Wiktionary

時雨

See also: 时雨

Chinese

edit
o'clock; time; when
o'clock; time; when; hour; season; period
 
 rain
trad. (時雨) 時 雨
simp. (时雨) 时 雨

Pronunciation 1

edit

Noun

edit

時雨

  1. (literary) timely rain
Descendants
edit
Sino-Xenic (時雨):
  • → Japanese: 時雨(じう) (jiu)

Pronunciation 2

edit

Noun

edit

時雨

  1. (Longyan Min) thunder shower
Synonyms
edit
Dialectal synonyms of 雷陣雨 (“thunder shower”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 雷陣雨
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 雷陣雨, 西北雨
Harbin 雷陣雨
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 雷陣雨
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 雷陣雨
Xuzhou 雷暴雨
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 雷雨
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 偏東雨, 雷陣雨
Guiyang 雷陣雨
Liuzhou 雷陣雨
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 雷陣雨, 雷雨, 雷暴雨
Yangzhou 雷暴雨
Cantonese Dongguan 雷陣雨
Gan Pingxiang 雷陣雨
Hakka Yudu 雷陣雨
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 風時雨
Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian) 風時雨
Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian) 西北雨
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 西北雨
Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) 西北雨
Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) 西北雨
Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) 西北雨
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 風時水
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 西北雨
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 風時雨
Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) 西北雨
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 西北雨
Jin Taiyuan 忽雷雨
Xinzhou 忽雷雨
Eastern Min Fuzhou 晡時雨
Fuqing 晡時雨
Southern Min Xiamen 西北雨, 西北, 方時雨
Quanzhou 西北雨, 西北
Zhangzhou 西北雨, 西北, 方時雨
Taipei 西北雨
New Taipei (Sanxia) 西北雨
Kaohsiung 西北雨
Yilan 西北雨
Changhua (Lukang) 西北雨
Taichung 西北雨
Tainan 西北雨
Hsinchu 西北雨
Kinmen 西北雨
Penghu (Magong) 西北雨
Longyan 時雨
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 雷陣雨
Wu Shanghai 雷陣雨
Danyang 雷陣雨
Hangzhou 雷陣雨
Ningbo 雷雨, 雷陣雨
Jinhua 天雷雨, 天雷猛雨 stronger
Xiang Changsha 雷陣雨

Japanese

edit

Etymology 1

edit
 
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
Kanji in this term
時 雨
しぐれ
Grade: 2 Grade: 1
jukujikun

From Old Japanese.

The 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis form”) and 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of classical verb 時雨る (shiguru), modern 時雨れる (shigureru, “to rain a shower”).

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 時雨 / 时雨 (shíyǔ).

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

時雨(しぐれ) • (shigure) 

  1. a rainshower in late summer, autumn, or winter
    • 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 1:
      [2]
      𩅧雨　孫愐曰：「𩅧雨小雨也。」音與終同。漢鈔云：［之久禮］
      Drizzle - Sun Mian said: drizzle is a light rain. The pronunciation is the same with 終 (shū). A Han banknote reads “shigure”.
  2. (by extension, figurative) shedding tears
  3. Short for 時雨煮 (shigureni), 時雨羹 (shigurekan), 時雨饅頭 (shigure manjū), etc.
  4. Short for 時雨蛤 (shigure hamaguri): clams cooked in the shigureni method with soy sauce; a specialty of Kuwana, Mie Prefecture
Usage notes
edit

As a 季語 (kigo, “seasonal word”), originally referred to rainshowers in late autumn to early winter. The extension to include late summer and the whole of autumn is only attested between the compilation of the Kokin and Kin'yō Wakashū. Today, shigure only refers to a winter rainshower.

Derived terms
edit
Derived terms

Verb

edit

時雨(しぐれ)する • (shigure suru) suru (stem 時雨(しぐれ)し (shigure shi), past 時雨(しぐれ)した (shigure shita))

  1. to rain a shower
  2. to shed tears
Conjugation
edit
Conjugation of "時雨する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 時雨し しぐれし shigure shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 時雨し しぐれし shigure shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 時雨する しぐれする shigure suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 時雨する しぐれする shigure suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 時雨すれ しぐれすれ shigure sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 時雨せよ¹
時雨しろ² 		しぐれせよ¹
しぐれしろ² 		shigure seyo¹
shigure shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 時雨される しぐれされる shigure sareru
Causative 時雨させる
時雨さす 		しぐれさせる
しぐれさす 		shigure saseru
shigure sasu
Potential 時雨できる しぐれできる shigure dekiru
Volitional 時雨しよう しぐれしよう shigure shiyō
Negative 時雨しない しぐれしない shigure shinai
Negative continuative 時雨せず しぐれせず shigure sezu
Formal 時雨します しぐれします shigure shimasu
Perfective 時雨した しぐれした shigure shita
Conjunctive 時雨して しぐれして shigure shite
Hypothetical conditional 時雨すれば しぐれすれば shigure sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

Proper noun

edit

時雨(しぐれ) • (Shigure) 

  1. name of an 泡盛 (awamori, “Okinawan liquor made from rice or millet”)
  2. a Shiratsuyu-class destroyer of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II, see   Japanese destroyer Shigure (1935) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
  3. a female given name
  4. a surname

Etymology 2

edit
Kanji in this term
時 雨
じ
Grade: 2 		う
Grade: 1
goon

From Middle Chinese 時雨 (MC dzyi hjuX). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

時(じ)雨(う) • (jiu) 

  1. timely or seasonable rain
  2. Same as しぐれ (shigure) above
Derived terms
edit

Proper noun

edit

時(じ)雨(う) • (Jiu) 

  1. a female given name

References

edit
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ “時雨”, in 日本大百科全書：ニッポニカ (Nippon Dai Hyakka Zensho: Nipponica, “Encyclopedia Nipponica”)‎[1] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 1984

Further reading

edit

Old Japanese

edit

Etymology

edit

The 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis form”) and 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 時雨る (siguru, “to rain a shower”).

Noun

edit

時雨 (sigure) (kana しぐれ)

  1. a rainshower in late autumn or early winter
    Synonym: 時雨の雨 (sigure no2 ame2)
    • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 10, poem 2214:
      , text here
      夕去者鴈之越徃龍田山四具礼尓競色付尓家里
      yupu sareba kari no2 koyeyuku Tatuta-yama sigure ni ki1popi1 iro2duki1nike1ri
      (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Descendants

edit
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=時雨&oldid=82924468"
  NODES
eth 1
see 3