椒

椒	U+6912, 椒 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6912

Translingual

Han character

椒 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 木卜火水 (DYFE), four-corner 4794₀, composition ⿰木叔)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 536, character 16
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15029
Dae Jaweon: page 924, character 6
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1230, character 3
Unihan data for U+6912

Chinese

simp. and trad.		椒
2nd round simp.		茭
alternative forms		𣐹𣒏𣓙

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (尗) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
椒	*ʔsliw
茮	*ʔsliw
踧	l'ɯːwɢ, ʔslɯwɢ
蔋	*l'ɯːwɢ
惄	*nɯːwɢ
戚	*sʰlɯːwɢ
慼	*sʰlɯːwɢ
鏚	*sʰlɯːwɢ
慽	*sʰlɯːwɢ
磩	*sʰlɯːwɢ
寂	*zlɯːwɢ
嘁	*ʔsluːb
墄	*sʰlɯːɡ
摵	srɯːɡ, ʔslɯwɢ, *srɯwɢ
督	*ʔl'uːwɢ
錖	*ʔl'uːwɢ
裻	ʔl'uːwɢ, sluːwɢ
傶	*ʔslɯːwɢ
蹙	*ʔslɯwɢ
槭	*ʔslɯwɢ
縬	ʔslɯwɢ, ʔsrɯwɢ
顣	*ʔslɯwɢ
敊	*l̥ʰɯwɢ
琡	ʔljɯwɢ, l̥ʰjɯwɢ
俶	*l̥ʰjɯwɢ
埱	*l̥ʰjɯwɢ
淑	*ɦljɯwɢ
婌	*ɦljɯwɢ
尗	*hljɯwɢ
叔	*hljɯwɢ
掓	*hljɯwɢ
菽	*hljɯwɢ
鮛	*hljɯwɢ

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): jiāo (jiao¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄠ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): jiao¹

(Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): jiào
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ziu¹

(Dongguan, Jyutping++): ziu¹
Gan (Wiktionary): jieu¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chêu

(Meixian, Guangdong): jiau¹
Jin (Wiktionary): jiau¹
Northern Min (KCR): ciáu
Eastern Min (BUC): ciĕu
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zieo¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chio / chiau

(Teochew, Peng'im): zio¹ / ziê¹

(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): jio¹ / jiao¹
Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): ziu¹
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ¹ciau / ¹tsiau
Xiang
(Changsha, Wiktionary): ziau¹

(Loudi, Wiktionary): zieu¹

(Hengyang, Wiktionary): jiau¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiāo
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄠ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiao
  - Wade–Giles: chiao¹
  - Yale: jyāu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiau
  - Palladius: цзяо (czjao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: jiao¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: giao
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiau⁵⁵/
- (Nanjing)
  - Nanjing Pinyin: jiào
  - Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): jiao¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiɔ³¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: ziu¹
  - Yale: jīu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dziu¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: jiu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siːu̯⁵⁵/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
  - Jyutping++: ziu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siu²¹³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: jieu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiɛu⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chêu
  - Hakka Romanization System: zeu^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zeu¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡seu̯²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: jiau¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡siau⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: jiau¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕiau¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ciáu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siau⁵⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ciĕu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sieu⁵⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: zieo¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sieu⁵³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chio / chiau
  - Tâi-lô: tsio / tsiau
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cioy, ciaw
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sio⁴⁴/, /t͡siau⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sio³³/, /t͡siau³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sio⁴⁴/, /t͡siau⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sio⁴⁴/, /t͡siau⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɤ⁴⁴/, /t͡siau⁴⁴/

Note:

chio - vernacular;
chiau - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: zio¹ / ziê¹
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsio / tsie
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sio³³/, /t͡sie³³/

Note:

zio1 - Shantou;
ziê1 - Chaozhou.

(Leizhou)
- Leizhou Pinyin: jio¹ / jiao¹
- Sinological IPA: /t͡siɔ³⁵/, /t͡siau³⁵/

Note:

jio1 - vernacular;
jiao1 - literary.

Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
  - Jyutping++: ziu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siu⁵³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Chongming, Hangzhou, Ningbo)
  - Wugniu: ¹ciau
  - MiniDict: ciau^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹jiau
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕiɔ⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Chongming): /t͡ɕiɔ⁵⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /t͡ɕiɔ³³⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /t͡ɕiɔ⁵²/
- (Northern: Jiading, Songjiang, Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ¹tsiau
  - MiniDict: tsiau^平
  - Sinological IPA (Jiading): /t͡siɔ⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /t͡siɔ⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡siæ⁴⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: ziau¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /t͡si̯ɒu̯³³/
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /t͡ɕi̯ɒu̯³³/
- (Loudi)
  - Wiktionary: zieu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si̯ɤ⁴⁴/
- (Hengyang)
  - Wiktionary: jiau¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁴⁴⁵/

Middle Chinese: tsjew

Rime
Character	椒
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	宵 (91)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	即消切
Baxter	tsjew
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡siᴇu/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡siɛu/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sjæu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡siaw/
Li Rong	/t͡siɛu/
Wang Li	/t͡sĭɛu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡si̯ɛu/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiāo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ziu¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*s.tˤiw/, /*S.tew/

(Zhengzhang): /*ʔsliw/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	椒	椒
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jiāo	jiāo
Middle Chinese	‹ tsew ›	‹ tsjew ›
Old Chinese	/*s.tˁiw/	/*S.tew/
English	pepper plant	pepper plant
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	椒
Reading #	1/1
No.	11724
Phonetic component	尗
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	焦
Old Chinese	/*ʔsliw/

Definitions

椒

(originally) Sichuan pepper
- 椒聊且、遠條且。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
  椒聊且、远条且。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Jiāo liáo qiě, yuǎn tiáo qiě. [Pinyin]
  O the pepper plant! How far its branches extend!
any similar plants and spices, such as pepper and chili
- 蒙舍蠻以椒、薑、桂和烹而飲之。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  蒙舍蛮以椒、姜、桂和烹而饮之。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Tang Dynasty, Fan Chuo, Manshu, chapter 7, part 7
  Méngshè Mán yǐ jiāo, jiāng, guì hé pēng ér yǐn zhī. [Pinyin]
  The Mengshe Barbarians use pepper, ginger, and cinnamon to boil as a drink.
summit
a surname

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

椒

(Hyōgai kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: しょう (shō)^{←せう (seu, historical)}
Kan-on: しょう (shō)^{←せう (seu, historical)}
Kun: はじかみ (hajikami, 椒)

Compounds

胡椒(こしょう) (koshō)
山椒(さんしょう) (sanshō)

Korean

Hanja

椒 (eumhun 산초나무 초 (sanchonamu cho))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

椒: Hán Nôm readings: tiêu

any spices or plants, usually peppers