方面
Chinese
editsquare; quadrilateral; place square; quadrilateral; place; region; direction; side; method; way; prescription; power; upright; just |
face; side; surface face; side; surface; aspect; top | ||
---|---|---|---|
simp. and trad. (方面) |
方 | 面 |
Etymology
editAttestable in ancient Chinese texts; in the modern sense of "aspect", reborrowing from Japanese 方面 (hōmen).
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄤ ㄇㄧㄢˋ → ㄈㄤ ˙ㄇㄧㄢ (toneless final syllable variant)
- Tongyong Pinyin: fangmiån
- Wade–Giles: fang1-mien5
- Yale: fāng-myan
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fang.miann
- Palladius: фанмянь (fanmjanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fɑŋ⁵⁵ mi̯ɛn⁵¹/ → /fɑŋ⁵⁵ mi̯ɛn²/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄤ ㄇㄧㄢˋㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: fangmiànr
- Wade–Giles: fang1-mien4-ʼrh
- Yale: fāng-myànr
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fangmiall
- Palladius: фанмяньр (fanmjanʹr)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fɑŋ⁵⁵ mi̯ɑɻ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: fong1 min6
- Yale: fōng mihn
- Cantonese Pinyin: fong1 min6
- Guangdong Romanization: fong1 min6
- Sinological IPA (key): /fɔːŋ⁵⁵ miːn²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fông-mien
- Hakka Romanization System: fongˊ mien
- Hagfa Pinyim: fong1 mian4
- Sinological IPA: /foŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ mi̯en⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- Wu
Noun
edit方面
- aspect; side; (on the one) hand; facet; respect (Classifier: 個/个 m)
- (archaic) direction
- (archaic) one direction
- (archaic) four directions; all sides; all around
- (archaic) official post; duty
Usage notes
edit- It is acceptable to use 方面 (fāngmiàn) both with or without a classifier; both 三方面 (sān fāngmiàn) and 三個方面/三个方面 (sān ge fāngmiàn) are commonly used.
- When using the term with 這/这 (zhè) or 那 (nà), both 這(那)一方面/这(那)一方面 (zhè (nà) yī fāngmiàn) and 這(那)個方面/这(那)个方面 (zhè (nà) ge fāngmiàn) are acceptable constructions, the former being more formal than the latter.
- Unlike in Japanese, 方面 (fāngmiàn) in modern Chinese never conveys the meaning of direction; 方向 (fāngxiàng) is used instead.
Synonyms
edit- (aspect):
Derived terms
editJapanese
editKanji in this term | |
---|---|
方 | 面 |
ほう Grade: 2 |
めん Grade: 3 |
on'yomi |
Pronunciation
editNoun
editSynonyms
editReferences
edit- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
Korean
editHanja in this term | |
---|---|
方 | 面 |
Noun
editVietnamese
editchữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
方 | 面 |
Noun
edit方面
- chữ Hán form of phương diện (“aspect; bearing”).
Categories:
- Chinese terms borrowed from Japanese
- Chinese terms derived from Japanese
- Mandarin terms with audio pronunciation
- Cantonese terms with audio pronunciation
- Mandarin words containing toneless variants
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 方
- Chinese terms spelled with 面
- Chinese nouns classified by 個/个
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Chinese terms with archaic senses
- Beginning Mandarin
- Japanese terms spelled with 方 read as ほう
- Japanese terms spelled with 面 read as めん
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- Korean lemmas
- Korean nouns
- Korean nouns in Han script
- Korean hanja forms
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese nouns
- Vietnamese nouns in Han script
- Vietnamese Chữ Hán