殘缺

See also: 残缺 and 残欠

Chinese

		destroy; spoil; ruin destroy; spoil; ruin; injure; cruel; oppressive; savage; incomplete; disabled	lack; scarce; vacant post lack; scarce; vacant post; to run short of
trad. (殘缺)		殘	缺
simp. (残缺)		残	缺
alternative forms		殘闕／残阙

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): cánquē

  (Zhuyin): ㄘㄢˊ ㄑㄩㄝ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): caan⁴ kyut³
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chân-khoat

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: cánquē
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄢˊ ㄑㄩㄝ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cáncyue
    • Wade–Giles: tsʻan²-chʻüeh¹
    • Yale: tsán-chywē
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsarnchiue
    • Palladius: цаньцюэ (canʹcjue)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰän³⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: caan⁴ kyut³
    • Yale: chàahn kyut
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsaan⁴ kyt⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: can⁴ küd³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaːn²¹ kʰyːt̚³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chân-khoat
    • Tâi-lô: tsân-khuat
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zanqoad
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡san¹³⁻²² kʰuat̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡san²⁴⁻²² kʰuat̚⁵/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡san²⁴⁻²² kʰuat̚³²/

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• Middle Chinese: dzan khwet|khjwiet

Rime
Character	殘	缺	缺
Reading #	1/1	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	從 (15)	溪 (29)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	寒 (61)	屑 (88)	薛 (82)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	I	IV	III
Fanqie	昨干切	苦穴切	傾雪切
Baxter	dzan	khwet	khjwiet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡zɑn/	/kʰwet̚/	/kʰiuᴇt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡zɑn/	/kʰʷet̚/	/kʰʷiɛt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡zɑn/	/kʰuɛt̚/	/kʰjuæt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡zan/	/kʰwɛt̚/	/kʰwiat̚/
Li Rong	/d͡zɑn/	/kʰuet̚/	/kʰiuɛt̚/
Wang Li	/d͡zɑn/	/kʰiwet̚/	/kʰĭuɛt̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/d͡zʱɑn/	/kʰiwet̚/	/kʰi̯wɛt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cán	que	que
Expected Cantonese Reflex	caan4	hyut3	hyut3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[dz]ˤa[n]  Nə-[k]ʷʰˤet/

  (Zhengzhang): /*zlaːn  kʰʷed|kʰʷeːd/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	殘	缺
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	cán	quē
Middle Chinese	‹ dzan ›	‹ khwet ›
Old Chinese	/*[dz]ˁa[n]/	/*Nə-[k]ʷʰˁet/
English	damage; hurt; cruel	break; defective
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	殘	缺	缺
Reading #	1/2	1/2	2/2
No.	5978	4412	4430
Phonetic component	戔	夬	夬
Rime group	元	月	月
Rime subdivision	1	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	殘	缺	闋
Old Chinese	/*zlaːn/	/*kʰʷed/	/*kʰʷeːd/

Verb

殘缺

1. to be damaged; to be worn; to be torn

Synonyms

edit

• 破損 / 破损 (pòsǔn)
• 缺損 / 缺损 (quēsǔn)

 

Adjective

殘缺

1. damaged; defective; fallible; incomplete; fragmentary

Synonyms

edit

• 欠 (qiàn)
• 殘敗 / 残败 (cánbài)
• 殘破 / 残破 (cánpò)
• 殘舊 / 残旧 (cánjiù)
• 破 (pò)
• 破敗 / 破败 (pòbài)
• 破爛 / 破烂 (pòlàn)
• 破缺 (Hokkien)
• 破舊 / 破旧 (pòjiù)
• 破落 (pòluò)
• 破鬖 / 破𩭹 (Min Nan)
• 缺 (quē)
• 落柵 / 落栅 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)

 

Antonyms

• 完美 (wánměi)
• 完全 (wánquán)

Derived terms

• 殘缺不全 / 残缺不全 (cánquēbùquán)