See also:
U+722D, 爭
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-722D

[U+722C]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+722E]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 87, +4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 月尸木 (BSD), four-corner 20507, composition 𬺰)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 688, character 33
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19663
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1101, character 22
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2031, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+722D

Chinese

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trad. /
simp.
alternative forms

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shang Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
     

Pictogram (象形) – two hands on a plowshare. The two hands are still visibile on top of the character ( and ), while the plowshare looks like a vertical hook in modern writing.

Etymology

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"to dispute; to fight; to contend; to strive"
Cognate with Tibetan འཛིང་བ ('dzing ba, to quarrel; to contend; to fight), Burmese စစ် (cac, war) (Schuessler, 2007).
"to lack; to owe"
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation 1

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Note:
  • zang1 - literary ("to dispute" and related senses);
  • zaang1 - vernacular ("to contend", "to lack", "to owe");
  • caang1 - "to lack".
Note:
  • zang1 - dispute, fight, etc.;
  • cang1 - to lack, to be missing.
Note:
  • căng - vernacular;
  • cĕng - literary.
Note:
  • chiⁿ/cheⁿ - vernacular;
  • cheng/chng - literary.
Note:
  • 1tsan - vernacular;
  • 1tsen - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂəŋ⁵⁵/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂəŋ⁴⁴/
Tianjin /t͡səŋ²¹/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂəŋ²¹³/
Qingdao /ʈ͡ʂəŋ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂəŋ²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡səŋ²¹/
Xining /t͡sə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡səŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂə̃n³¹/
Ürümqi /t͡sɤŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /t͡sən⁵⁵/
Chengdu /t͡sən⁵⁵/
Guiyang /t͡sen⁵⁵/
Kunming /t͡sə⁴⁴̃/
Nanjing /t͡sən³¹/
Hefei /t͡sən²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡səŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡səŋ¹³/
/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩¹³/ ~氣
Hohhot /t͡sə̃ŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /t͡səŋ⁵³/
Suzhou /t͡sən⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡sen³³/
Wenzhou /t͡siɛ³³/
/d͡ziɛ³¹/
/d͡ziɛ²²/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʌ̃³¹/
/t͡sɛ³¹/
Tunxi /t͡ɕiɛ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /t͡sən³³/
Xiangtan /t͡sɔn³³/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sɑŋ⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sen⁴⁴/ 鬥~
/t͡saŋ⁴⁴/ ~食
Taoyuan /t͡sɑŋ²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sɐŋ⁵³/
/t͡saŋ⁵³/
Nanning /t͡saŋ⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡siŋ⁵⁵/
/t͡sĩ⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /t͡saŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡saiŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡sẽ³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /t͡seŋ²³/
/t͡sɛ²³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (18)
Final () (117)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () II
Fanqie
Baxter tsreang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ʃˠɛŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʈ͡ʂᵚæŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ʃɐŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʈ͡ʂəɨjŋ/
Li
Rong
/t͡ʃɛŋ/
Wang
Li
/t͡ʃæŋ/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ʈ͡ʂæŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhēng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zang1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
zhēng
Middle
Chinese
‹ tsrɛng ›
Old
Chinese
/*[ts]ˁreŋ/ (~ *m-tsˁreŋ or *mə- tsˁreŋ)
English strife, quarrel

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 17142
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ʔsreːŋ/

