敖

敖	U+6556, 敖 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6556

敖	U+FA90, 敖 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA90

← 摒
[U+FA8F]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

晴 →
[U+FA91]

Translingual

Han character

敖 (Kangxi radical 66, 攴+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 土尸人大 (GSOK) or 手尸人大 (QSOK), four-corner 4824₀, composition ⿰⿱士方攵)

leisurely
a surname

Derived characters

獓𫍵傲厫骜𠞪𠢕𪧜㜜㟼㠂㾲嗷嗸嫯嶅廒慠滶獒隞𡏼𢕟𢳆𪵧㥿摮熬璈遨𢧴𣊁𣘢𤘒𪉑𫆰磝𥂢𥨆𬑞聱蔜螯𦪈𧑃謷謸贅 (赘) 鳌𨄨𨅚𨎞䦋鏊𨫼䫨𩕀𩘮𩪕𫗺𫘀䮯驁𩮯𩱏䵅鰲鷔𪍮鼇𪙠

Synonyms

奢

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 471, character 14
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13226
Dae Jaweon: page 824, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1456, character 13
Unihan data for U+6556

Unihan data for U+FA90

Chinese

trad.		敖
simp. ^#		敖
alternative forms		𫠤𢾍𢾕

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 敖
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (敖) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
熬	ŋaːw, qaːw
敖	*ŋaːw
嗷	*ŋaːw
螯	*ŋaːw
聱	ŋaːw, ŋraːw, *ŋrɯw
驁	ŋaːw, ŋaːws
鰲	*ŋaːw
遨	*ŋaːw
獒	*ŋaːw
滶	*ŋaːw
蔜	*ŋaːw
鷔	ŋaːw, ŋaːws
鼇	*ŋaːw
謷	ŋaːw, ŋaːws, *ŋraːw
嶅	*ŋaːw
嗸	*ŋaːw
摮	*ŋaːw
嫯	ŋaːw, ŋaːws
鏊	ŋaːw, ŋaːws
傲	*ŋaːws
磝	*ŋraːw

Originally 𫠤, a pictogram (象形) depicting a person 人 with a headress similar to 屮 and then 丰 and 出 (but unrelated to these character). Later, the person was stylized as a shape similar to 夭 (a young man walking vigorously); 攴 was added next to the pictogram perhaps to convey the concept of authority, making it a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声) and transforming it into 𢾍; the man under the headress then become stylized as 方 (or 万 in some fonts). See also 免, 冒, and 美.

As an alternative, according to 季旭昇 Ji Xusheng, it represents a man walking and travelling in the countryside, symbolized by a sprout 屮 on top. See also the original form of 每.

Shuowen Jiezi erroneously interprets it as an ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : 出 (“leave”) + 放 (“release”) due to the later stylization.

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): áo (ao²)

(Zhuyin): ㄠˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ngou⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): ngàu

(Hailu, HRS): ngau
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gor²
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): gô / ngô͘

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: áo
  - Zhuyin: ㄠˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: áo
  - Wade–Giles: ao²
  - Yale: áu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: aur
  - Palladius: ао (ao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɑʊ̯³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: ngou⁴
  - Yale: ngòuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ngou⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: ngou⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋou̯²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngàu
  - Hakka Romanization System: ngau^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ngau²
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋau̯¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: ngau
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋau⁵⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: gor²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɒ¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gô / ngô͘
  - Tâi-lô: gô / ngôo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: gooi, ngoo
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ɡo²⁴/, /ŋɔ̃²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡo²⁴/, /ŋɔ̃²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡo¹³/, /ŋɔ̃¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɡo²⁴/, /ŋɔ̃²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡɤ²³/, /ŋɔ̃²³/

Middle Chinese: ngaw

Rime
Character	敖
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	五勞切
Baxter	ngaw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɑu/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋɑu/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋɑu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋaw/
Li Rong	/ŋɑu/
Wang Li	/ŋɑu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ŋɑu/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	áo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ngou⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ŋ]ˤaw/, /*ŋˤaw/

