檬

檬 U+6AAC, 檬 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6AAC ← 檫 [U+6AAB] CJK Unified Ideographs 檭 → [U+6AAD]

Translingual

Han character

檬 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+14, 18 strokes, cangjie input 木廿月人 (DTBO), four-corner 4493₂, composition ⿰木蒙)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 558, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15710
• Dae Jaweon: page 947, character 13
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1299, character 9
• Unihan data for U+6AAC

Chinese

trad.		檬
simp. #		檬

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (冡) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
蒙	*moːŋ
冡	*moːŋ
濛	*moːŋ, *moːŋʔ
艨	*moːŋ, *moːŋs
朦	*moːŋ, *moːŋʔ
矇	*moːŋ
饛	*moːŋ
檬	*moːŋ
鸏	*moːŋ, *moːŋʔ
幪	*moːŋ
蠓	*moːŋ, *moːŋʔ
靀	*moːŋ
曚	*moːŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *moːŋ) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 蒙 (OC *moːŋ).

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): méng (meng²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄥˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): mung⁴
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): morng²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: méng
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: méng
    • Wade–Giles: mêng²
    • Yale: méng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: meng
    • Palladius: мэн (mɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɤŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: mung⁴
    • Yale: mùhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: mung⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: mung⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mʊŋ²¹/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: morng²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɒŋ¹³/

---

• Middle Chinese: muwng

Rime
Character	檬
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	東 (1)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	莫紅切
Baxter	muwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/muŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/muŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/muŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/məwŋ/
Li Rong	/muŋ/
Wang Li	/muŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/muŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	méng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mung4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*moːŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	檬
Reading #	1/1
No.	8976
Phonetic component	冡
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	蒙
Old Chinese	/*moːŋ/

Definitions

檬

1. ^† A type of locust-like tree.

Compounds

• 檬果 (méngguǒ)
• 海檬果

 

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): méng (meng²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄥˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): mung^4-1
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): móng

  (Meixian, Guangdong): mung²

• Jin (Wiktionary): meng¹
• Eastern Min (BUC): mùng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): morng²
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): bông / bóng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): mong⁵ / mou⁵ / mong²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: méng
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: méng
    • Wade–Giles: mêng²
    • Yale: méng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: meng
    • Palladius: мэн (mɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɤŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: mung^4-1
    • Yale: mūng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: mung^4-1
    • Guangdong Romanization: mung^4-1
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mʊŋ²¹⁻⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: móng
    • Hakka Romanization System: mong^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: mong³
    • Sinological IPA: /moŋ³¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: mung²
    • Sinological IPA: /mʊŋ¹¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: meng¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /məŋ¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: mùng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /muŋ⁵³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: morng²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɒŋ¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, dated in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bông
    • Tâi-lô: bông
    • Phofsit Daibuun: boong
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /bɔŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /bɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /bɔŋ²³/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bóng
    • Tâi-lô: bóng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: borng
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /bɔŋ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /bɔŋ⁵³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: mong⁵ / mou⁵ / mong²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mông / môu / móng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /moŋ⁵⁵/, /mou⁵⁵/, /moŋ⁵²/

Note:

• mong5/mou5 - literary;
• mong2 - vernacular.

Definitions

檬

1. Used in 檸檬／柠檬 (níngméng, “lemon”).

Compounds

• 檸檬 / 柠檬 (níngméng)
• 檸檬水 / 柠檬水 (níngméngshuǐ)
• 檸檬汁 / 柠檬汁 (níngméngzhī)
• 檸檬烯 / 柠檬烯 (níngméngxī)
• 檸檬精 / 柠檬精 (níngméngjīng)
• 檸檬素 / 柠檬素
• 檸檬色 / 柠檬色 (níngméngsè)
• 檸檬茶 / 柠檬茶 (níngméngchá)
• 檸檬草 / 柠檬草 (níngméngcǎo)
• 檸檬酸 / 柠檬酸 (níngméngsuān)
• 檸檬醛 / 柠檬醛 (níngméngquán)
• 檸檬醬 / 柠檬酱 (níngméngjiàng)
• 檸檬香茅 / 柠檬香茅 (níngméng xiāngmáo)
• 檬水
• 甜檸檬心理 / 甜柠檬心理
• 酸檬
• 青檸檬 / 青柠檬
• 食檸檬 / 食柠檬
• 黎檬子 (líméngzǐ)

 

Etymology 3

From Vietnamese bún.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): méng (meng²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄥˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): mung^4-1

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: méng
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: méng
    • Wade–Giles: mêng²
    • Yale: méng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: meng
    • Palladius: мэн (mɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɤŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: mung^4-1
    • Yale: mūng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: mung^4-1
    • Guangdong Romanization: mung^4-1
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mʊŋ²¹⁻⁵⁵/

Definitions

檬

1. bún (Vietnamese rice vermicelli)

Derived terms

• 撈檬 / 捞檬
• 檬粉 (méngfěn)
• 湯檬 / 汤檬

 

References

• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “檬”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 155.

Japanese

Kanji

檬

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

• On (unclassified): ぼう (bō)、も (mo)

Korean

Hanja

檬 (eumhun 레몬 (lemon) 몽 (remon ( lemon ) mong))

1. hanja form^? of 몽 (“lemon”)

Compounds

• 영몽 (檸檬, yeongmong, “lemon”)
• 몽과 (檬果, monggwa, “mango”)

Vietnamese

Han character

檬: Hán Nôm readings: muồng, môm, mông, muỗm

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
• Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
• Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999