Definitions

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  1. to dispute; to fight
    [Cantonese]  ―  mou5 me1 hou2 zaang1. [Jyutping]  ―  It is nothing to fight over.
    半天其實 [Yangzhou Mandarin, trad.]
    半天其实 [Yangzhou Mandarin, simp.]
    From: 现代汉语方言大词典
    Those two have been arguing for all day, but actually they're the same point.
    冒得 [Gan, trad.]
    冒得 [Gan, simp.]
    From: 现代汉语方言大词典
    He's not wrong in the first place, stop disputing!
    [Eastern Min, trad.]
    [Eastern Min, simp.]
    From: 现代汉语方言大词典
    Those two had a big fight.
    開玩笑兩家頭起來 [Shanghainese, trad.]
    开玩笑两家头起来 [Shanghainese, simp.]
    1khe-khe 6woe-shiau 6lian-ka-deu 6zhieu 1tsan 5chi-le 8leq [Wugniu]
    After some bantering, those two started fighting.
  2. to contend
    明個飯後我們他們冠軍 [Yangzhou Mandarin, trad.]
    明个饭后我们他们冠军 [Yangzhou Mandarin, simp.]
    From: 现代汉语方言大词典
    Tomorrow, after lunch, we'll be contending for the first place against them.
    大家發言 [Sichuanese, trad.]
    大家发言 [Sichuanese, simp.]
    From: 现代汉语方言大词典
    da4 jia1 zen1 dao fa2 yan2 [Sichuanese Pinyin]
    Everyone is fighting for a chance to speak.
  3. to strive
      ―  zhēng  ―  to strive to excel
  4. (dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese, dialectal Hakka, Jin, dialectal Min, Southern Wu) to lack; to be missing; still have; remaining
    佢哋廁所 [Cantonese, trad.]
    佢哋厕所 [Cantonese, simp.]
    keoi5 dei6 gaan1 uk1 zung6 zaang1 go3 ci3 so2 mei6 zong1. [Jyutping]
    Their house still hasn't had the bathroom installed yet.
    機場分鐘 [Cantonese, trad.]
    机场分钟 [Cantonese, simp.]
    dou3 gei1 coeng4 zung6 zaang1 gei2 fan1 zung1. [Jyutping]
    There are still a couple minutes until we reach the airport.
    好似 [Cantonese, trad.]
    好似 [Cantonese, simp.]
    hou2 ci5 zaang1 gam2 di1 je5 [Jyutping]
    seems to be missing something
  5. (Cantonese) to have a difference (expressed in conjunction with terms of physical distance)
    XX [Cantonese]  ―  tung4 X zaang1 hou2 jyun5 [Jyutping]  ―  to be greatly different from X
    X十萬八千里 [Cantonese, trad.]
    X十万八千里 [Cantonese, simp.]
    tung4 X zaang1 sap6 maan6 baat3 cin1 lei5 [Jyutping]
    to be radically different from X ("be different by 108,000 li")
  6. (Ürümqi Mandarin) argumentative
    那個不好 [Lanyin Mandarin, trad.]
    那个不好 [Lanyin Mandarin, simp.]
    From: 现代汉语方言大词典
    Tā nàge rén tài zhēng liē, hé shéi dōu chù bùhǎo. [Pinyin]
    He's way too argumentative, he can't hang out with anyone.
  7. (Ürümqi Mandarin) to open up
    口袋 [Lanyin Mandarin, trad.]
    口袋 [Lanyin Mandarin, simp.]
    From: 现代汉语方言大词典
    Bǎ kǒudài zhēng kāi, hǎo wǎng lǐ zhuāng. [Pinyin]
    Open up your pocket, let's put it in there.
  8. (dialectal) to owe
    明天 [Sichuanese, trad.]
    明天 [Sichuanese, simp.]
    From: 现代汉语方言大词典
    ngo3 huan2 zen1 nyi3 san1 go2 qian2 min2 tian1 ge1 nyi3 [Sichuanese Pinyin]
    I still owe you thirty cents, I'll give it to you tomorrow.
  9. (Wanrong Mandarin) because; due to; so that
    [Central Plains Mandarin, trad.]
    [Central Plains Mandarin, simp.]
    From: 现代汉语方言大词典
    Tā liǎ zhēng yī jù huà chǎo qǐ la. [Pinyin]
    They started fighting because of a small line.
  10. (Wanrong Mandarin) capable
    Synonym: 能幹 / 能干 (nénggàn) (Standard)
    [Central Plains Mandarin, trad.]
    [Central Plains Mandarin, simp.]
    From: 现代汉语方言大词典
    Nǐ kě zhēng li, zuò huó néng dǐng jǐ wài rén. [Pinyin]
    You're rather capable aren't you, what you do is comparable to multiple others.
  11. (Suzhounese, Dongguan Cantonese) to argue for the sake of arguing
    Synonym: 抬槓 / 抬杠 (táigàng) (Standard)
    辰光啥人 [Suzhounese, trad.]
    辰光啥人 [Suzhounese, simp.]
    From: 现代汉语方言大词典
    I can't be bothered to bicker with you, we'll see who's right eventually.
  12. (Wenzhounese) different
    大專本科 [Wenzhounese, trad.]
    大专本科 [Wenzhounese, simp.]
    From: 现代汉语方言大词典
    Going to community college and going to university for an undergrad are different though.
  13. (Jinhua Wu) to have reservations
    力氣 [Wu, trad.]
    力气 [Wu, simp.]
    From: 现代汉语方言大词典
    He doesn't have much energy left.
  14. 25th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "contention" (𝌞)
  15. why, how
Synonyms
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  • (to lack): (qiàn)
  • (to owe):

Compounds

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Descendants

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  • Vietnamese: giành

Pronunciation 2

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Definitions

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  1. Original form of (zhèng, “to admonish”).

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Shinjitai

Kyūjitai

Kanji

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(Jinmeiyō kanjikyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form )

  1. Kyūjitai form of

Readings

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  • Go-on: しょう (shō)しやう (syau, historical)
  • Kan-on: そう ()さう (sau, historical)

Korean

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Hanja

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(eumhun 다툴 (datul jaeng))

  1. hanja form? of (dispute; fight)

Compounds

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: tranh, tránh, giành

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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