斲

See also: 斵

斲 U+65B2, 斲 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-65B2 ← 斱 [U+65B1] CJK Unified Ideographs 斳 → [U+65B3]

Translingual

Han character

斲 (Kangxi radical 69, 斤+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 口一竹一中 (RMHML), four-corner 7212₁, composition ⿰𠁁斤)

Derived characters

• 𤂊, 𨮕, 𧞐, 鬭, 𨷖, 𧞗

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 480, character 18
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13585
• Dae Jaweon: page 841, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2027, character 10
• Unihan data for U+65B2

Chinese

trad.		斲
simp.		斫
alternative forms		斵／斫 剢 剁 Cantonese; Min Nan 督 Hokkien

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 斲
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script

Etymology

Perhaps related to 觸 (OC *tʰjoɡ, “to butt, knock against”); see there for more (STEDT).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhuó (zhuo²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄛˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): doek³ / doek^3-1 / zoek³
• Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): zog⁵
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): tok

  (Teochew, Peng'im): dog⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhuó
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄛˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhuó
    • Wade–Giles: cho²
    • Yale: jwó
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jwo
    • Palladius: чжо (čžo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: doek³ / doek^3-1 / zoek³
    • Yale: deuk / dēuk / jeuk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: doek⁸ / doek^8-7 / dzoek⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: dêg³ / dêg^3-1 / zêg³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tœːk̚³/, /tœːk̚³⁻⁵/, /t͡sœːk̚³/

Note: zoek3 - literary (rare).

• Hakka
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: zog⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sɔk̚¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tok
    • Tâi-lô: tok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dog
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔk̚⁵/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Singapore): /tɔk̚³²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: dog⁴
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tok
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tok̚²/

---

• Middle Chinese: traewk

Rime
Character	斲
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	知 (9)
Final (韻)	覺 (10)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	竹角切
Baxter	traewk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈˠʌk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈᵚɔk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶɔk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈaɨwk̚/
Li Rong	/ȶɔk̚/
Wang Li	/ȶɔk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȶɔk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhuo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zok3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.tˤrok/

  (Zhengzhang): /*rtoːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	斲
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhuó
Middle Chinese	‹ træwk ›
Old Chinese	/*Cə.tˁrok/
English	chop, cleave
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	斲
Reading #	1/1
No.	17819
Phonetic component	斲
Rime group	屋
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	斲
Old Chinese	/*rtoːɡ/

Definitions

斲

1. (literary or Cantonese, Hakka, Southern Min) to chop; to hack

   • 工師得大木，則王喜，以為能勝其任也。匠人斵而小之，則王怒，以為不勝其任矣。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     工师得大木，则王喜，以为能胜其任也。匠人斫而小之，则王怒，以为不胜其任矣。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE

     Gōngshī dé dà mù, zé wáng xǐ, yǐwéi néng shēng qí rèn yě. Jiàngrén zhuó ér xiǎo zhī, zé wáng nù, yǐwéi bù shēng qí rèn yǐ. [Pinyin]

     [A]nd when he has found such large trees, you will be glad, thinking that they will answer for the intended object. Should the workmen hew them so as to make them too small, then your Majesty will be angry, thinking that they will not answer for the purpose.

   • 1883, Adele Marion Fielde, “剁”, in A Pronouncing and Defining Dictionary of the Swatow Dialect, Arranged According to Syllables and Tones, Shanghai: American Presbyterian Mission Press, page 557:

     伊給眾人剁做肉醬 [Teochew, trad.]
     伊给众人剁做肉酱 [Teochew, simp.]

     i¹ keg⁴ zêng³ nang⁵ dog⁴ zo³ nêg⁴ ziên³ [Peng'im]

     he was hacked into mince-meat by the populace

2. (obsolete or Mainland China Hokkien) to carve; to engrave
3. (obsolete) axe

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 砍 (“to chop; to hack”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		砍
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	砍
	Taiwan	砍
	Singapore	砍, 斬
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	砍
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	砍
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	砍
	Wuhan	砍, 剁
	Guilin	砍
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	砍, 㓠
	Hefei	砍
Cantonese	Guangzhou	斬
	Hong Kong	斬
	Yangjiang	并
	Beihai	斬
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	斬
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	斬
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	斬
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	斬
	Singapore (Guangfu)	斬
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	斬
	Móng Cái	斬
Gan	Nanchang	砍, 剁
Hakka	Meixian	斬, 砍
Jin	Taiyuan	砍
Northern Min	Jian'ou	砍, 斫
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	剉, 鍘
Southern Min	Xiamen	鏨, 砍, 斲, 刜
	Quanzhou	鏨, 斲
	Zhangzhou	鏨, 斲, 刜
	Taipei	鏨
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	鏨
	Kaohsiung	鏨
	Yilan	鏨
	Changhua (Lukang)	鏨
	Taichung	鏨, 斲
	Tainan	鏨
	Hsinchu	鏨, 斲
	Kinmen	鏨
	Penghu (Magong)	鏨
	Penang (Hokkien)	鏨
	Singapore (Hokkien)	斲, 斬
	Manila (Hokkien)	鏨
	Chaozhou	斬, 斲
	Shantou	斬
	Jieyang	斬, 斲
	Singapore (Teochew)	斲
	Pontianak (Teochew)	斬
Wu	Suzhou	㔍
	Wenzhou	剉, 剁
Xiang	Changsha	砍, 剁
	Shuangfeng	剁, 砍

Japanese

Kanji

斲

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

• On (unclassified): たく (taku)
• Kun: きる (kiru, 斲る)

Korean

Hanja

斲 • (chak) (hangeul 착, revised chak, McCune–Reischauer ch'ak, Yale chak)

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Vietnamese

Han character

斲: Hán Nôm readings: trác

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