(Zhengzhang): /*ŋaːw/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	敖	敖
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	áo	áo
Middle Chinese	‹ ngaw ›	‹ ngaw ›
Old Chinese	/*[ŋ]ˁaw/	/*ŋˁaw/
English	tall	saunter about
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	敖
Reading #	1/1
No.	39
Phonetic component	敖
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	敖
Old Chinese	/*ŋaːw/

Definitions

敖

(literary) Original form of 遨 (áo, “to ramble; to play about”).
^† to tease; to joke; to flirt with
^† to make an uproar
^† someone who has not assumed the throne, and thus has no posthumous name, due to dying early [Chu]
^† four-chi-high dog
^† Original form of 廒 (áo, “granary”).
^† Alternative form of 螯 (áo, “pincer; nipper; claw”)
^† Alternative form of 熬 (“to cook on slow fire; to boil”)
(historical) An ancient place in the northwest of today Xingyang, Henan.
a surname

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): ào (ao⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄠˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ngou⁶
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gor⁵
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): gō / ngō͘

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: ào
  - Zhuyin: ㄠˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ào
  - Wade–Giles: ao⁴
  - Yale: àu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: aw
  - Palladius: ао (ao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: ngou⁶
  - Yale: ngouh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ngou⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: ngou⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋou̯²²/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: gor⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɒ²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gō / ngō͘
  - Tâi-lô: gō / ngōo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: goi, ngo
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ɡo²²/, /ŋɔ̃²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡo⁴¹/, /ŋɔ̃⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡo²²/, /ŋɔ̃²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɡo³³/, /ŋɔ̃³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡɤ³³/, /ŋɔ̃³³/

Definitions

敖

^† Alternative form of 傲 (“haughty; arrogant; conceited”)

References

“敖”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

敖

(Hyōgai kanji)

play
be proud

Readings

From Middle Chinese 敖 (MC ngaw); compare Mandarin 敖 (áo):

Go-on: ごう (gō)^{←がう (gau, historical)}
Kan-on: ごう (gō)^{←がう (gau, historical)}

From Middle Chinese 敖 (MC ngawH); compare Mandarin 敖 (ào):

Go-on: ごう (gō)^{←がう (gau, historical)}
Kan-on: ごう (gō)^{←がう (gau, historical)}

From native Japanese roots:

Kun: あそぶ (asobu, 敖ぶ)、おごる (ogoru, 敖る)

Compounds

敖(ごう)敖(ごう) (gōgō)
敖(ごう)惰(だ) (gōda)
敖(ごう)盪(とう) (gōtō)
敖(ごう)慢(まん) (gōman) (傲(ごう)慢(まん))
敖(ごう)民(みん) (gōmin)
敖(ごう)遊(ゆう) (gōyū) (遨(ごう)遊(ゆう))
敖(オー)漢(ハン)旗(き) (Ōhanki)
讙(かん)敖(ごう) (kangō)
嬉(き)敖(ごう) (kigō) (嬉(き)遨(ごう))
驕(きょう)敖(ごう) (kyōgō) (驕(きょう)傲(ごう), 驕(きょう)慠(ごう))
倨(きょ)敖(ごう) (kyogō) (倨(きょ)傲(ごう))
踞(きょ)敖(ごう), 倨(きょ)敖(ごう) (kyogō) (踞(きょ)傲(ごう))
嘯(しゅう)敖(ごう) (shūgō) (嘯(しゅう)嗷(ごう))
笑(しょう)敖(ごう) (shōgō) (笑(しょう)傲(ごう))
怠(たい)敖(ごう) (taigō) (怠(たい)傲(ごう), 怠(たい)慠(ごう))
遊(ゆう)敖(ごう) (yūgō)

Korean

Hanja

敖 (eum 오 (o))

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Vietnamese

Han character

敖: Hán Nôm readings: ngào

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