琉

琉 U+7409, 琉 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7409 ← 琈 [U+7408] CJK Unified Ideographs 琊 → [U+740A]

琉 U+F9CC, 琉 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9CC ← 溜 [U+F9CB] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 留 → [U+F9CD]

Translingual

Han character

琉 (Kangxi radical 96, 玉+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 一土卜戈山 (MGYIU), four-corner 1011₃, composition ⿰𤣩㐬)

Further reading

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 733, character 8
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20978
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1118, character 9
• Unihan data for U+7409

• Unihan data for U+F9CC

Chinese

trad.		琉
simp. #		琉
alternative forms		瑠 璢 𤥗 𤩾

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (流) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
流	*ru
硫	*ru
琉	*ru
旒	*ru
瑬	*ru
裗	*ru

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ru) : semantic 𤣩 (“jade”) + phonetic 㐬 ().

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): liú (liu²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄡˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): lau⁴
• Eastern Min (BUC): liù
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): liû

  (Teochew, Peng'im): liu⁵

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: liú
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄡˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: lióu
    • Wade–Giles: liu²
    • Yale: lyóu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liou
    • Palladius: лю (lju)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /li̯oʊ̯³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: lau⁴
    • Yale: làuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: lau⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: leo⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɐu̯²¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: liù
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /l̃ieu⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liû
    • Tâi-lô: liû
    • Phofsit Daibuun: liuu
    • IPA (Xiamen): /liu²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /liu²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /liu¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /liu²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /liu²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: liu⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: liû
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /liu⁵⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: ljuw

Rime
Character	琉
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	力求切
Baxter	ljuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɨu/
Pan Wuyun	/liu/
Shao Rongfen	/liəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/luw/
Li Rong	/liu/
Wang Li	/lĭəu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/li̯ə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	liú
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lau4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ru/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	琉
Reading #	1/1
No.	8337
Phonetic component	流
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	劉
Old Chinese	/*ru/
Notes	同瑠

Definitions

琉

1. Used in compounds.

Compounds

• 帛琉 (Bóliú)
• 淨琉璃 / 净琉璃
• 琉特琴 (liútèqín)
• 琉球 (Liúqiú)
• 琉球群島 / 琉球群岛 (Liúqiú Qúndǎo)
• 琉璃 (liúlí)
• 琉璃喇叭
• 琉璃工藝 / 琉璃工艺
• 琉璃廠 / 琉璃厂
• 琉璃燈 / 琉璃灯
• 琉璃珠
• 琉璃球兒 / 琉璃球儿
• 琉璃瓦 (liúlíwǎ)
• 琉璃磚 / 琉璃砖
• 萬頃琉璃 / 万顷琉璃

 

References

• “琉”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

琉

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

1. precious stone
2. gem
3. lapis lazuli

Readings

• Go-on: る (ru)
• Kan-on: りゅう (ryū)^{←りう (riu, historical)}

Compounds

• 琉璃(るり) (ruri): lapis lazuli
• 琉球(りゅうきゅう) (ryūkyū): Ryūkyū

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 琉 (MC ljuw). Recorded as Middle Korean 류 (lyu) (Yale: lyu) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource

琉 (eumhun 유리 류 (yuri ryu), word-initial (South Korea) 유리 유 (yuri yu))

1. hanja form^? of [[류/유#Korean:_琉|류/유]] (“glass”)

Compounds

Compounds

• 유리 (琉璃, yuri, “glass”)
• 유리창 (琉璃窓, yurichang)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

Han character

琉: Hán Việt readings: lưu
琉: Nôm readings: lưu

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation