
Li Rong	/kʰənX/
Wang Li	/kʰənX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰənX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kěn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	han2

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰɯːnʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	懇
Reading #	1/1
No.	3931
Phonetic component	艮
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	墾
Old Chinese	/*kʰɯːnʔ/
Notes	見通俗文

Definitions

懇

1. sincere; earnest; cordial
2. to beg; to request

Compounds

• 乞懇 / 乞恳
• 勤懇 / 勤恳 (qínkěn)
• 哀懇 / 哀恳
• 奉懇 / 奉恳
• 婚姻懇談 / 婚姻恳谈
• 情詞懇切 / 情词恳切
• 懇切 / 恳切 (kěnqiè)
• 懇到 / 恳到
• 懇悃 / 恳悃
• 懇惻 / 恳恻
• 懇愊 / 恳愊
• 懇懇 / 恳恳
• 懇摯 / 恳挚 (kěnzhì)
• 懇求 / 恳求 (kěnqiú)
• 懇至 / 恳至
• 懇親 / 恳亲
• 懇親會 / 恳亲会
• 懇言 / 恳言
• 懇託 / 恳托
• 懇談 / 恳谈 (kěntán)
• 懇請 / 恳请 (kěnqǐng)
• 懇辭 / 恳辞
• 懇願 / 恳愿 (kěnyuàn)
• 拜懇 / 拜恳
• 敬懇者 / 敬恳者
• 精懇 / 精恳
• 累懇 / 累恳
• 茲懇者 / 兹恳者
• 誠懇 / 诚恳 (chéngkěn)
• 諄懇 / 谆恳

 

Japanese

Kanji

懇

(Jōyō kanji)

1. earnest, sincere

Readings

• Go-on: こん (kon, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: こん (kon, Jōyō)
• Kun: ねんごろ (nengoro, 懇ろ, Jōyō)^{←ねんごろ (nengoro, 懇ろ, historical)←ねもころ (nemokoro, 懇ろ, ancient)}

Korean

Hanja

懇 • (gan) (hangeul 간, revised gan, McCune–Reischauer kan, Yale kan)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

懇: Hán Nôm readings: khấn

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.