方向

Chinese

		square; quadrilateral; place square; quadrilateral; place; region; direction; side; method; way; prescription; power; upright; just	direction; part; side direction; part; side; towards; to; guide; opposite to
simp. and trad. (方向)		方	向

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): fāngxiàng

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄤ ㄒㄧㄤˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): fang¹ xiang⁴

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fong¹ hoeng³

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): fông-hiong

  (Hailu, HRS): fong^ˋ hiong^ˇ

• Eastern Min (BUC): huŏng-hióng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hong-hiòng / hong-hiàng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): huang¹ hiang³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fāngxiàng → fāngxiang (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄤ ㄒㄧㄤˋ → ㄈㄤ ˙ㄒㄧㄤ (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fangsiång
    • Wade–Giles: fang¹-hsiang⁵
    • Yale: fāng-syang
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fang.shianq
    • Palladius: фансян (fansjan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɑŋ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/ → /fɑŋ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ²/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: fang¹ xiang⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fangxiang
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /faŋ⁵⁵ ɕiaŋ²¹³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: fong¹ hoeng³
    • Yale: fōng heung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fong¹ hoeng³
    • Guangdong Romanization: fong¹ hêng³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɔːŋ⁵⁵ hœːŋ³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fông-hiong
    • Hakka Romanization System: fong^ˊ hiong
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fong¹ hiong⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /foŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hi̯oŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: fong^ˋ hiong^ˇ
    • Sinological IPA: /foŋ⁵³ hioŋ¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: huŏng-hióng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huoŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ^(h-)ŋyɔŋ²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hong-hiòng
    • Tâi-lô: hong-hiòng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: honghioxng
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ³³ hiɔŋ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hiɔŋ²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɔŋ¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɔŋ²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hong-hiàng
    • Tâi-lô: hong-hiàng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: honghiaxng
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hiaŋ²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: huang¹ hiang³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huang hiàng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huaŋ³³⁻²³ hiaŋ²¹³/

---

• Middle Chinese: pjang xjangH

Rime
Character	方	向
Reading #	2/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	陽 (106)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	府良切	許亮切
Baxter	pjang	xjangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʉɐŋ/	/hɨɐŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/pʷiɐŋ/	/hiɐŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/piuɑŋ/	/xiɑŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/puaŋ/	/hɨaŋH/
Li Rong	/piuaŋ/	/xiaŋH/
Wang Li	/pĭwaŋ/	/xĭaŋH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/piwaŋ/	/xi̯aŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fāng	xiàng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fong1	hoeng3

Noun

方向

1. direction; orientation

   研究方向  ―  yánjiū fāngxiàng  ―  research direction

   轉換方向／转换方向  ―  zhuǎnhuàn fāngxiàng  ―  to change direction

   你要朝那個方向走。 [MSC, trad.]
   你要朝那个方向走。 [MSC, simp.]

   Nǐ yào cháo nà ge fāngxiàng zǒu. [Pinyin]

   You need to go in that direction.

   她朝哪個方向去了？ [MSC, trad.]
   她朝哪个方向去了？ [MSC, simp.]

   Tā cháo nǎ ge fāngxiàng qù le? [Pinyin]

   Which way did she go?

2. (figuratively, by extension) course; goal or trend of events

   這一樣車向我們展示了未來汽車的發展方向。 [MSC, trad.]
   这一样车向我们展示了未来汽车的发展方向。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhè yī yàng chē xiàng wǒmen zhǎnshì le wèilái qìchē de fāzhǎn fāngxiàng. [Pinyin]

   This concept shows us the direction of future car development.

   有人建議他要分散投資方向。 [MSC, trad.]
   有人建议他要分散投资方向。 [MSC, simp.]

   Yǒurén jiànyì tā yào fēnsàn tóuzī fāngxiàng. [Pinyin]

   He was advised to diversify his investments.

Synonyms

• (direction): 方位 (fāngwèi), 指向 (zhǐxiàng), 走向 (zǒuxiàng)
• (course):

edit

• 傾向 / 倾向
• 動向 / 动向 (dòngxiàng)
• 取向 (qǔxiàng)
• 意味 (yìwèi)
• 潮流 (cháoliú)
• 苗頭 / 苗头 (miáotou)
• 走向 (zǒuxiàng)
• 趨勢 / 趋势 (qūshì)
• 趨向 / 趋向 (qūxiàng)

 

Derived terms

• 大方向 (dàfāngxiàng)
• 掌方向盤的 / 掌方向盘的
• 方向感 (fāngxiànggǎn)
• 方向盤 / 方向盘 (fāngxiàngpán)
• 方向舵 (fāngxiàngduò)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (方向):

• → Japanese: 方向(ほうこう) (hōkō)
• → Korean: 방향(方向) (banghyang)
• → Vietnamese: phương hướng (方向)

See also

• 方面 (fāngmiàn)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
方	向
ほう Grade: 2	こう Grade: 3
on'yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 方向 (MC pjang xjangH).

Noun

方(ほう)向(こう) • (hōkō) 

1. direction; heading
2. course (in life etc.), goal
3. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

   内緒(ないしょ)の方向(ほうこう)でお願(ねが)いします。

   Naisho no hōkō de o-negai shimasu.

   Keep it a secret, please.

Synonyms

• (direction): 方角(ほうがく) (hōgaku), 方(ほう) (hō)
• (course): 方針(ほうしん) (hōshin), 目当(めあ)て (meate)

Derived terms

• 方向音痴(ほうこうおんち) (hōkōonchi)

References

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja in this term
方	向

Noun

方向 • (banghyang) (hangeul 방향)

1. hanja form^? of 방향 (“direction; orientation”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
方	向

Noun

方向

1. chữ Hán form of phương hướng (“direction”).